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Shaping the Culture Images of Shao Garden and Mi Wanzhong: A Study of the Paintings of Shao Garden
No full text本論文以描繪米萬鍾（1554後-1631）在北京勺園舉行修褉活動的三幅畫作為研究對象，企圖透過重建勺園的空間設計與勺園圖的製作、使用脈絡，勾勒出園主米萬鍾一步步形塑勺園空間文化和個人文化形象的過程。本論文首先說明勺園與米萬鍾的特殊關係，並從圖繪顯示出勺園與修褉活動的密切關係，指出米萬鍾因應舉行修褉的空間需求，透過曲水景觀將勺園打造成「北地蘭亭」，以此追慕王羲之蘭亭修褉的風流情懷。接著，本文討論米萬鍾聘請同為佛教居士的好友吳彬繪製的《勺園祓褉圖》。此作再現園內特殊的曲水景觀，並將米萬鍾喜好與想望，一一投射在勺園圖所再現的空間象限中。而米萬鍾利用吳彬之作進行修改，繪製成《勺園修褉圖》，將園景與個人形象進行更緊密的結合。最後，米萬鍾再將「勺園圖」轉換成複製生產的「米家燈」，從此可推測出（傳）米萬鍾《勺園紀圖》出現的契機。「米家燈」的製作改變了原先吳、米創作勺園圖的使用脈絡，不僅促成「米家四奇」──園、燈、石、童的建立，使勺園則是唯一一座集結「米家四奇」的園林，更讓勺園和勺園圖的名聲不限於米萬鍾的文人交遊圈，在一般大眾間也擁有高知名度。從吳彬到米萬鍾繪製的勺園圖，再從「勺園圖」到「米家燈」的製作，勺園圖不單是再現園林實景，更彙整米萬鍾各種文化形象，使勺園與米萬鍾個人形象緊密相連，成為強化他身為晚明奇士的重要載體，同時是我們認識米萬鍾的重要樞紐。本論文冀能透過勺園的個案研究，對明代北京的城市園林有更深入的了解，並提供一個可能的途徑，思索晚明園林文化在北方與江南城市文化中，分別產生的作用與互動關係。This thesis focuses on the three paintings which represent xiu-xi activities held by Mi Wanzhong (after 1554 -1631) at Shao Garden in Beijing. The aim of this study is to outline the process of how Mi Wanzhong shapes the space culture of Shao Garden and his culture images by reconstructing the garden design and the context of paintings. First, the close relationship between Shao Garden and xiu-xi activities illustrates how Mi Wanzhong designs Shao Garden as Northern Orchid Pavilion and pursues the romantic (feng-liu) mood of xiu-xi activities at Orchid Pavilion held by Wang Xi-zhi. After finishing designing Shao Garden, Mi Wanzhong invited Wu Bin who is his intimate friend in Buddism belief to draw the first painting called “Fu-xi at the Shao Garden.” This painting emphasizes the unique Qu-shui landscape and projects Mi Wanzhong’s preferences and personal images into spatial quadrant of the garden scenery. At next step, Mi Wanzhong modified Wu Bin’s painting and drew a new one, “Xiu-xi at the Shao Garden.” Mi Wanzhong combines his images and the garden landscape more tightly than Wu Bin. Finally, Mi Wanzhong applied the copies of paintings to make the lanterns of Mi Family. It can be inferred why another painting attributed to Mi Wanzhong appears. Moreover, the production of “The Lanterns of Mi Family” not only alters the original use context of painting, but also stimulates the establishment of “Four Wonders of the Mi Family” ─ ─ Gardens, Lanterns, Rocks, Actors. Shao Garden becomes the only garden including “Four Wonders of the Mi Family.” Furthermore, “The Lanterns of Mi Family” lead to the high reputation of Shao Garden and paintings from the circle of literary spread to the public. As a result, the paintings of Shao Garden are not only the representations of the garden, but also the carrier of Mi Wanzhong’s culture images. He strengthens his idol as a unique figure in late Ming by paintings. His intentions let those paintings become the best way to understand Mi Wanzhong. This case study will help to know an outlook of gardens in Beijing City in Ming Dynasty and will offer a feasible approach to compare the agent and interaction of garden culture in the cities of both the North and the South area in late Ming
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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