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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
From the Shannon to the Danube: Gaelic Irish lordship in its European context, c.1169-c.1650
No full textVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Historiography and the Invention of British Identity:Troy as an Origin Legend in Medieval Britain and Ireland
Get PDFIn the medieval world order, which preceded the formation of what we now call nation-states, claims to nationhood competed with the larger ambitions of imperialism. While empires were essentially territorial, nations called themselves into being through discourse, through the sheer force of a shared language, shared culture, and the power of stories. Writing about the modern world, the historian Robert Holton has referred to a ‘Fourth World’ of “peoples or nations who are politically and culturally distinct but who do not possess a state apparatus with sovereign control of a given territory.”1 This was the status of Wales and Ireland throughout most of the Middle Ages, as nations without sovereign statehood, a political role exercised on their behalf, and through their subjection, by the kingdom of England.2Given their relative lack of political power and sovereignty, a sense of nationhood in Wales and Ireland had to be created and asserted all the more vigorously, and it typically defined itself in opposition to the imperial power of the Norman and then English state. Claims to nationhood sometimes expressed themselves physically, in the form of warfare (though the jurisdictions of Wales and Ireland were each fragmented among a number of kings, which militated against a sense of shared singular nationhood) but more often through written texts which constructed and articulated, either in Latin or in the vernaculars, a sense of shared identity. One of the most powerful media for this discursive nationhood is the writing of history, recording what seems to be memory but is more often a means of creating new myths out of old ones. A subcategory of historiography is the origin legend, which works to establish the antiquity, and thus the legitimacy, of a particular people and their culture in terms of their attachment to a specific territory. Associated with these two strategies are the legends of heroes, historical or fictional, whose deeds as gifted warriors and leaders call a people into being through their role as followers.These three strategies of discursive nationhood come together in the story of Troy as it was used by Welsh and Irish writers. It was received as if it were history—hence the value given to apparently eyewitness accounts—and it was given narrative prominence as an origin legend. Its heroes were positioned as founding fathers of the nation and role models for its male leaders. This use of the Trojan legend was not, of course, exclusive to Ireland and Wales; as new peoples emerged following the fall of the Roman empire in the 5th century C.E., narratives of nationhood began to circulate. Even before the end of Roman rule, provincial peoples such as the Gaulish Arverni and the Aedui had claimed Trojan descent and thus kinship with the Romans.3 After the fall of Rome, in order to distinguish themselves from the generic barbarii who brought down the Romans, the peoples who became the Irish, Welsh, Franks, and others looked for origin myths that predated the foundation of Rome and thus legitimized the territories they claimed for themselves as successors to Rome.4 Such a myth presented itself in the story of Troy and its survivors whose wanderings across Europe led not only to the foundation of Rome but to the beginnings of the national homelands of most of medieval Europe. The transnationalism of the Roman empire was replaced by a protonationalism that worked against the globalism of religion, trade, and the movements of peoples
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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