19 research outputs found
Seismic performance of buildings in nepal after the gorkha earthquake
No full textFollowing the strong earthquake of Gorkha, Nepal, on April 25, 2015, and a strong aftershock on May 12, a field reconnaissance of structural damage and structural collapses was performed around the affected areas, particularly in the region around the capital Kathmandu. The main goal was to develop detailed descriptions of the seismic performance of the Nepalese building stock. To achieve this goal, the field reconnaissance survey was carried out after the two main seismic events. In this chapter, a summary of the survey is provided, focusing on both recent reinforced concrete (RC) buildings and older substandard constructions. In addition, detailed descriptions of the observed damage to urban masonry building stock and rural vernacular constructions are provided. This chapter presents evidence from the field that justifies the observed seismic performance and enables the depiction of damage modes, which could be insightful regarding future efforts to develop earthquake-resistant constructions and strategies to improve the seismic behavior around the world.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Emerging Biopharmaceuticals in Wastewater: A Classification of Treatment Approaches Based on Photo, Electro and Electro-Photo Catalytic Methods
No full textThere is an emerging family of biopharmaceutical contaminants present in wastewater that includes a sizeable number of molecules originated in the partial metabolism of medicines used for both animal and human treatment. These contaminants represent a health hazard that need to be addressed. For this purpose, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are suitable techniques in which highly oxidizing hydroxyl free radicals are generated by chemical or photochemical or electrochemical or photoelectrochemical methods that can indiscriminately attack and degrade them oxidatively into safer and simpler mineralized products such as water, carbon dioxide, and inorganic ions. Effectiveness and efficiencies of degradation depend upon the type of AOPs by which •OH is generated, operating conditions, and the chemical and physical properties of the contaminants. In this study, we review the general approaches of AOPs with a focused study on heterogeneous photocatalytic methods that are applicable for removing various classes of emerging biopharmaceuticals that are growing rapidly in modern-day-wastewaters. We present a classification of the AOPs based on the mechanistic pathways by which •OH radicals are generated. In addition to highlighting the removal effectiveness and degradation mechanisms of biopharmaceuticals by titanium dioxide based photocatalytic methods, a summary of early trends and recent advances in the advanced oxidation of biopharmaceuticals in wastewater is presented
General Overview of Wastewater Treatment Process with Special Focus on Secondary Treatment Method
No full textWastewater is used water that comes down the drains from buildings such as household, factory, school, or offices and includes sources like showers, sinks, dishwasher, toilet, etc. It contains substances from various sources including organics, medicine, and several other substances like toilet paper, cleaning & personal products that are harmful to the environment. It also contains diverse trophic level of microorganisms such as protozoans, fungi, and varieties of bacteria (aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative). Therefore, a treatment facility needs to be equipped with several processes and unit operations so that a complete decontamination can take place before water is released to the natural environment. Each unit operation in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is associated with mechanical, physical, biological, and chemical aspects of cleaning.This contribution is focused on reviewing these general cleaning processes and operations and identifying connections with fundamental principles in engineering. Thus, we are looking for appropriateness of employing more effective and efficient variations associated with the biological processes (activated sludge). The aim is to develop an environment to mimic the naturally occurring microbiology and biochemistry in the human system during the metabolic breakdown of these chemicals and biopharmaceuticals. The secondary treatment is identical to a metabolic type of biological reactor that can be modelled and optimized. The targeted outcome is to identify the key factors controlling the metabolic degradation and make potential observations helpful to increase the degradation efficiency. Our study could be potentially useful for the design of a more efficient and better maintained treatment
A survey overviewing technological aspects of wastewater treatment facilities in the state of Tennessee - Preliminary Observations
No full textWastewater is produced from several industrial, business, and anthropogenic. It contains microbes, pathogens, and several other organic and inorganic substances that are harmful to the environment and that must be removed before the water can safely be returned to receiving streams. This sewage is pumped to the cleaning facilities through the drainage system. The cleaning facilities called wastewater treatment plants are operated in the cities at different capacities suitable to handle the water volume that needs treatment. Although all these facilities display a basically similar wastewater treatment process, there exists a few variations depending upon the capacities, location, cost of operation, served populations and type/amount of contaminants required to remove. In this study a comprehensive report illustrating the different aspects of WWTPs in the State of Tennessee will be drafted. This report will include evaluating and summarizing the methods adapted by different WWTPs: For example, some implement chlorination methods in tertiary treatment unit. The research will also include a classification based on similarities and differences between the methods adapted by these plants and recommend some potentially novel technologies. These may be susceptible of upscaling and be adaptable to treat sewage more effective and be cost efficient. We believe that the outcome of this research will be a useful information for potentially improving sewage treatment across Tennessee
Which perspectives for hybrid metallic nanostructures and magnetoplasmonics?
No full textInternational audienceView the article online for updates and enhancements. You may also like Magnetoplasmons for the-T 3 model with filled Landau levels Antonios Balassis, Dipendra Dahal, Godfrey Gumbs et al. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI
Relating invariant linear form and local epsilon factors via global methods
No full textWe use the recent proof of Jacquet's conjecture due to Harris and Kudla [HK] and the Burger-Sarnak principle (see [BS]) to give a proof of the relationship between the existence of trilinear forms on representations of GL2(ku) for a non-Archimedean local field ku and local epsilon factors which was earlier proved only in the odd residue characteristic by this author in [P1, Theorem 1.4]. The method used is very flexible and gives a global proof of a theorem of Saito and Tunnell about characters of GL2 using a theorem of Waldspurger [W, Theorem 2] about period integrals for GL2 and also an extension of the theorem of Saito and Tunnell by this author in [P3, Theorem 1.2] which was earlier proved only in odd residue characteristic. In the appendix to this article, H. Saito gives a local proof of Lemma 4 which plays an important role in the article
Cumulative dose 60Co gamma irradiation effects on AlGaN/GaN Schottky diodes and its area dependence
No full textGeneralised form of a conjecture of Jacquet, and a local consequence
No full textFollowing the work of Harris and Kudla, we prove a general form of a conjecture of Jacquet relating the non-vanishing of a certain period integral to non-vanishing of the central critical value of a certain L-function. As a consequence, we deduce a theorem relating the existence of GL2 (K) -invariant linear forms on irreducible, admissible representations of GL2(K) for a commutative semi-simple cubic algebra K over a non-archimedean local field k in terms of local epsilon factors which was proved only in some cases by the first author in his earlier work in [D. Prasad, Invariant forms for representations of GL2 over a local field, Amer. J. Math. 114 (1992), no. 6, 1317–1363.]. This has been achieved by globalising a locally distinguished supercuspidal representation to a globally distinguished representation, a result of independent interest which is proved by an application of the relative trace formula
Local PT-Symmetry preserves the no-signaling principle, 2016
No full textBender and Boettcher explored a quantum theory based on a non-Hermitian PT symmetric Hamiltonian , where PT is the operator of the space-time reflection and demonstrated that the PT-symmetric Hamiltonian can possess entirely real spectra. In this thesis, we point out that in the framework of PT-symmetric quantum mechanics; the calculation of matrix elements in the Hilbert space is ill-defined. We point out the importance of using CPT inner product in PT-symmetric systems. We manifested our assessment using the CPT inner product prescription for the entangled wave function of the composite system. We show that for a composite system with a local PT-symmetry, it preserves the no-signaling condition and the orthogonality of the states.The reduced density matrix is diagonal and independent of the non-Hermitian parameter . We reaffirm the consistency of PT-symmetric quantum mechanics as a candidate for a fundamental theory
Practice of Good Scientific Writing
No full text<p><span>Our Science and scientific explorations are integral components in the process of research and development. Therefore, keeping abreast of recent scientific knowledge and development is an imper proceativess of a professional scientist. Scientific literature such as publications are among the most popular ways to update and up-skill one’s knowledge in a particular area. One can either become a consumer of scientific publication as a reader or s/he could also contribute to the body of literature through academic publications in quality peer-reviewed journals. </span></p><p><span>Having contributed to academic writing as an author is like your passport to your scientific community, not only to share your knowledge but also to gain professional recognition. Your contribution to publication also helps disseminate your new and foremost findings or techniques among scientific and academic communities. In order to be an accomplished scientist, one needs to have good scientific writing skills and be able to express the scientific knowledge effectively and efficiently to the scientific/academic community. </span></p><p><span>Before you start writing, it is important that you should be aware of the main goals of your publication. Your research should answer the relevant questions of the involved field and should arouse interest in the readers. Furthermore, the researcher should also know whether the research and findings of the work are publishable at the given point or not. If the answers are ticked off positively, then the researcher can start preparing the manuscript. Most research papers are based upon the IMRaD format. The word IMRaD stands for the initial letters of the words Introduction (I), Methods (M), Results (R), and Discussion (D). The Introduction describes the scope and purpose of the research in the light of recent information on the existing research; the Methods explain how the analysis was done; the Results section reports your audience to know what the investigation showed; and the Discussion section should explain the significance of the new information provided by your study and suggestions for future studies. . The IMRaD structure has been followed by a progressively increasing number of academic journals and has been the basis for most researches. It is a very effective approach as it facilitates the literature review and lets the readers understand the research more logically.</span></p><p><span>Good scientific writing with the methodical approach is not the only criteria for getting published in scientific journals. For publishing in a particular journal, it's very important to follow the author guidelines. Every journal has a particular format of writing and it is expected that the particular journal is going to publish the articles in the same particular format. This is very important for the journal to be consistent in all the publications. </span></p><p><span>In addition, writing a good research article can seem challenging at first, however, if a researcher plans it properly, the challenge becomes interesting. Your research may conclude with meaningful answers to the unanswered questions in a particular scientific field and serve as a stimulus for further studies in the future. Well-written papers get published more frequently and can easily attract the attention of the readers. They are highly read, recommended as well as cited. Reviewers are more willing to review a well written research article and give favorable comments to improve the quality of the study. The authors should make every effort to implement the proper use of correct grammar. Poor language quality, including errors in grammar, spelling mistakes, typographical errors could delay the publication or lead to outright rejection of the paper.</span></p><p><span>Ultimately, the readers of your scientific manuscript are your primary examiners. They are going to examine the details of all the appropriate components of your study: purpose, background and rationale, strategies, results|, discussion and conclusions. . The elements of good scientific publishing must certainly be clear, precise, and logical. Finally, scientific work is incomplete until the results are disseminated to the larger community. Thus, effective scientific writing will create information exchange, to improve knowledge progress, ideas and improve your colleague's future work. </span></p><div><span><br /></span></div></jats:p
