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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Developing and implementing an effective and efficient gender capacity development strategy for partners
No full textVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Policy note on Kenya’s draft agriculture sector Gender Policy
No full textThe Agriculture Sector Gender Policy has been reviewed and revised through six key thematic areas – Gender and Social Inclusion (GeSI) and the five thematic areas in Agriculture that intersect with gender, namely, Agriculture Value Chain Development (AVCD); Food and Nutrition Security (FNS); Climate Change (CC); National and Devolved Governance; and the Strategic Analysis Knowledge Support System (SAKSS), in eight Regional Economic Blocs (REB). Evidence of gender gaps and their determinants in agricultural productivity in Africa exists. Data has demonstrated that even the slightest reduction in the gender gap in agriculture results in huge economic benefits that elevate millions of people out of poverty. Women and men converged in their observation that the ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Cooperatives, the ministry of Public Service Youth and Gender, and their corresponding county level departments were the stakeholders for who the Agriculture Sector Gender policy is most relevant. They diverged in their recognition of private sector stakeholders with men recognizing NGOs, CBOs and FBOs more than women and women recognizing financial institutions more than men. GeSI, devolved function and AVCD were ranked highest by both women and men, but women ranked climate change higher than men, whereas men ranked SAKKS higher than women. FNS was ranked low by women and men stakeholders, probably because it is a relatively new theme and poorly understood.
The policy has identified the following: Capacity, and capacity gaps, of actors of policy implementation and ways of addressing the gaps; Opportunities for private and public partnerships in the implementation of the policy; and Policy document custodians prior to and during implementation
Use of an antigen trapping elisa kit for field diagnosis of trypanosoma evansi infections in dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius).
No full textThe studies described in this thesis were conducted to evaluate field application of the antigen-detection tube Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit developed by Nantulya (1989) for diagnosis of Trypanosoma evansi infections in camels. The study was carried out on a herd of 100 camels in a T. evansi endemic area of Marsabit District, Northern Kenya. Blood samples were collected from each camel on four occasions; twice in the dry season and twice in the wet season. A total of 394 samples were collected. The results obtained using the tube-ELISA kit were compared with those of antigen trapping microplate ELISA, packed cell volume (PCY), the buffy coat technique (BCT) , and antibody ELISA. From each camel 3 ml of blood was collected by jugular venipuncture into a vacutainer tube containing ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA) as anticoagulant, mixed and stored in a cool place. The EDT A blood was used for the following tests in the field: Packed cell volume (PCY) determination, buffy coat smear and antigen trapping tube ELISA. Simultaneously, lOml blood was collected from each camel into a silicon coated vacutainer tube for serum separation. The serum was separated 12 hours after collection, transported to the laboratory and stored at -200C until required for tube and microplate antigen trapping ELISA, and antibody ELISA. For tube ELISA, 500,LLI of whole blood or serum were used per tube and each sample was tested in duplicate. Fifty microlitres of serum were used per well in the antigen trapping microplate-ELISA, while 10 - 20,LLI were used in antibody ELISA. An optical density greater than twice that of the negative control serum was regarded as positive in the case of microplate ELISA. The criterion for positivity in tube ELISA was development of a visible green colour in the tube. Anaemia was the only presenting clinical sign: PCV values below 25 % were recorded in 7% of the blood samples examined. However, anaemia did not correlate well with other findings and was thought to have been due to factors other than trypanosomiasis. Trypanosomes were observed in the buffy coat in 1% of the samples examined, while antigens were detected in 10% of the samples by tube ELISA both in the field and in the laboratory, and in 5% by microplate ELISA. Antibodies were detected in 45 % of the samples by antibody ELISA. The differences in the ability to detect infection of antigen trapping tube-ELISA, the microplate ELISA, the BCT and antibody ELISA were all statistically significant. These findings indicated that of all the tests carried out, antibody ELISA obtained the highest prevalence rates of infection. However, the presence of antibodies in the blood does not necessarily indicate that the animal has an active infection. Thus, the high prevalence rates of infection detected by antibody ELISA could be due to persistence of antibodies in cured animals. Of all the tests that detect active infections, the antigen trapping tube- ELISA, whether performed in the field using whole blood or in the laboratory using serum, obtained higher prevalence rates of infection than the microplate antigen trapping ELISA and the BeT. The tube ELISA was easy to perform in the field and the results were obtained within three hours after sampling all the animals. Thus, it would be possible, using this test, to treat the positive animals before they are released from the "boma". Regarding sensitivity and specificity of the three field applicable tests, namely; tube-ELISA using both whole blood and serum, and the BCT, tube-ELISA using whole blood was the most sensitive and ranked second after the BeT in specificity. The BeT was, however, the least sensitive. These findings support the use of tube-ELISA and BCT as complementary tests in the field diagnosis of camel trypanosomiasis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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