23 research outputs found
Deep Learning and Support Vector Machine Algorithms Applied for Fault Detection in Electrical Power Transmission Network
No full textIn this paper, an interesting application of machine learning algorithms is presented. The main idea consists of applying both deep-learning and support vector machine supervised machine learning approaches to improve the quality and to guarantee the stability and the reliability of an electric power transmission system. These techniques are used mainly to detect, classify, and consequently locate faults in the electric power transmission network. To test the performance of the proposed techniques, the standard IEEE 14-bus power system is used. The fault free, the one fault and the multiple fault cases are investigated. Faults are applied to the IEEE 14-bus system and simulated using SimPowerSystems toolbox of Matlab. The accuracy score is used to compare the proposed techniques performances. Different results proved that studied machine learning methods made correct predictions. Nevertheless, the deep learning algorithm performances are proved while classifying all types of faults. Simulation results demonstrate that the deep learning technique can achieve an accuracy of 100% compared to the support vector machine which had an accuracy of 87%. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.udemauteur: Azeddine Kaddour
Enhancing the quality of voice communications by acoustic noise cancellation (ANC) using a low cost adaptive algorithm based Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and circular convolution
No full textDESIGN REALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN ACOUSTIC ECHO CANCELLATION (AEC) IN HANDS-FREE COMMUNICATIONS USING RECURSIVE ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM
No full textNowadays, in the field of communications, AEC (acoustic echo cancellation) is truly essential with respect to the quality of multimedia transmission. In this paper, we designed and developed an efficient AEC based on adaptive filters to improve quality of service in telecommunications against the phenomena of acoustic echo, which is indeed a problem in hands-free communications.
The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is its capacity of tracking non-stationary signals such as acoustic echo. In this work the acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is modeled using a digital signal processing technique especially Simulink Blocksets. The algorithm’s code is generated in Matlab Simulink programming environment. At simulation level, results of simulink implementation prove that module behavior is realistic when it comes to cancellation of echo in hands free communication using adaptive algorithm.
Results obtained with our algorithm in terms of ERLE criteria are confronted to IUT-T recommendation G.168
The effect of wetting on the relative permeability behavior and oil recovery
No full textOil is one of the major contributors to energy consumption. Oil reserves are expressed as the total amount of economically and technically producible oil. Total oil consumption is increasing (per capita it remains more or less the same) but it has no unambiguous influence on the remaining reserves due to new discoveries. However, increasingly sophisticated recovery methods are used to produce oil i.e. enhanced oil recovery methods. A recently proposed enhanced oil recovery method is by injection of low-salinity water in completely oil-wet reservoirs, which leads to more water-wet behavior and “consequently” to improved oil recovery.This report will focus on the effect of wettability on the recovery efficiency. Based on the papers by Lomeland, Ebeltoft and Thomas we derive so-called LET relative permeability curves that only depend on irreducible water saturation. This is possible by using the irreducible water saturation dependence of the residual oil saturation, end point relative water permeability and the sketched behavior (Lomeland, Ebeltoft and Thomas) of the other six parameters. Admittedly this is a gross simplification, but it grasps the essence of the relative permeability behavior and makes it possible to study the recovery in terms of two parameters viz. the irreducible water saturation and viscosity ratio as opposed to eight relative permeability parameters and the viscosity ratio. High irreducible water saturation is both indicative of pore size heterogeneity and water-wet behavior. We use the theory of Buckley-Leverett to construct recovery curves for 1D and 2D displacement and various mobility (M = displacing fluid mobility / displaced fluid mobility) ratios. We solve the 1-D equations both analytically (using fractional flow theory) and numerically. For the numerical simulations in 1D and 2D we use COMSOL 5.2©. The simulations show that water-wet behavior is conducive to stable displacement, however, low recovery at breakthrough, whereas intermediate oil-wet behavior is more unstable but conducive to high ultimate recoveries. Completely oil-wet behavior leads to less stable displacement and low ultimate recoveries.Applied Earth Science
Drag Reduction in Turbulent Flows by Polymers and Surfactants: An Experimental Study Into the Mechanisms of Drag Reduction by Additives
No full textIn 1949, Toms (Toms B.A., (1949, 1977)) observed that small amounts of a drag reducing agent (DRA) could cause a considerable drag reduction in turbulent pipe flow. In application of polymer enhanced oil recovery, degradation of polymers in the supply lead could cause clogging. It was, however observed that surfactants at sufficiently high concentration also showed drag reduction without the problem clogging. A DRA reduces the energy loss by friction and unstable flow, thus improving injection throughput with the same pressure pump and thereby reducing the exergetic pumping costs. This study investigates experimentally the drag reducing capacity of surfactants and compares it to the drag reducing capacity of polymers.For the experiment, a set-up consisting of a pump, a coiled test tube with a length of 1.48 m and an inner diameter of 0.5 mm and pressure gauges is built. The diameter of the coil is 12.5 cm. We use a pump capable of injection up to 200 ml/min. The pressure drop is measured between the entrance and end of the tube. The injection rate is varied between 1 and 200 ml/min, roughly corresponding to Reynolds numbers between 50 and 10,000. The additives are dissolved in brine with a 33,000 ppm salt concentration. The viscosity of the solution is dependent on the concentration of the DRA. The ratio of the measured pressure drop with only brine and the pressure drop with the DRA solution was used to calculate the drag reduction (DR) factor, as from a technical point of view we are only interested whether adding DRA reduces the drag with respect to the original brine solution. From an academic point of view, we remark that for low concentrations the viscosity enhancement due to the presence of the DRA is negligible. As polymers we use xanthan (a biopolymer), and a synthetic emulsion polymer based on polyacrylamide. Maximum DR factors are 23% for xanthan at 90ppm and 32% at 90ppm for the synthetic emulsion polymer. DR only occurs at turbulent conditions.Three types of surfactants, each from a different branch of surfactants are used in this study. The surfactants used are AOS {훼-Olefin Sulfonate}, CTAB {hexadeCylTrimethylAmmonium Bromide} and APG {Alkyl PolyGlucoside} which are a cationic, anionic and a nonionic surfactant respectively. The surfactants did not show any DR at (for DRA applications) high concentrations up to 20.000ppm. Addition of Sodium Salicylate (NaSaL) to CTAB with a 1:1 ratio led to a maximum DR of 33% at 2500 ppm concentration.Several pressure gauges have been installed along the test tube in order to observe how the pressure drops along the tube, how the DRAs affect these pressure drops and at what location of the test tube the DR factor is the highest. It is found that xanthan has the same DR factor at each location of the test tube, the emulsion polymer has a decreasing DR factor as the distance from the inlet of the test tube increases and the CTAB+NaSaL DRA has an increasing DR factor as the distance from the inlet increases.The DRAs are sheared using a constriction in the flow loop while the degradation is monitored. It is observed that xanthan is less susceptible to degradation in comparison to the emulsion polymer due to its more rigid chemical structure. But xanthan and the emulsion polymer would be inefficient to use in looped flow systems as they are affected by degradation. The CTAB+NaSaL DRA on the other hand shows no degradation meaning that the micellar rod-like structures that give the DR effect are being repaired when the shear force is being removed. However, for surfactants higher concentrations (1000-2500 ppm) are required.Petroleum Engineering and Geo-science
EVALUATION ET AMELIORATION D'UN SYSTEME DE TATOUAGE AUDIO BASE SUR LA TECHNIQUE DE TATOUAGE PAR INSERTION D’ECHO
Get PDFDe nos jours le traitement des fichiers numériques est devenu très répandu. Les outils et logiciels pour dupliquer et redistribuer les fichiers numériques sont disponibles pour tout le monde et accessibles à faible coûts. Dans ce contexte, de nombreuses techniques ont vu le jour afin de contribuer à la protection de la propriété intellectuelle et lutter contre le piratage. Parmi, ces techniques nous trouvons les techniques de tatouage numérique des signaux, dit aussi WATERMARKING.Dans ce papier, nous avons réalisé la conception d’un système de tatouage par insertion d’écho et étudier ses performances par simulation sur MATLAB. L'idée principale de cette méthode est de cacher des données à l’intérieur d’un signal en insérant un écho de ce signal avec le retard approprié. Les tests de perceptibilité montrent que les filigranes sont imperceptibles. Les tests de fidélité montrent que la quantité de distorsion introduite par le tatouage est faible. Les tests de robustesse révèlent une bonne réponse face aux distorsions de signal les plus usuels. Les informations cachées sont toujours détectables et récupérables
Transnationality, Mobile Identity, and Cultural Dislocation in Rabih Alameddine’s I, the Divine (2002)
No full textInspired by diasporic philosophy, conception, and avidity, Anglophone diasporic authors—such as Rabih Alameddine, a prolific Arab American author recognized for his bold yet creative narratives—have foregrounded heterogeneity, post-nationality, and cross-pollination, as approaches to contest essentialist national identifications and reductionist ethnic ideologies. Equally, diaspora literary criticism emphasizes the importance of border crossings and transnational movements, exemplified in diasporic narratives, prompting a re-evaluation of understandings and mindsets. Drawing on this theoretical premise, this article explores themes of traveling identity and transnational belonging, by meticulously analyzing instances from Rabih Alameddine’s I, the Divine (2002). It also unearths personal and cultural dislocation embodied in the protagonist’s disjointed life narrative, the lack of a central plot, and the uncertainty of claiming an irrevocable belief in belonging to a fixed abode. It concludes that the approach of belonging, the novel advocates, aligns with the postmodernist diasporic view, based on revisiting outdated assumptions of cultural identity and welcoming, instead, hybridity and post-ethnicity, which complicates the fixity of home and the pre-givenness of identity
Bilateral Central Core and an External Envelope and its Impact on the Thermal Behaviour of Individual Self-construction Housing in the City of Biskra
Get PDFAbstractThe essence of architectural design rests upon in kind of manipulation between dualism central core and external envelope of any architectural composition; there are some compositions that are concerned with the external envelope,while other compositions the outer shell is result of the interned division. Besides there are other compositions that blend the central core and the external envelope in a harmonious dialogue. This combination between central core and the external envelope touch this diversity in houses of Biskra city through different periods of time to create a comfortable thermal environment.The dry areas, which are distributed on a large scale over the space of Algeria, characterized by climate is hot and dry. We found Morphological diversity in houses of this region that reflects primarily adaptation to climatic conditions, social and economic through different periods.In our research, we depend on the experimental method through digital simulation technology program ECOTECT to calculate data, for various thermal models. in addition in the selection of network studied models we adopted to the variables morphology of both core and the external envelope of the dwelling which are: 1) the oceanic layer, 2) type of the core 3) type of the external envelope. Then we calculated the temperature of various houses layers to make comparisons between various layers and various models.The results of this study came to show the laws that control heat in the atmosphere and that is affected by alphabet elements of local architecture of Biskra region. These laws allow the architect to manipulate to these elements to search for improved thermal yield of the building and control of energy consumption in the range of what is available to him
Modeling, Development and Analysis Performance of an Intelligent Control of Photovoltaic System by Fuzzy Logic approach for Maximum Power Point Tracking
Get PDFIn this paper, we present an intelligent algorithm based upon Fuzzy Logic method for optimizing and improving the control performance of a photovoltaic system. The main objective of the proposed system is to pursuit the maximum power point (MPPT) under different conditions like the change of sunshine and temperature. The system consists of a photovoltaic solar module connected to a DC-DC step-up converter "Boost" and a battery - like a load . The converter parameters and the inference rule table are determined to ensure maximum output power. The effectiveness of the proposed system is validated through computer simulations using MATLAB / Simulink software and the obtained results shows that our proposed system has the best performance in term maximum power
Development and Validation of an optimized syndromes block for reed solomon decoder
No full textReed Solomon decoder plays an indispensable role in many applications involving data transmission, storage applications and Video broadcasting DVB-T and DVB-S2. In this work we propose a new optimized parallel syndrome block [67] for the Reed Solomon RS code (15,11) used in digital Video broadcasting DVB-T. Therefore, this proposed parallel block is compared to the serial syndrome block existing. On the basis of this technique a new architecture based on three syndromes in parallel is developed. This technique reduces both the energy consumption and the number of iterations. The RS code (15, 11) is composed of 255 symbols that are multiples of 3. The symbols are entered in parallel in the syndrome block.
These decoding algorithms developed in this work are compared with the existing algorithms, and they are evaluated through a simulation using the hardware description language VHDL, then they are implemented on a Xilinx Spartan type FPGA card using the XILINX software
