816 research outputs found
Scoring games fairly: Biases and interference in games based assessment
No full textGaming is an interactive medium that has much in common with education. Both games and good classroom practice are learning environments, with overall objectives, scaffolded progression, checks along the way, and regular, purposeful feedback. Games also provide a space to practice complex skills such as collaboration, or managing a system. These skills are rarely directly assessed in compulsory education because they are difficult to evidence efficiently. Games are fun learning environments for many children, and they could provide a means to resolve this problem. However, the structure of gaming data is not aligned to many assessment analysis methods. Gaming data is conditionally dependent, there are continuous variables as well as categorical and dichotomous responses, there is often more than one possible proxy for ability, and there are very large amounts of data missing. Aspects that assessors traditionally force to be constants, such as the number of attempts or the response time, become variables in games, and it is important to know their limitations and worth as variables. This interdisciplinary study looks at these problems in scoring performance in games. It uses a quantitative methodology, with a case study secondary data set from MangaHigh. MangaHigh is a website with a range of dynamic maths games for primary and secondary aged learners, and over a million children were using the site at the time of data extraction. Using a sample data set, chosen by criterion sampling, the impact of missing data, response times and additional attempts was explored through insights and methods from Item Response Theory (IRT) and other quantitative analysis techniques. Demographic data also helped to contextualize the findings and inform decision-making. In the analysis, choice of game mechanics were found to have an impact on the extent and nature of missing data, which was found to have a complex relationship with the target variable, ability. The choice of measure, such as mean, recency-weighted mean, high score or most recent score was found to be central to determining the grade. Several issues when the child competed against a human or bot competitor or collaborator were identified. Response time functioned as a context variable to define valid attempts, helping to identify non-targeted behaviours such as browsing, conceding or wandering off. As gamers have suggested, response time appeared to also function as a proxy for ability, but there does not seem to be a linear relationship between ability and time. Instead, ‘speed’ seems to be the proxy, and this was found to be a function of the response time, the child, the game and also the band score and game mechanics. Outside of an optimal range, short response times could act as a confounding variable. There was evidence that some stability of performance may also act a proxy of ability. Finally, adding a familiarity weighting when a child comes back for a second attempt proved problematic, but a novelty weighting for early attempts can work. Having said that, although games became easier with each subsequent attempt, evidence from the first attempt playing appears unreliable, and the data has features that are characteristic of guessing behaviour. Although a large number of problems were identified, this analysis also found some clear ways forward to adjust the assessment and games design, and the collection of data to make scores from games more meaningful and reduce bias in the scoring process. On the basis of this study, there are many design choices that could improve or deteriorate the quality of data gathered in gaming environments
Measuring optimism bias among military personnel
No full textHigh numbers of young military personnel die due to road traffic collisions (RTCs). Yet, there is a paucity of research related to the contributing factors (i.e., optimism bias and willingness to take risks) associated with RTCs and the examination of road safety education program tailored at reducing young military fatalities. In order to address this gap in the literature, we examined one specific road safety educational intervention tailored for the UK military personnel and investigated their attitudes towards the program, optimism bias and willingness to take risks. Measures evaluating their optimism bias, willingness to take risks and attitudes towards the program were asked after the participants attended the road safety interventions. The results revealed that young military personnel, aged 18-25, had higher optimism bias and willingness to take risks compared to older military personnel, and that this effect diminishes with age. The results provide importance evidence related to military personnel’s attitudes to risk-taking
Reducing optimism bias in the driver’s seat: comparing two interventions
No full textOptimism bias combined with sensation-seeking and risky driving have been proposed to be the main contributing factors to young drivers’ involvement in road traffic collisions. The present study aimed to evaluate how two brief interventions, one based on an unambiguous definition of “good” driving and the other on a hazard perception test, might reduce young drivers’ optimism bias. One hundred and twenty-eight university students were randomly allocated to one of three groups: standard definition, hazard perception or control. Measures evaluating optimism bias were completed before and after the intervention, and questions regarding their sensation-seeking and past risk-taking tendencies were asked at follow-up. Both brief interventions reduced optimism bias levels, but hazard perception had the strongest effect. The effectiveness of the two interventions also differed across individuals depending on their sensation-seeking and past risky driving tendencies. The results provide evidence for the effectiveness of brief interventions to reduce optimism bias
Harpur Palate Volume 23, Issue 2
No full textContributors: Wendy BooydeGraff | Soramimi Hanarejima | L Mari Harris | Elizabeth Rosen | Karen Regen Tuero | Francis Walsh | Michele Zimmerman | Brittany Atkinson | Joselyn Busato| Sam Campbell | Rosa Crepax | Lindsay D\u27Andrea | Clare Flanagan | Ella Harrigan | Sierra Hixton | Sean Madden | Allie Stokes | Brian Benson | Rivka Clifton | Mea Cohen | Melinda Combs | Kiana Govani | Vivian Calderon Bogoslavsky | Shae Meyer | Hallie Fogarty | Ali Beheler | John Blair | Isra Cheem
An ethnography of tourism and traditional Irish music in Doolin, Ireland
No full textThis thesis is an ethnographic study of the complex interplay between tourism and traditional Irish music based on fourteen months of fieldwork in Doolin, County Clare, Ireland between June 2002 and August 2003. The historical development of traditional Irish music and the localised tourist industry have become conjoined during the last three decades, and as a result the music and the idea of Doolin as a 'place' have become institutionalised and consolidated. This has further led to the development of a complex socioeconomic structure surrounding the music, its performance, and its commercialisation and consumption. The local social structure has also become complicated and internationalised. Specifically, the locale has seen a significant growth in the 'incomer' population, called 'blow-ins'. Blow-ins in this case have in fact become the inheritors and propagators of the local music scene, but this causes surprisingly little cognitive dissonance or tension between locals and incomers. This is despite the fact that the music is the raison d'etre of the local tourism industry. I propose that those incomers who successfully inherit and propagate the local music become assets to the cultural capital of the village, not a drain on it. Moreover, I suggest that the 'authenticity' of the music is not an ascribed quality but interdependently related to social status, seasonality, one’s relationship with the music, context, and phenomenologically inter subjective relations. By means of holistic anthropological research, this thesis attempts to refine our understanding of complex social relations in touristed destinations, the appropriation of musical 'traditions', and sharpen current anthropological theories surrounding the issues of 'authenticity' and globalisation
Clare data
No full textSequences generated from guano collected from the bat Myotis lucifugus. Please contact the corresponding author for details regarding the appropriate use of these data
Cryptic Species? Patterns of Maternal and Paternal Gene Flow in Eight Neotropical Bats
No full textPMCID: PMC3144194This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
The translation of dialogues in suspense novels: a personal translation of Elizabeth Day's "Magpie"
No full textopenLo scopo della presente tesi è analizzare le dinamiche dei dialoghi nei romanzi di suspense (thriller), in particolare le problematiche principali che il traduttore deve affrontare nel processo di traduzione da una lingua all'altra (in questo caso dall'inglese all'italiano). Attraverso l'analisi della traduzione personale di alcuni stralci del thriller psicologico / domestic noir "Magpie" dell'autrice inglese Elizabeth Day, si dimostrara come la teoria della traduzione può essere applicata alla traduzione dei dialoghi. Si tenta anche di sottolineare come la traduzione dei dialoghi sia importante per mantenere un alto livello di tensione nei romanzi appartenenti a questo genere.The aim of this thesis is to understand the dynamics of dialogues in suspense novels, in particular the main issues the translator might have to face during the translation from one language into another one (in this case from English into Italian). Through the analysis of the personal translation of some dialogue excerpts from the psychological thriller/domestic noir "Magpie" by the British author Elizabeth Day, I would like to show how the theory of translation can be applied to the translation of dialogues. I will also try to underline the importance of the translation of dialogues to maintain a high level of tension in the narration of this genre
Correction to: ‘It is designed for everybody to find their own level and to improve themselves’; views of older people and instructors of the Falls Management Exercise (FaME) programme
No full textLeher Gumber, Stephen Timmons, Carol Coupland, John R. F. Gladman, Steve Iliffe, Denise Kendrick, Natasher Lafond, Pip Logan, Tahir Masud, Dawn A. Skelton, Clare Timblin, Elizabeth Orton, 'It is designed for everybody to find their own level and to improve themselves'; views of older people and instructors of the Falls Management Exercise (FaME) programme, Age and Ageing, Volume 51, Issue 2, February 2022, afac023, https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afac023 In the originally published version of this manuscript, Clare Timblin was omitted from the author list in error. This error has been corrected online.</p
Clare data
No full textSequences generated from guano collected from the bat Myotis lucifugus. Please contact the corresponding author for details regarding the appropriate use of these data
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