1,721,122 research outputs found
Editorial [Hot Topic:Cell Metabolism as Therapeutic Target in Human Disease (Executive Guest Editors: Walter Malorni and Rosa Vona)]
No full textDynamics of lipid raft components during lymphocyte apoptosis: The paradigmatic role of GD3
No full textSeveral investigations have been carried out since many years in order to precisely address the function of lipid rafts in cell life and death. On the basis of the biochemical nature of lipid rafts, composed by sphingolipids, including gangliosides, sphingomyelin, cholesterol and signaling proteins, a plethora of possible interactions with various subcellular structures has been suggested. Their structural and functional role at the plasma membrane as well as in cell organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus has been analyzed in detail in several studies. In particular, a specific activity of lipid rafts has been hypothesized to contribute to cell death by apoptosis. Although detected in various cell types, the role of lipid rafts in apoptosis has however been mostly studied in lymphocytes where the physiological apoptotic program occurs after CD95/Fas triggering. In this review, the possible contribution of lipid rafts to the cascade of events leading to T cell apoptosis after CD95/Fas ligation are summarized. Particular attention has been given to the mitochondrial raft-like microdomains, which may represent preferential sites where some key reactions can take place and can be catalyzed, leading to either survival or death of T cells. © 2007 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC
Efficacy of trimetazidine on functional capacity in symptomatic patients with stable exertional angina ? The VASCO-angina study
No full textThe Red Blood Cell as a Gender-Associated Biomarker in Metabolic Syndrome: A Pilot Study
No full textIn the present pilot study (56 patients), some red blood cell parameters in samples from patients with metabolic syndrome and subclinical atherosclerosis, but without any sign of coronary artery disease, have been analyzed. The main goal of this work was to determine, in this preclinical state, new peripheral gender-associated bioindicators of possible diagnostic or prognostic value. In particular, three different “indicators” of red blood cell injury and aging have been evaluated: glycophorin A, CD47, and phosphatidylserine externalization. Interestingly, all these determinants appeared significantly modified and displayed gender differences. These findings could provide novel and useful hints in the research for gender-based real-time bioindicators in the progression of metabolic syndrome towards coronary artery disease. Further, more extensive studies are, however, necessary in order to validate these findings
Ganglioside GD3 as a raft component in cell death regulation
No full textSubcellular organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex are involved in the progression of cell death program. Recent evidence unveils that Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis induces scrambling of mitochondrial and secretory organelles via a global alteration of membrane traffic that is modulated by apical caspases. On the basis of the biochemical nature of lipid rafts, composed by sphingolipids, including gangliosides and sphingomyelin, cholesterol and signaling proteins, it has been suggested that they are part of this traffic and can participate in cell remodelling leading to cell death program execution. Although detected in various cell types, the role of lipid rafts in apoptosis has been mostly studied in T cells, where the physiological apoptotic program occurs through CD95/Fas. In this review, the possible contribution of lipid rafts to the cascade of events leading to T cell apoptosis after CD95/Fas ligation is summarized. We focused on the paradigmatic component of rafts GD3, which can proceed from the cell plasma membrane (and/or from trans Golgi network) to the mitochondria via a microtubule-dependent mechanism. This transport may be regulated by CLIPR-59, a new CLIP-170-related protein, involved in the regulation of microtubule dynamics. Particular attention has been given to mitochondrial raft-like microdomains, which may represent preferential sites where key reactions take place. Indeed, GD3, by interacting with mitochondrial raft-like microdomains, may trigger specific events involved in the apoptogenic program, including mitochondria hyperpolarization and depolarization, fission-associated changes, megapore formation and release of apoptogenic factors. These findings introduce an additional task for identifying new molecular target(s) of anti-cancer agents
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Cardiolipin-enriched raft-like microdomains are essential activating platforms for apoptotic signals on mitochondria
No full textCardiolipin (CL) has recently been shown to provide an anchor and an essential activating platform for caspase-8 on mitochondria. We hypothesize that these platforms may correspond to "raft-like" microdomains, which have demonstrated to be detectable on mitochondrial membrane of cells undergoing apoptosis. The role for CL in "raft-like" microdomains could be to anchor caspase-8 at contact sites between inner and outer membranes, facilitating its self-activation, Bid cleavage and apoptosis execution. The role played by "raft-like" microdomains in the apoptotic program could introduce a new task in the pathogenetic studies on human diseases associated with cardiolipin dismetabolism. (c) 2009 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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