1,720,977 research outputs found
Massively multi-author hybrid artificial intelligence
Full text linkBiological intelligences often consist of many different, complex systems working together, rather than a single mechanism capable of solving every problem. It may be that artificial intelligence requires a composition of multiple, diverse systems; perhaps more than any one individual or one research group can create or even
understand.
This dissertation presents an architecture for hosting and efficiently running user-submitted programs (minds) intended to solve particular problems (worlds), and
to facilitate the assembly of these problem-solving minds into larger scale systems of hybrid minds which query an existing set of minds (which we call subminds) for their suggested actions. These subminds may be hosted on the same machine or remotely, across the Internet. They may have been written by many different authors, with each program intended either as a complete solution to the problem, or with an eye toward its re-use in a modular fashion. Even if a program is written and intended as a complete, independent solution to the problem, that need not preclude its inclusion in a larger, hierarchical hybrid program. In other words, the architecture
presented forms a platform for building hybrid artificial intelligence systems using other people's code.
The dissertation also presents and evaluates a method for automatically combining minds (which may have been written by different authors) for use in a hybrid mind, by performing a statistical analysis of the observed performance of each mind program in a collection of minds submitted by third parties competing to solve two different types of problem
Epigenetic modelling
No full textThe field of epigenetics looks at changes in the chromosomal structure that affect gene expression without altering DNA sequence. A large-scale modelling project to better understand these mechanisms is gaining momentum.\ud
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Early advances in genetics led to the all-genetic paradigm: phenotype (an organism's characteristics/behaviour) is determined by genotype (its genetic make-up). This was later amended and expressed by the well-known formula P = G + E, encompassing the notion that the visible characteristics of a living organism (the phenotype, P) is a combination of hereditary genetic factors (the genotype, G) and environmental factors (E). However, this method fails to explain why in diseases such as schizophrenia we still observe differences between identical twins. Furthermore, the identification of environmental factors (such as smoking and air quality for lung cancer) is relatively rare. The formula also fails to explain cell differentiation from a single fertilized cell.\ud
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In the wake of early work by Waddington, more recent results have emphasized that the expression of the genotype can be altered without any change in the DNA sequence. This phenomenon has been tagged as epigenetics. To form the chromosome, DNA strands roll over nucleosomes, which are a cluster of nine proteins (histones), as detailed in Figure 1. Epigenetic mechanisms involve inherited alterations in these two structures, eg through attachment of a functional group to the amino acids (methyl, acetyl and phosphate). These 'stable alterations' arise during development and cell proliferation and persist through cell division. While information within the genetic material is not changed, instructions for its assembly and interpretation may be. Modelling this new paradigm, P = G + E + EpiG, is the object of our study
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sending cryptocurrency over mobile applications
Full text linkWith the growth of digital assets known as cryptocurrency, where there is no central authority to process a transaction, anyone in the world can participate and start sharing assets with other parties.
Today, chat applications have billions of active users [Statista, 2018a] messaging text, audio, images and video. Transacting with cryptocurrency could be as intuitive and simple as sending a simple message, where users could send and track their cryptocurrency while seamlessly chatting with other users.
Users still need to access third-party services and entrust their credentials
to these services in order to have their requests processed. This exposes the users to potentially malicious parties intercepting and manipulating their
transactions. If the users were to have control over their assets locally, security flaws would be drastically reduced and transactions simplified on the user’s device.
In order to allow users to manage their assets in a more secure way, their
data would need to be locally stored in a safer manner such that it would
only be accessible by the owner.
The solution is to provide a functional mobile chat application on the user’s
device that can be used to interact with and manage cryptocurrency using
the Ethereum platform. Users do not require any previous knowledge about
the platform or cryptocurrencies and this solution will allow them to take
advantage of the opportunities that cryptocurrencies afford.
Using the Ethereum platform, the solution application will have its own local
node connected to the network, which will allow users to manage accounts,
receive and send assets to other users and monitor the status of their assets while chatting
Unidirectional circular dataflow architecture for real-time updates
Full text linkUnidirectional Circular Dataflow Architecture for Real-Time
Updates
The capability to present data in real-time is an essential feature to be considered
when architecting modern web applications. Examination of the origin, progress and
obstacles of web applications reveals how it influenced the current state of how web
applications are implemented to deliver data in real-time. This research aims to investigate
an alternative and reproducible approach to address real-time, moving away from
outdated requisites and not extending existing implementations. When considering
real-time systems, how to build an architecture that satisfies its requirements?
Based on the review of the literature, understanding the current context of web applications
and exploring available libraries and frameworks, an architecture is proposed
broken down in layers that are responsible for ensuring each of the real-time system’s
requisites. An open source library is implemented developed to wrap and abstract the
implementation of the unidirectional flow. The results show that not only the unidirectional
data flow architecture is theoretically superior addressing such requisites, but
also more maintainable. Further research is needed to run more comparisons, also to
explore the usage of this approach outside the scope of the web applications
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Report of TWG IIoT & Edge: Landscape of Edge Computing Standards
No full textThe goal of this report is to capture the landscape of edge computing activities and edge computing documents/specifications published and/or under publication by SDOs, Alliances and OSS Initiatives.
The report was produced by the Technical Working Group TWG-IIoT & EDGE established under the remit of the EU-funded StandICT.eu 2023 project. The TWG operates in full autonomy and transparency.
Read the rest of the StandICT.eu 2023 reports here: https://www.standict.eu/landscape-analysis-report
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