87 research outputs found
A Case of Down Syndrome Who Developed Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Report and Review of Literature
No full textNo abstract available.Image: Trisomy 21 chromosome - Down syndrome (Author: Alexey Ratnikov; Wikimedia Commons
Learning International Lessons: Dutch spatial planning in transition
No full textThis thesis researches two main aspects: the characteristics of (national) spatial strategies and how they can be transferred, to learn lessons for the next Dutch spatial planning strategy of 2018 (NOVI). Taking the objectives that have been formulated by NOVI in content, process and product as a starting point, a comparative study is made between the spatial strategies of California, Denmark, England, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand and Oregon. The comparative study leads to two main analyses: six key variables which show the key variations that exist in national spatial strategies in content, process and product; and a matrix which shows location specific innovations. Everything learned in the comparative study is tested in a demonstration in which the characteristics are replicated and applied onto the Dutch context to understand the level of transferability and the dependence on the context. The lessons learned for the research are formulated into a road map for NOVI, offering four recommendations to consider when creating NOVI, alongside a personal design proposal for what NOVI should look like based on the research conducted.Architecture and The Built EnvironmentUrbanis
TTF-1 Expression in Rectal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
No full textThyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is considered a highly sensitive and specific marker for primary lung adenocarcinoma. However, in recent years retrospective studies of tumor samples have confirmed that, although rare, TTF-1 can also be expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma. There are a few case reports of patients with TTF-1-positive colon adenocarcinoma in the medical literature but none of TTF-1-positive rectal adenocarcinoma. Here, we present a case of rectal adenocarcinoma with lung metastasis found to be TTF-1 positive on immunohistochemistry. A review and discussion of the available literature is also included
Passaging impact of H9N2 avian influenza virus in hamsters on its pathogenicity and genetic variability
No full textIntroduction: Avian influenza viruses of the H9N2 subtype have been reported to cause human infections. This study demonstrates the impact of nasal viral passaging of avian H9N2 in hamsters on its cross species-pathogenic adaptability and variability of amino acid sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) stalk. Methodology: Three intranasal passagings of avian H9N2 in hamsters P1, P2, and P3 were accomplished. Morbidity signs and lesions were observed three days post viral inoculation. The HA test was used for presumptive detection of H9N2 virus in the trachea and lungs of the hamsters challenged with the differently passaged viruses. Different primers were used for PCR amplification of the HA1 and NA stalk regions of the differently passaged H9N2 viruses, followed by sequence alignment. Results: The morbidity signs indicated low pathogenicity of the differently passaged H9N2 viruses in hamsters. The frequency of gross and microscopic lesions in the tracheas and lungs were insignificantly different among hamsters challenged with the differently passaged H9N2 viruses (p 0.05). There was 100percent similarity in the amino acid sequence of the HA gene of most passaged viruses. The amino acid sequence of the neuraminidase in the third passaged H9N2 virus recovered from lungs showed a R46P mutation that might have a role in the pathogenic adaptability of P3 viruses in hamsters' lungs. Conclusions: The apparent adaptation of avian H9N2 virus to mammalian cells is in agreement with the World Health Organization's alertness for a possible public health threat by this adaptable virus. © 2014 Shaib et al.[Anonymous], 2013, CONTR ER HIGHL PATH; Banet-Noach C, 2007, VIRUS GENES, V34, P157, DOI 10.1007-s11262-006-0057-9; Banks J, 2000, AVIAN PATHOL, V29, P353, DOI 10.1080-03079450050118485; Barbour EK, 2006, VET ITAL, V42, P13; Barbour Elie K, 2007, Vet Ital, V43, P33; Betts M.J., 2003, BIOINFORMATICS GENET, V317, P289; Bi JM, 2010, PLOS ONE, V5, DOI 10.1371-journal.pone.0013063; Daly JM, 2003, EQUINE VET J, V35, P458, DOI 10.2746-042516403775600433; Deng Y, 2009, VACCINE, V27, P2085, DOI 10.1016-j.vaccine.2009.02.003; Ewbank J, 2008, INNATE IMMUN-LONDON, P458; Gambaryan AS, 2004, VIROLOGY, V326, P310, DOI 10.1016-j.virol.2004.06.002; Gohrbandt S, 2011, J GEN VIROL, V92, P1843, DOI 10.1099-vir.0.031591-0; Govorkova EA, 2005, J VIROL, V79, P2191, DOI 10.1128-JVI.79.4.2191-2198.2005; Guo YJ, 2000, VIROLOGY, V267, P279, DOI 10.1006-viro.1999.0115; HEATH AW, 1983, ANTIVIR RES, V3, P241, DOI 10.1016-0166-3542(83)90003-7; Ilyushina NA, 2004, INT CONGR SER, V1263, P773, DOI 10.1016-j.ics.2004.02.104; Kaverin NV, 2004, J VIROL, V78, P240, DOI 10.1128-JVI.78.1.240-249.2004; Kayali G, 2011, PLOS ONE, V6, DOI 10.1371-journal.pone.0026818; Kim JA, 2005, J MICROBIOL, V43, P366; Lin YP, 2000, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V97, P9654, DOI 10.1073-pnas.160270697; Liu JH, 2003, VIRUS GENES, V27, P291, DOI 10.1023-A:1026304117797; Matrosovich M, 2000, J VIROL, V74, P8502, DOI 10.1128-JVI.74.18.8502-8512.2000; Matrosovich MN, 2004, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V101, P4620, DOI 10.1073-pnas.0308001101; Mok CKP, 2011, J VIROL, V85, P9641, DOI 10.1128-JVI.00702-11; Newby CM, 2006, VIROLOGY, V354, P80, DOI 10.1016-j.virol.2006.06.024; Pantin-Jackwood MJ, 2009, REV SCI TECH OIE, V28, P113; Peiris M, J CLIN MICROBIOL, V37, P3426; Perez DR, 2003, J VIROL, V77, P3148, DOI 10.1028-JVI.77.5.3148-3156.2003; Saito T, 2004, ARCH VIROL, V149, P1397, DOI 10.1007-s00705-003-0257-8; Shaib HA, 2010, MED SCI MONITOR, V16, P333; Sun YP, 2011, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V108, P4164, DOI 10.1073-pnas.1019109108; Swaggerty CL, 2006, AVIAN PATHOL, V35, P102, DOI 10.1080-03079450600597535; Swayne D. E., 2008, DIS POULTRY, P153; Swayne DE, 2008, LAB MANUAL ISOLATION, P128; Taubenberger JK, 2008, ANNU REV PATHOL-MECH, V3, P499, DOI 10.1146-annurev.pathol.3.121806.154316; Thongratsakul S, 2010, ASIAN PAC J ALLERGY, V28, P294; Webby R, 2011, INFLUENZA VIRUS QUAI; Yu H, 2011, VET MICROBIOL, V149, P254, DOI 10.1016-j.vetmic.2010.11.008; Zhang PH, 2008, J GEN VIROL, V89, P3102, DOI 10.1099-vir.0.2008-005652-00
Chronic octreotide therapy can induce pancreatic insufficiency: a common but under-recognized adverse effect
No full text
The Future Prospects of Immune Therapy in Gastric and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
No full textThe prognosis of esophageal cancers is poor and novel approaches are urgently needed. Despite improvements in outcomes with transtuzumab and ramucirumab, these improvements added an average of only 2 to 3 months with a median overall survival reported to be around 1 year. Comprehensive genomic sequencing has defined some molecular alterations with potential targets, but the majority of patients still do not benefit from druggable targets. Breakthroughs in immune checkpoint blockade have provided new therapeutic options in many cancers. Programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) overexpression, a possible biomarker predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, approaches forty percent in esophageal and gastric cancers. Translational and molecular studies have shown that esophageal cancers are possible candidate malignancies for immune checkpoint inhibition. In this review, we plan to highlight the mechanisms, preclinical, and early clinical data that provide insight on the role of immune therapeutics in esophageal cancers
Survey and Development of an Integrated Disease Management Strategy for Banana Panama Wilt Disease in Lebanon
No full textPanama wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc TR4), is a significant threat to banana production worldwide, leading to severe yield losses in both commercial and local banana varieties. The pathogen was first identified in Lebanon in 2013. Despite its global impact, there has been limited practical research on the spread and management of banana Fusarium wilt in Lebanon. This study had three primary objectives: (1) to determine the distribution and significance of the disease in South Lebanon, (2) to evaluate the antagonistic activity of selected biocontrol agents, and (3) to assess an integrated management approach to mitigate the disease. First, a survey was conducted across 87 sites in South Lebanon to determine the current spread of the disease. A total of 260 plant samples, including both asymptomatic and symptomatic plants exhibiting wilt symptoms, were collected. The results indicated that 30% of the fields were infested with Foc TR4, demonstrating the widespread occurrence of the disease in the coastal area. Second, laboratory tests using a dual culture assay were performed to evaluate the antagonistic activity of seven Trichoderma spp. strains against Foc TR4. The results revealed that all Trichoderma isolates significantly reduced the mycelial growth of the pathogen, with T. viride strain T24 showing the highest inhibition, reducing growth by 74%. Third, an integrated management approach was evaluated through both pot experiments with artificially inoculated soil and a large-scale field trial. The field experiment, conducted in South Lebanon using a completely randomized design with four replications, involved four banana varieties: Baladi, Canarian, Grand Nain, and GCTCV2 18. The former two varieties were subjected to five treatments: a control, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Novo Treat®), Pythium oligandrum (Polyversum®), and a combination of Bacillus subtilis + Pseudomonas putida (Fulzyme®). Disease severity assessments were based on both external and internal disease symptoms. Among all varieties tested, GCTCV 218 demonstrated the highest tolerance to Foc TR4, showing the lowest disease severity index (33%) and the highest bunch weight (31 kg). In both the Baladi and Canarian varieties, T. harzianum significantly reduced the Foc TR4 disease index, decreased endophytic Fusarium infections, and enhanced yield. In the pot experiment, T. harzianum also significantly reduced the disease index compared to the control treatment for both varieties. Fulzyme® was identified as the second most effective treatment. Given the widespread presence of the disease in South Lebanon, an integrated management approach is recommended to contain further spread and minimize damage in infested orchards. Strict sanitation measures should be implemented within and between fields. The use of tolerant or resistant varieties like GCTC V218 is advisable, along with an integrated crop management approach, including the use of biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma, B. subtilis, and P. putida. Considering the microclimate and edaphic variations between different regions, further local studies on the management of the disease are recommended
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