196,920 research outputs found
Transcriptomic analysis of Simpson Golabi Behmel Syndrome cells during differentiation exhibit BAT-like function
No full textHigh-throughput RNA sequencing of human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome cells (SGBS) was performed during the time-course of adipogenic differentiation at day 4 (D04), 6 (D06), 8 (D08), and 10 (D10) to characterize transcriptomic changes and to identify key patterns involved in adipogenesis and browning. In the comparisons, 932 and 384 overlapping transcripts were consistently up- and down-regulated, respectively. Combining the results of protein-protein interaction network analysis MCODE and CytoHubba, 55 up-regulated hub genes from four clusters and 9 down-regulated genes were identified. The up-regulated hub genes were mainly enriched in brown adipocyte differentiation, extracellular matrix organization, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation. The enrichment of downregulated hub genes was related to NRF2 signalling and glutathione metabolism, indicating that oxidative stress also plays a role. Analysis of overlapping down-regulated genes, targets of transcription factors, revealed enrichment in the IL-18 signalling pathway, which is involved in browning process and extracellular matrix organization via actomyosin mechanics and integrin-extracellular matrix interactions. Finally, the comparison transcriptomic analysis with the gene signature reported by BATLAS and PROFAT web-based tools showed an increased percentage of the brown phenotype, confirming that differentiated SGBS cells at D06, D08, and D10 gradually acquire BAT-like function
Stellungnahme der Ernährungskommission der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin zur Vermarktung von Beikostprodukten zur Flaschenfütterung
No full textBöhles HJ, Fusch C, Genzel-Boroviczény O, Henker J, Koletzko B , Kersting M, Lentze MJ, Maaser RG, Mihatsch W, Przyrembel H, Wabitsch
Can Nigella sativa oil control inflammation in human pre-adipocytes?
No full textObjectives: The fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Nigella
sativa L. (NS), also known as black cumin, is frequently used in the
Mediterranean area for its therapeutic properties. Pertaining literature
suggests that its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anticancer
activities is due to thymoquinone (TQ), a main component
of this oil, the bioactivity of which has been investigated mainly in
cancer models. Besides TQ, NS oil is rich of components (including
vitamins, amino acids, fatty acids, sterols, micro elements, etc.)
that can contribute to its biological activity.
We therefore aimed at evaluating TQ concentration in a Nigella
sativa oil extracted from seeds of cultivar produced in the
Marche region of Italy, and at determining if its content, antioxidant
properties and biological activity decay during storage. Cytotoxicity
and anti-inflammatory properties of NS oil were tested in
an in vitro model of low-grade inflammation of Simpson-Golabi-
Behmel syndrome (SGBS) human pre-adipocytes to assess if this
oil, or equal concentration of synthetic thymoquinone, could affect
the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Methods: Fresh extracted oil (FEO) and old extracted oil
(OEO) were evaluated for their content in TQ by gas chromatography
coupled to flame ionization detection (GC-FID). Total Antioxidant
Activity (TAA), Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity
(ORAC), Luminol-amplified- and lucigenin-amplified-chemiluminescence
of FEO, OEO, TQ and medium from SGBS incubation
(MI) were analyzed for their scavenger capacity by spectrophotometric
and chemiluminescent assays. SGBS and monocytic leukemia
(THP1) cell lines where cultured as previously described by
Wabitsch and collaborators (Keuper et al., 2011). Cytotoxicity of
NS extracts (FEO, OEO) and solutions equivalent in terms synthetic
tymoquinone concentration (syntFEO) were tested by the
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
(MTT) assay for 24 h. Inflammation was induced in SGBS cells by
conditioning their culture medium with 15% of supernatant obtained
after THP1 differentiation with phorbol 12-myristate
13-acetate (PMA) for 48 h (Keuper et al., 2011). SGBS inflamed
cells were treated with FEO, OEO, syntFEO, solved in DMSO for
24 h. Cytokine production was assessed using Multi-Analyte
ELISArray Kits (Quiagen).
Results: the content of TQ in the NS oil from the Marche region
cultivar was higher compared with other NS oils produced in the
middle East and in other Mediterranean regions. The FEO contains33% more TQ than OEO, showing that storage affects its
overall quality. FEO and OEO showed similar cytotoxicity, but in
both cases lower than that of pure TQ. Pro-inflammatory cytokines
(e.g. IL-1alfa, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and GM-CSF) were differently
modulated by NS oils.
Conclusions: NS oil produced in the Italian Marche region has
a good content in TQ and a lower cytotoxicity than pure TQ. Its
capacity to counterbalance proinflammatory cytokine production
can be ascribed to the antioxidant properties of the other oil components
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Lignan phytocomplexes extracted from legumes act as anti-inflammatory agents in a model of adipocyte metaflammation: antioxidant properties and nutriepigenomic effects
No full textBackground: Metaflammation, a state of metabolically driven inflammation also referred to as ‘low-grade’ inflammation, is a key contributor to the development of obesity complications such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Among numerous phytochemicals, lignans are secondary metabolites whose biological properties have not been properly characterized yet. This study aims to investigate the effect on metaflammation of natural mix of lignans isolated from legumes and their synthetic equivalents and to evaluate the possible intermediating role of epigenetic on this process.
Methods: An in vitro model of inflamed adipocytes was used. Cytotoxicity of phytocomplexes was evaluated through MTT assay. Antioxidant properties were assessed by chemiluminescence assay. Gene expression of genes involved in inflammation (MCP1, IL6, IL1b, NFkB) or epigenetic regulation (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3) were analyzed and global DNA methylation and H3 histone acetylation were measured.
Results: A protective effect of the selected mix of lignans against metaflammation in this model was measured. In particular, reduced level of inflammatory genes and altered expression of genes that regulate epigenetic pathways suggest a potential involvement of epigenetic mechanism as responsible for the measured antinflammatory effect. This was observed for both natural and synthetic mixtures, despite a limited antioxidant activity was measured in the second ones.
Conclusions: This study suggest that not only antioxidant activity but also nutriepigenomic effects could be responsible for the measured antinflammatory properties of the selected mixtures of lignans extracted from legumes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying epigenetic molecular mechanisms
Lipodystrophy as a late effect after stem cell transplantation
No full textSurvivors of childhood cancer are at high risk of developing metabolic diseases in adulthood. Recently, several patients developing partial lipodystrophy following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been described. In this review, we summarize the cases described so far and discuss potential underlying mechanisms of the disease. The findings suggest that HSCT-associated lipodystrophies may be seen as a novel form of acquired lipodystrophy
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Epidemiologie des Übergewichts und der Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen anhand von deutschen Schuleingangsdaten
No full textZusammenfassungIn Deutschland existiert das System der Schuleingangsuntersuchung. Im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung werden unter anderem Werte zum aktuellen Körpergewicht (kg) und zur aktuellen Körperhöhe (m) des Kindes erhoben. Der BMI (kg/m2) wird berechnet und mit Referenzwerten verglichen. Ein BMI größer dem 90. alters- und geschlechtsspezifischen Perzentil wird als Übergewicht und ein BMI größer dem 97. alters- und geschlechtsspezifischen Perzentil als Adipositas definiert. Eine Arbeitsgruppe bestehend aus Prof. Dr. med. Wabitsch, Dr. biol. hum. Moß, Dr. biol. hum. Klenk und PD Dr. rer. nat. Kromeyer-Hauschild hat in der Vergangenheit zu zwei Zeitpunkten die Daten der Schuleingangsuntersuchung in den einzelnen Bundesländern abgefragt (2004 und 2008). Zusätzlich wurde eine Literatursuche durchgeführt. Die Prävalenzraten für Übergewicht und Adipositas variierten zu beiden Zeitpunkten der Datenabfrage zwischen den Bundesländern. Im Vergleich zu 2004 zeigte sich im Jahr 2008 eine Reduktion der Prävalenzraten für Übergewicht und für Adipositas zum Zeitpunkt der Schuleingangsuntersuchung für die Mehrheit der Bundesländer.</jats:p
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
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