4,621 research outputs found
Charles E. Marsh, (1858), purchased by Mr. Guy R. Marsh on October 1, 1946.
No full textDocuments regarding the double headstone for Charles E. Marsh, (1858), buried with Maud M. Marsh, (1866-1946), purchased by Mr. Guy R. Marsh. The marker was placed at Forest Cemetery in Toledo, Ohio. The stone is made of century with Polish slant, Balance Rock pitched having Sandblast letters
Exploring the psychological factors involved in the Ladbroke Grove rail accident
Full text linkTen years after the event and the question as to exactly why a driver passed a signal at danger to cause the Ladbroke Grove rail disaster is still an open one. This paper uses the literature on human error and cognition, combined with critical path analysis, to provide further insight. Five aspects of train operation are drawn out of the known facts surrounding the incident: custom and practice in the use of the Driver's Reminder Appliance, operation and use of the Automatic Warning System, the sequence of signalling information, methods of supplying route information, and speed restrictions. Associated with each are several important human factors issues which, combined, give rise to five potential explanations. Critical path analysis is used to map these explanations onto the known facts of the situation. It is suggested that the proximal cause of the Ladbroke Grove rail crash was a combination of an association–activation error and a mode error (leading the driver to mistakenly assume he had activated the Reminder Appliance) together with a loss-of-activation error (the driver failing to remember that a previous signal was showing caution) and a data-driven-activation error (by associating an in-cab warning to the wrong external source). The findings support the original inquiry recommendations, but also go further into predictive methods of detecting problems at the human/transport system interfac
Spectacular Developments: Guy Debord's Parapolitical Turn
No full textFollowing the attacks of September 11th, 2001, Guy Debord’s concept of ‘the
spectacle’ re-emerged in the work of a variety of theorists as a critical prism through
which the attacks and subsequent ‘War on Terror’ could be approached. Debord’s
first book on the spectacle (1967) was written in the context of France’s post-war
boom; his later reflections, contained in a series of minor works written throughout
the seventies and eighties, are heavily influenced by Italy’s ‘Years of Lead’ and a
broader geopolitical climate of armed struggle, terrorism, counter-insurgency and
espionage. Nearly all post-9/11 invocations of Debord’s concept draw on the version
elucidated in Debord’s 1967 book, with its emphasis on commodity fetishism,
ideology, and alienation, and fail to engage his later work and its focus on terrorism,
secrecy, and conspiracy. Among those that do in fact reference Debord’s later work
are several writers whose work could pejoratively be labelled ‘conspiracy theory’.
Looking at Debord’s oeuvre as whole, and investigating how it combines a critique of
late capitalism in its totality with parapolitcal concerns of ‘systemic clandestinity’,
Spectacular Developments: Guy Debord’s Parapolitical Turn provides a bolstered
conception of the spectacle that aims to reconfigure the conceptual foundations of this
debate. This conception of the spectacle allows one to approach the 9/11 attacks and
all that followed in their wake with both a precision and a breadth lacking in these
other works, demonstrating the superficiality of readings that make the concept
synonymous with the mass media or that attempt to unravel nefarious conspiracies of
power. Simultaneously, this approach foregrounds the epistemological and strategic
challenges faced by researchers, politicians and activists working in and on the
society of the spectacle
The psychology of driving automation: A discussion with Professor Don Norman
No full textIntroducing automation into automobiles had inevitable consequences for the driver and driving. Systems that automate longitudinal and lateral vehicle control may reduce the workload of the driver. This raises questions of what the driver is able to do with this 'spare' attentional capacity. Research in our laboratory suggests that there is unlikely to be any spare capacity because the attentional resources are not 'fixed'. Rather, the resources are inextricably linked to task demand. This paper presents some of the arguments for considering the psychological aspects of the driver when designing automation into automobiles. The arguments are presented in a conversation format, based on discussions with Professor Don Norman. Extracts from relevant papers to support the arguments are presented
Phase space shifts in command structures in networked systems
No full textThis paper presents the rationale behind an important enhancement to the NATO SAS-050 approach space, combined with empirical results which take advantage of these enhancements. In Part 1 a new theoretical legacy for the NATO model is presented. This legacy inspires a number of developments which allow live data to be plotted into it, and we demonstrate that the model is well able to discriminate between alternative C2 structures. Part 2 illustrates this feature with multinational data from the ELICIT community. It is surprising to see that teams in both C2 and Edge conditions operate in broadly the same area of the phase space cube. The structure of the pre-ordained ELICIT ‘classic C2’ hierarchy and the deterministic nature of the shared task are put forward as explanations for this, and as future enhancements to the ELICIT paradigm
In loco intellegentia: Human factors for the future European train driver
No full textThe European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) represents a step change in technology for rail operations in Europe. It comprises track-to-train communications and intelligent on-board systems providing an unprecedented degree of support to the train driver. ERTMS is designed to improve safety, capacity and performance, as well as facilitating interoperability across the European rail network. In many ways, particularly from the human factors perspective, ERTMS has parallels with automation concepts in the aviation and automotive industries. Lessons learned from both these industries are that such a technology raises a number of human factors issues associated with train driving and operations. The interaction amongst intelligent agents throughout the system must be effectively coordinated to ensure that the strategic benefits of ERTMS are realised. This paper discusses the psychology behind some of these key issues, such as Mental Workload (MWL), interface design, user information requirements, transitions and migration and communications. Relevant experience in aviation and vehicle automation is drawn upon to give an overview of the human factors challenges facing the UK rail industry in implementing ERTMS technology. By anticipating and defining these challenges before the technology is implemented, it is hoped that a proactive and structured programme of research can be planned to meet them
Fratricide: defective decision making
No full textMotivation – to explore the applicability of a Human Factors methodology for the investigation of fratricide. Research approach – The EAST methodology was used to analyse an incident of fratricide and its ability to explore the Famous Five of Fratricide (F3) model was investigated. Findings/Design – the analysis revealed that EAST was able to provide explicit discussion of the Famous Five of Fratricide (F3) models five causal factors of communication, cooperation, coordination, schemata and situation awareness. Research limitations/Implications – the research explored a single case study and as such is couched at the initial phases of investigation. Originality/Value – the analysis provides a contribution to the knowledge urrounding fratricide both with respect to the novel application of the EAST methodology to an incident of fratricide, and also the causal factors identified by EAST within the fratricide incident. Take away message – the EAST methodology provides an innovative way of exploring causality in incidents of fratricide<br/
Maupassant contista traduzido em analogias brasileiras: paratextos
Full text linkTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Tradução, Florianópolis, 2014O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar os elementos paratextuais presentes em doze antologias, dos séculos XX e XXI, traduzidas no Brasil, de Guy de Maupassant, autor francês do século XIX, pretendendo revelar como o autor e sua obra são apresentados ao leitor brasileiro, através dos paratextos. Foram analisadas somente as antologias traduzidas com contos do autor francês, não considerando as publicações mistas. O principal referencial teórico abordado foi fundamentado nas reflexões de Gérard Genette (2009) e Marie-Hèléne C. Torres (2011).Abstract: The main objective of this work is to examine the paratextual elements in twelve anthologies of the French author Guy de Maupassant's short stories, translated and published in the 20th and 21st centuries in Brazil, in order to disclose how the writer and his oeuvre are presented to the Brazilian reader, through the use of paratexts. I analysed only the translated anthologies with short stories from the author himself; anthologies that had other authors as well were not considered. The main theoretical framework was based on the reflections of Gérard Genette (2009) and Marie-Hèléne C. Torres (2011)
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Mersenne numbers
No full textThese notes have been issued on a small scale in 1983 and 1987 and on request at other times. This issue follows two items of news. First, WaIter Colquitt and Luther Welsh found the 'missed' Mersenne prime M110503 and advanced the frontier of complete Mp-testing to 139,267. In so doing, they terminated Slowinski's significant string of four consecutive Mersenne primes. Secondly, a team of five established a non-Mersenne number as the largest known prime. This result terminated the 1952-89 reign of Mersenne primes. All the original Mersenne numbers with p < 258 were factorised some time ago. The Sandia Laboratories team of Davis, Holdridge & Simmons with some little assistance from a CRAY machine cracked M211 in 1983 and M251 in 1984. They contributed their results to the 'Cunningham Project', care of Sam Wagstaff. That project is now moving apace thanks to developments in technology, factorisation and primality testing. New levels of computer power and new computer architectures motivated by the open-ended promise of parallelism are now available. Once again, the suppliers may be offering free buildings with the computer. However, the Sandia '84 CRAY-l implementation of the quadratic-sieve method is now outpowered by the number-field sieve technique. This is deployed on either purpose-built hardware or large syndicates, even distributed world-wide, of collaborating standard processors. New factorisation techniques of both special and general applicability have been defined and deployed. The elliptic-curve method finds large factors with helpful properties while the number-field sieve approach is breaking down composites with over one hundred digits. The material is updated on an occasional basis to follow the latest developments in primality-testing large Mp and factorising smaller Mp; all dates derive from the published literature or referenced private communications. Minor corrections, additions and changes merely advance the issue number after the decimal point. The reader is invited to report any errors
and omissions that have escaped the proof-reading, to answer the unresolved questions noted and to suggest additional material associated with this subject
Sewing and quilting in alice walker the color purple "and everyday use": connection, disconnection, and emancipation
Full text linkDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários, Florianópolis, 2014Mulheres e escravos não tinham acesso à educação formal nos Estados Unidos no século XIX. Por outro lado, costurar era uma atividade obrigatória até mesmo para meninas da mais tenra infância. O exercício da costura proporcionava também resultados subjetivos, sendo prescrito para acalmar as mulheres quando se irritavam com os deveres domésticos. No entanto, as mulheres transformaram o peso das obrigações em oportunidade. Enquanto se encontravam para fazer quilts, elas se fortaleciam como grupo, discutindo tanto assuntos domésticos quanto públicos, como a confecção de uma colcha de núpcias ou o direito das mulheres ao voto. Assim, elas encontraram nas agulhas o meio de expressão negado na leitura e na escrita. À época do bicentenário da independência dos Estados Unidos, os quilts foram redescobertos pelos historiadores e pelo mundo da arte, e adquiriram o status de arte. O passo seguinte foi a descoberta da relação entre quilts e a escrita feminina, bem como a aplicabilidade dos quilts como metáfora da textualidade. Na segunda metade do século XX, o movimento feminista foi criticado por não contemplar as necessidades de todas as mulheres, mas dirigir-se a um grupo específico: mulheres brancas, da classe média e com educação formal. Em resposta, surgiu o conceito de interseccionalidade. Com relação à arte, Alice Walker tem abordado a questão da criatividade das mulheres negras nas gerações anteriores ao indagar como elas mantiveram viva a criatividade sem ler e escrever, e sem ter consciência da própria criatividade. As narrativas de Walker analisadas neste trabalho, The Color Purple e "Everyday Use", tratam a costura e o fazer quilts principalmente como atividades favoráveis ao fortalecimento dos relacionamentos interpessoais. Além disso, considera-se que essas atividades constituem instrumentos de expressão que contribuem para a descoberta da criatividade, das subjetividades e das identidades das personagens, e consequentemente, de seus respectivos processos de emancipação.Abstract: Women and slaves had no access to writing or reading in the United States in the nineteenth century. However, sewing was a mandatory activity even for very young girls. More than bedcovers, sewing also provided subjective results, being prescribed to compose women when they got irritated with their duties in domestic life. However, women turned the burden of duty into opportunity. While they met to quilt, they grew stronger as a group. They discussed domestic as well as public issues, ranging from the confection of a bridal quilt to women's suffrage. Then, they found in their needles the medium for the expression they lacked in writing and reading. At the event of the Independence Bicentennial, quilts were rediscovered by historians and the art world, and acquired status of art. The next step was the discovery of the relationship between quilting and women's writing, as well as its applicability as a metaphor for textuality. Together with the rediscovery of quilts, the feminist movement in the second half of the twentieth century was criticized for not addressing all women's needs, being directed to a specific group: white, middle class, educated women. As a response, the concept of intersectionality emerged. Concerning art, Alice Walker has approached the issue of creativity of black women in the previous generations by asking how they could keep alive their creativity, once they could not read or write. Walker also states that these black women were not aware of their own creativity. Alice Walker's The Color Purple and "Everyday Use" analyzed in this research deal mainly with sewing and quilting as a favorable circumstance for the strengthening of interpersonal relationships. Also sewing and quilting act as instruments for the discovery and expression of the characters' own creativity and identity, and consequently, for their emancipation
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