122,180 research outputs found
Understanding attitudes towards scavengers implications for conservation action
No full textAbstract- Given that human attitudes towards many scavengers are negative, there is an urgency to understand which factors influence attitudes, to increase the effectiveness of conservation interventions. To investigate attitudes towards scavengers, comparative to sympatric predators, we undertook a questionnaire survey of 176 South African residents. We measured responses to 16 attitudinal questions (summed into two axes; affect (affection and emotional response) and utility (instrumental value)), towards eight locally occurring animals, four scavengers and four predators. There were significantly lower affect and utility scores for scavenger species and path analysis indicated affect scores were influenced by engagement with nature and vicarious experience, whereas vicarious experience and socio-economic group influenced utility. To improve attitudes towards scavengers new positive media and cultural narratives of scavengers are likely to be influential. Additionally, communities where the risk of conflict is high should be prioritised to enable both direct and indirect experience, and enhanced knowledge of scavengers.
Raw data in xlsx format in "Clean Master"
Questionnaire (Appendix 1) and Pictures (Appendix 2
Effects of varied lithology on soft-cliff recession rates
No full textGeomorphic modelling is a key method to understand the soft cliff recession process to predict future rates of retreat and responses to climate change. A range of process-based models have been used; however the influence of varied vertical lithology has yet to be quantified. This paper describes modifications to the 2D SCAPE (Soft Cliff and Platform Erosion) model, carried out to explore such interactions between vertical changes in cliff resistive strength and prevailing coastal conditions. As expected, weaker (/more resistant) layers lead to more (/less) rapid retreat. However, this effect is strongly influenced by the position of such layers relative to mean sea level, where the erosive potential is greatest. Moreover, model simulations reveal that layers of variable resistance give an asymmetric response in terms of both rates of retreat and the timeframe for the effect to be realised. For example, a reduction of material strength of 1/5 (in comparison to the remainder of the cliff) about mean sea level results in a rapid 130% increase in the rate of retreat in comparison to the introduction of a five times more resistant layer of the same characteristics. This variation in response can be attributed to the different magnitudes of feedback governing profile reshaping associated with the change in lithology. For example, the introduction of a weaker layer amplifies erosion through its greater erosive potential combined with steepening of the overlying section. The results have important implications for the management of coastal cliffs exhibiting variable stratigraphy, combined with the potential for future interactions with sea-level rise
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Dissipative Range Scaling of Higher Order Structure Functions for Velocity and Passive Scalars
No full textDifferently to Kolmogorov's second similarity hypothesis, we find that the 2n-th order velocity and scalar structure functions scale with n-th order moment of the energy dissipation and the scalar dissipation, respectively. The origins of this scaling are analyzed by the transport equations of the fourth order velocity and scalar increment moments and by direct numerical simulations
Numerical investigation of isolated filament motion in a realistic tokamak geometry
No full textThis paper presents a numerical investigation of isolated filament dynamics in a simulation geometry representative of the scrape-off layer (SOL) of the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) previously studied in Walkden et al 2013 (Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 55 105005). This paper focuses on the evolution of filament cross-sections at the outboard midplane and investigates the scaling of the centre of mass velocity of the filament cross-section with filament width and electron temperature.By decoupling the vorticity equation into even and odd parity components about the centre of the filament in the bi-normal direction parallel density gradients are shown to drive large velocities in the bi-normal (approximately poloidal) direction which scale linearly with electron temperature. In this respect increasing the electron temperature causes a departure of the filament dynamics from two-dimensional (2D) behaviours.Despite the strong impact of three-dimensional effects the radial motion of the filament is shown to be relatively well predicted by 2D scalings. The radial velocity is found to scale positively with both electron temperature and cross-sectional width, suggesting an inertially limited nature. Comparison with the two-region model (Myra et al 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 112502) achieves reasonable agreement when using a corrected parallel connection length due to the neglect of diamagnetic currents driven in the divertor region of the filament.Analysis of the transport of particles due to the motion of the filament shows that the background temperature has a weak overall effect on the radial particle flux whilst the filament width has a strong effect
Fast implementation of iterative adaptive approach for wideband unambiguous radar detection
No full textAccepted author manuscriptMicrowave Sensing, Signals & System
Ratio of n-6/n-3 in the diets of beef cattle
No full textEffects of feeding heat-treated canola (C), soybean (S) and flax (F) or mixtures on growth and slaughter characteristics, taste and fatty acid (FA) composition of beef tissue were investigated using 128 crossbred steers to determine the potential of improving the nutritional quality of beef for humans. For Trial 1 (48 steers), dietary treatments were: roasted C, extruded C, roasted S, extruded S, roasted F and extruded F. For Trial 2 (80 steers), the dietary treatments were: S:F (1:1), S:C (1:1), C:F (1:1) and S:F:C (1:1:1), and the oilseeds were processed either by roasting or extruding before mixing. Soybean meal and soybean oil were used to give equivalent lipid and protein contents to each experimental diet. The basal diet consisted of grass silage, barley grain, vitamins and minerals. Steers were fed for a minimum of 100d then slaughtered at a uniform degree of finish. Growth and slaughter characteristics of the steers were only slightly affected by dietary treatment in that the soybean-fed steers consumed more feed and had a higher average daily gain than the canola or flax-fed animals in Trial 1. There was no difference in taste panel parameters for any of the treatments. Inclusion of flax in the diet increased the total n-3 content of meat. Similar results were found for canola and C18:1n-9 although this was not the case for soybean and the n-6 FA. For the n-6 FA in the PL and neutral lipid fractions of the meat samples, levels were correlated with high dietary levels of n-6 or n-9 with low levels of n-3 while for the n-3 FA, levels were correlated with high dietary n-3 levels and low n-6 levels. Oilseed processing method did not have an effect on any fatty acid levels. It is possible to modify the FA composition of beef meat toward a healthier profile by including heat-treated oilseeds in the diet to influence the degree of lipid metabolism in the rumen.ID: S0377840111004007; M3: Article; Accession Number: S0377840111004007; Author: M.A. McNiven (a, ⁎); Author: J.L. Duynisveld (b); Author: T. Turner (a); Author: A.W. Mitchell (a); Affiliation: Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of PEI, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada C1A 4P3; Affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Nappan, NS, Canada B0L 1C0; Keyword: Oilseeds; Keyword: Roasted; Keyword: Extruded; Keyword: Fatty acids; Keyword: Healthy fat; Number of Pages: 11; Language: English
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