1,721,001 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cannabis-alcohol co-use protects from drinking regret without increasing harms
No full textHeavy episodic drinking, defined as three drinks consumed on a single occasion in females and four drinks in males, is a prevalent and dangerous behaviour. It is becoming increasingly common for cannabis to be co-used with alcohol such that the psychoactive effects of the two substances overlap. Research has indicated that the association between cannabis-alcohol co-use and short-term harms may be complicated by third variable factors such as number of drinks, but further research is needed to understand these complexities. Additionally, little is known about how co-use relates to other short-term outcomes beyond harms such as injury or embarrassment. The present study sought to explore the mechanisms by which co-use relates to harm through indirect pathways of number of drinks and psychoactive effects. Furthermore, co-use was investigated in relation to next-day regret and achievement of intended outcomes of cannabis and alcohol use. Ecological momentary assessment methodology was used to collect observations longitudinally among young adults in Canada. At the end of a drinking event, participants completed a validated measure to assess alcohol related stimulation and sedation psychoactive effects. The following morning, participants reported on harms, co-use with cannabis, drinks, regret, and intention fulfilment. Co-use was found to be moderated by number of drinks such that co-use was increasingly protective of harms as additional drinks were consumed. Moreover, co-use was associated with significantly less regret relative to when alcohol was consumed without cannabis. Finally, among participants that reported motivation to engage in cannabis- or alcohol-use for the purposes of enhancement, coping, and socializing, co-use was found to better achieve these outcomes compared to alcohol-use alone. Together, these findings indicate that co-use is no more harmful than alcohol-use alone, and at extreme levels of drinking is associated with protective outcomes. Contemporary harm reduction guidelines are designed to discourage cannabis-alcohol co-use with the intention of reducing harm. Findings suggest that empirically informed approaches should focus reduction strategies on drinks, rather than co-use. Future research should aim to investigate potential protective effects of co-use to determine contexts where co-use may be harm-reducing.Arts and Social Sciences, Irving K. Barber Faculty of (Okanagan)Psychology, Department of (Okanagan)Graduat
Assessment of the acute psychoactive effects of naturalistic cannabis use : a validation of the naturalistic cannabis administration protocol (NCAP)
No full textConcerns about the impact of acute cannabis use on cognition are significant and widespread. Following legalization in 2018, Canadian federal health messaging emphasized the cognitive impacts of cannabis use and extrapolated from research that was conducted in a laboratory-based setting. These settings have long been recognized as producing measurable changes in physiology (e.g., white coat hypertension), emotionality (e.g., increased anxiety), and cognition (e.g., decreased cognitive performance). Drug use is particularly sensitive to the contextual cues present in lab-based studies. Moreover, among people who use drugs, these settings are often associated with higher levels of perceived stigma. Taken together, these factors question the generalizability of extant findings on cannabis and cognition. This apparent disconnect mandates the development of new research paradigms. The Naturalistic Cannabis Administration Protocol (NCAP) is an attempt to develop a more ecologically valid methodology to study acute effects of cannabis. In the present study, participants (N = 28; M age = 21.82, SD = 2.26) self-administered cannabis via inhalation and underwent a cognitive assessment via video conference. Within-subject assessment of cognitive function during a no-cannabis control versus directly following cannabis use revealed no differences in immediate verbal recall (F(1, 27) = .28, p = .60), delayed verbal memory (F(1, 27) = 2.73, p = .11), working memory and attention (F(1, 27) = .60, p = .45), processing speed (F(1, 27) = .88, p = .36), or verbal fluency (F(1, 27) = 1.62, p = .22). Results demonstrated support for the feasibility and acceptability of the NCAP in a sample of adult cannabis users. When given an option, participants predicted that they would prefer the at-home administration of cannabis over a lab-based administration. Findings suggest that when cannabis is used by regular cannabis users in a naturalistic setting cognitive function is equivalent to their no-cannabis baseline.Arts and Social Sciences, Irving K. Barber Faculty of (Okanagan)Psychology, Department of (Okanagan)Graduat
Cannabis under the influence of yoga : the impact of mindful movement on well-being outcomes after cannabis use
No full textThe prevalence of cannabis use in Canada is high, and there is increasing discussion around the therapeutic use of cannabis to enhance well-being and address mental health concerns. Clinical research and anecdotal reports are equivocal and inconsistent, with both positive and negative impacts on mental health reported. In studies of other psychoactive drugs used therapeutically (i.e., psychedelics) there is considerable attendance to extra-pharmacological factors during the drug experience, as it is well-known that such contextual factors can significantly impact clinical outcomes. In this study, 47 participants self-administered cannabis via the Naturalistic Cannabis Administration Protocol (NCAP) under two conditions that took place one week apart. After consuming cannabis, participants completed a 45-minute yoga practice, and in the control condition participated in activities as usual for 45 minutes (e.g., what they would normally do when high). Within-subjects assessment of well-being outcomes indicated significant improvements in mysticality of experience (F(1,46) = 19.82, p <.001, ηₚ = .30) and state mindfulness (F(1,46) = 34.08, p <.001, ηₚ= .43) following the yoga condition, and no difference in state affect. Results demonstrated that contextual factors can impact well-being outcomes following cannabis administration. These findings suggest that paying attention to contextual factors and providing guidelines for therapeutic cannabis users may improve clinical outcomes when using cannabis to support mental health and well-being.Arts and Social Sciences, Irving K. Barber Faculty of (Okanagan)Psychology, Department of (Okanagan)Graduat
Interpersonal assessment of Borderline Personality Disorder: preliminary findings
No full textWe examined the reliability and validity of scores on an interpersonal measure of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Ratings on the Interpersonal Measure of Borderline Personality Disorder (IM–B) were based on nonverbal behaviors and interpersonal interactions occurring during clinical interviews with 276 adults. Scores on the IM–B exhibited good reliability. IM–B scores also displayed expected patterns of associations with scores on other measures of BPD, as well as with scores on measures of affective dysfunction, interpersonal pathology, and behavioral impairment associated with BPD, including indexes of maladaptive emotion regulation, interpersonal sensitivity, and self-harm. The pattern of associations for IM–B scores was quite similar to what would be expected for a dimensional measure of BPD symptoms. Scores on the IM–B were also associated with symptoms of disorders generally comorbid with BPD. Finally, IM–B scores contributed incrementally to the prediction of interpersonal dysfunction and suicidal ideation and behavior. Discussion focuses on implications for the assessment of BPD
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