1,721,016 research outputs found
Signal transduction and adaptation to exercise:background and methods
No full textIn this chapter we aim to answer questions such as ‘why and how do we adapt to exercise?' We begin by highlighting limitations to the classical view of supercompensation in exercise training, before introducing the signal transduction hypothesis of adaptation. Related to this we discuss how exercise generates signals that are sensed by sensor proteins, conveyed and computed by signal transduction proteins and how adaption regulators regulate transcription, translation or protein synthesis, protein degradation and other cellular functions such as the cell cycle. All this makes cells and organs adapt to exercise. In the second half of the chapter we introduce RT-qPCR, which is a method used to measure mRNAs, and Western blotting, which is used to measure proteins. e chapter concludes with a discussion of high throughput approaches, including microarrays and proteomics, and their application in exercise physiology. To prepare for this chapter you should read Chapter 1, which introduces molecular exercise physiology and basic wet laboratory research methods, and Chapter 2, which introduces sport and exercise genetics and explains PCR (polymerase chain reaction) which is the basis for RT-qPCR.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Stress and recovery in endurance sports : a psychophysical review with respect to age and sex
Full text linkHöchstleistungen im Ausdauersport setzen nicht nur eine hohe psychophysische Leistungsfähigkeit und mentale Leistungsbereitschaft voraus, sondern auch einen sehr guten psychophysischen Erholtheitszustand. Ziel der kumulativen Dissertationsschrift war es, die psychophysische Belastung und Erholung im Ausdauersport unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Alter, Geschlecht und Leistungsfähigkeit zu untersuchen. Die Forschungsarbeiten im Labor haben gezeigt, dass sich die psychophysische Erholung nach intensiven Ausdauerbelastungen von gleichermaßen gut trainierten Jüngeren und Älteren bis zu einem Alter von 50 Jahren nicht unterscheidet; Frauen sich nach Intervallbelastungen metabolisch schneller, subjektiv und kardiovaskulär jedoch langsamer erholen. Die Feldstudien haben ergeben, dass ein Monitoring der Herzfrequenz und Herzfrequenzvariabilität mittels des Lagewechseltests zur Bewertung der Belastbarkeit und zur Steuerung der psychophysischen Erholung bei Ausdauertrainierten geeignet ist.Peak performance in endurance sports not only require a high exercise capacity and a pronounced mental readiness to perform but moreover a very good psychophysical state of recovery. This dissertation aimed to investigate the psychophysical stress and recovery in endurance sports in the context of age, sex and performance capacity. The studies performed in the lab showed that, psychophysical recovery after intense endurance exercise did not differ between well-trained younger and older athletes up to the age of 50 years. Women recovered metabolically faster, however, their subjective and cardiovascular recovery was slower during and after high intensity intervals. The field studies showed that monitoring of heart rate and heart rate variability using the orthostatic test is suitable for assessing athletes tolerance and strain, while also guiding the psychophysical recovery of endurance athletes
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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