1,720,957 research outputs found
Differences in Total Yield and Physicochemical Attributes of Virgin Coconut Oil from Coconut Milk Demulsification using Direct Heating and Microwave Heating
Get PDFThe objective of the present study is to determine the total yield and physicochemical properties of virgin coconut oil (VCO) extracted from coconut milk using controlled direct heating and microwave heating. The heating temperature for the controlled direct heating method was 90 ÌŠC for the first hour of heating and maintained at 60 ÌŠC once the oil began to separate from the coconut protein until the demulsification was over. In the microwave heating method, coconut milk was heated at medium microwave power level (500W) for 30 minutes at 5 minutes intervals. The heating process for both methods was stopped before the proteinaceous latik turned brown. The recovered oils were subjected to four standard analyses for accessing the quality of VCO, which are moisture content (MC), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV) and acid value (%FFA). The percentage of oil yield and time taken during heating process for the controlled direct heating and microwave heating methods showed significant differences where the highest oil recovery (23.83%) with the shortest time taken (15.33 minutes) was given by the microwave heating method. There were no significant differences in the physicochemical properties of VCO extracted from both heating methods. By comparing the quality of the experimental VCOs to a commercial VCO, the VCO extracted from the controlled direct heating and microwave heating methods had no significant differences (p >0.05) than the commercial VCO. The present obtained results would be useful for micro and small-scale enterprises to correctly apply the heating methods in producing a high quality VCO commercially.
Keywords: Virgin coconut oil, coconut milk, demulsification, direct heating, microwave heatin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Characteristic of Isotonic Drink Incorporated with Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Extract
Get PDFRoselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) extract is a rich nutrient containing vitamins and antioxidants, but it remains underutilized in the food and beverage industries. This study aimed to explore the potential of roselle extract as a main ingredient in isotonic drinks, a commercially viable product. Four roselle-isotonic drink formulations were prepared, varying in sugar and salt types and concentrations. Then, each of formulation was further processed into carbonated and non-carbonated samples. Physicochemical parameters (osmolarity, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solid and colour) and sensory characteristics were analyzed. There was significant difference in the values for osmolarity, pH, titratable acidity and total soluble solid, while no significant difference was observed in colour. Results showed that simple sugars like glucose and fructose led to higher osmolarity values, while carbonation was associated with increased acidity and lower pH. Sensory evaluation revealed that carbonated roselle isotonic drinks were generally preferred, with formulation with sucrose receiving the highest overall rating. These findings show that roselle extract has potential as a main ingredient, serving as both a natural flavor and color agent in isotonic drinks
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