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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
PENERAPAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE TALKING STICK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS II MI DARUL ULUM REJOTANGAN TULUNGAGUNG
Get PDFABSTRAK
Skripsi dengan judul “Penerapan Model Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Pokok Bahasan Bumi dan Alam Semesta (Kenampakan Matahari di Bumi) pada Peserta Didik Kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016” ini ditulis oleh Tria Wulandari Aprilia, NIM.2817123165, Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan, Jurusan Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, IAIN Tulungagung, yang dibimbing oleh Bapak Moh. Arif, M.Pd.
Kata Kunci: Model Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick, Hasil Belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam.
Penelitian dalam skripsi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurang efektifnya proses pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung dan menyebabkan hasil belajarnya rendah. Hal ini disebabkan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh pendidik Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam kurang bervariasi. Dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam ada beberapa model pemebelajaran yang bisa digunakan pendidik untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Salah satunya adalah Model Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick, yaitu merupakan metode pembelajaran kelompok dengan bantuan tongkat yang mengajak peserta didik untuk siap menjawab pertanyaan dalam situasi apapun dan bertujuan agar peserta didik mempunyai jiwa kemandirian dalam pembelajaran.
Rumusan masalah dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah: (1) Bagaimana penerapan model kooperatif tipe talking stick pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam pokok bahasan bumi dan alam semesta (kenampakan matahari di bumi) peserta didik kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung? (2) Apakah setelah diterapkan model kooperatif tipe talking stick dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam pokok bahasan bumi dan alam semesta (kenampakan matahari di bumi) peserta didik kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung?
Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Mendeskripsikan penerapan model kooperatif tipe talking stick pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam pokok bahasan bumi dan alam semesta (kenampakan matahari di bumi) peserta didik kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung. (2) Mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar model kooperatif tipe talking stick pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam pokok bahasan bumi dan alam semesta (kenampakan matahari di bumi) peserta didik kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung.
Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Class Action Research) sebanyak dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung. Teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data antara lain observasi, wawancara, tes, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan mencakup reduksi data, paparan data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini apabila penguasaan materi peserta didik mencapai 75% dari tujuan yang seharusnya dicapai, dengan nilai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal 75.
Hal ini terbukti dengan meningkatnya hasil belajar mulai dari pre test, post test siklus I, sampai post test siklus II. Nilai pre test peserta didik kelas II MI Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung dengan tingkat keberhasilan masih berada dibawah KKM yaitu 75. Peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai ≤75 sebanyak 8 peserta didik (57,2%) dan peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai ≥75 sebanyak 6 peserta didik (42,8%), dengan rata-rata kelas 67,86. Pada post test siklus I peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai ≤75 sebanyak 7 peserta didik (50%) dan peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai ≥75 sebanyak 7 peserta didik (50%), dengan rata-rata kelas 68,21. Sedangkan nilai post test pad siklus II peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai ≤75 sebanyak 1 peserta didik (7,2%) dan peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai ≥75 sebanyak 13 peserta didik (92,8%), dengan rata-rata kelas 90,35. Pada siklus II hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat dengan presentase ketuntasan 92,8%. Dengan demikian pada rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik dari siklus I ke siklus II, yaitu sebesar 22,14 begitu pula pada ketuntasan belajar IPA terjadi peningkatan sebesar 42,8% dari siklus I ke siklus II.
Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model kooperatif tipe talking stick dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam peserta didik. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik dari siklus I ke siklus II yaitu nilai rata-rata hasil belajar pada tes akhir siklus I adalah 68,21 (50%) yang berada pada kriteria baik, sedangkan pada tes akhir siklus II adalah 90,35 (92,8%) dan berada pada kriteria sangat baik. Hal ini menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 42,8%. Dari data tersebut terlihat bahwa penerapan model kooperatif tipe talking stick dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam pokok bahasan bumi dan alam semesta (kenampakan matahari di bumi) peserta didik kelas II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ulum Rejotangan Tulungagung
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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