270,659 research outputs found
Control and Filtering for Discrete Linear Repetitive Processes with H infty and ell 2--ell infty Performance
No full textRepetitive processes are characterized by a series of sweeps, termed passes, through a set of dynamics defined over a finite duration known as the pass length. On each pass an output, termed the pass profile, is produced which acts as a forcing function on, and hence contributes to, the dynamics of the next pass profile. This can lead to oscillations which increase in amplitude in the pass to pass direction and cannot be controlled by standard control laws. Here we give new results on the design of physically based control laws for the sub-class of so-called discrete linear repetitive processes which arise in applications areas such as iterative learning control. The main contribution is to show how control law design can be undertaken within the framework of a general robust filtering problem with guaranteed levels of performance. In particular, we develop algorithms for the design of an H? and dynamic output feedback controller and filter which guarantees that the resulting controlled (filtering error) process, respectively, is stable along the pass and has prescribed disturbance attenuation performance as measured by and – norms
Wu, Chieh-ping -- 1981-82 -- Correspondence, Individual -- letter, 1980-12-29
No full textLetter from Graber, C. D. to Wu, Chieh-Ping dated 1980-12-29.Sabin Collection Fair Use Policy</a
Wu-exclusive up-regulated DEGs.
No full text(A) Overlap between all human groups for human-exclusive up-regulated DEGs (up-regulated in any human group, but no mouse group). 1298 genes were upregulated only in Wu and no other human or mouse groups. (B) Although only up-regulated in Wu these 1298 DEGs, nevertheless, return very similar IPA Cytokine USR pathways as those shown in Fig 4A and 4B. (C) The 3%, 18% and 21% of DEGs in the IL6R, TNF and IFNg networks (Fig 4D IL6R, S5 Fig TNF, and S6 Fig IFNG) that were up-regulated only in human (green) comprised 194 genes. Of these DEGs, 73% were found up-regulated exclusively in the Wu dataset. (D) When these 143 DEGs were analysed by IPA Diseases or Functions the highest and lowest annotation by z-score suggest more cell survival and less cell death, consistent with Fig 3C. Thus IL6R, TNF, and IFNG networks contain genes that are also associated with cell survival. The presence of DEGs in these later networks that are only up-regulated in humans (Fig 4D IL6R, S5 Fig TNF, and S6 Fig IFNG, green) is largely due to the Wu dataset. The RNA-Seq data suggests that the tissues used to generate the Wu dataset had less virus (Fig 2A) and less cell death (as also seen in Fig 3C), with pathways somewhat distinct (Fig 3A), perhaps because these samples were collected at a later time point when recovery was well underway and/or because a series of medication were used by the patients. The 3%, 18% and 21% of network genes up-regulated in humans might suggest humans up-regulate these network genes in response to SARS-CoV2 infection, whereas mice do not. However, this may largely be due to the fact that no comparable mouse data set was available (e.g. medicated in the same way). (PDF)</p
Statistical and geometric properties of tree-shifts and fractals : a dynamical perspective
No full textAbstract
This thesis investigates the statistical and geometric properties of various symbolic and geometric fractals. Utilizing techniques from dynamical systems, ergodic theory, and large deviation theory, it provides a comprehensive analysis of key questions concerning Markov subshifts on rooted d-trees, self-conformal and self-affine fractals, and their associated measures. The research is organized into four central themes: the thermodynamic formalism of Markov subshifts over d-trees, the recurrence properties in Bedford--McMullen carpets, the decay in the Fourier spectrum of self-similar measures, and the local statistics of conformal measures.
The exploration of thermodynamic formalism for Markov subshifts over d-trees aligns with current research on statistical mechanical systems on trees, providing a large deviation description for d-tree-indexed Markov chains, characterizing pressure, entropy, and dimension in this non-Euclidean setting. Regarding recurrence in fractal systems, this work extends knowledge on recurrence in self-affine fractals by examining Bedford--McMullen carpets with coinciding Hausdorff and box-counting dimensions, providing new insights into quantitative recurrence under non-conformal dynamics. The investigation of Fourier decay in self-similar measures establishes a van der Corput lemma for one-dimensional non-atomic self-similar measures, with applications to metric theorems and absolutely pointwise normality. Finally, the study of local statistics of conformal measures expands the known class of fractal scaling measures by demonstrating that projections of ergodic measures through self-conformal iterated function systems are scaling measures, unveiling deep connections between scaling measures and ergodic theory.
These results collectively contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between fractal geometry, probability theory, and dynamical systems, providing novel approaches to addressing problems and offering potential directions for future research. Original papers Wu, Y.-L., & Yuan, N. (2025). Quantitative recurrence problem on some Bedford-McMullen carpets. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 543(2), 128938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128938 Self-archived version Ban, J.-C., & Wu, Y.-L. (2025). On the topological pressure of axial product on trees. Stochastics and Dynamics, 25(01), 2550007. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219493725500078 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219493725500078 Algom, A., Chang, Y., Wu, M., & Wu, Y.-L. (2025). Van der Corput and metric theorems for geometric progressions for self-similar measures. Mathematische Annalen. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-025-03233-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-025-03233-3 Self-archived version Wu, M., & Wu, Y.-L. (2025). Scaling properties of invariant measures for conformal iterated function systems. Manuscript in preparation. Tiivistelmä
Tämä väitöskirja tutkii erilaisten symbolisten ja geometristen fraktaalien tilastollisia ja geometrisia ominaisuuksia. Hyödyntäen tekniikoita, jotka liittyvät dynaamisiin systeemeihin, ergodiateoriaan ja suurpoikkeamateoriaan, se tarjoaa kattavan analyysin keskeisistä kysymyksistä, jotka koskevat Markovin siirtoja juurellisilla d-puilla, itse-konformeja ja itse-affiinisia fraktaaleja sekä niihin liittyviä mittoja. Tutkimus on jaettu neljään keskeiseen teemaan: Markovin siirtojen termodynaaminen formalismi d-puilla, toistuvuuden ominaisuudet Bedford--McMullen -matoissa, Fourier-spektrin heikkeneminen itse-similaareille mitoille ja konformien mittojen paikallinen tilastollinen käyttäytyminen.
Markovin siirtojen termodynaamisen formalismin tutkiminen d-puilla on linjassa nykyisen tutkimuksen kanssa tilastollisista mekaanisista systeemeistä puilla, tarjoten suurpoikkeamateoreettisen kuvauksen d-puuindeksoiduille Markovin ketjuille, ja paineen, entropian ja ulottuvuuden karakterisoinnin tässä ei-Euklidisessa ympäristössä. Mitä tulee toistuvuuteen fraktaalisissa järjestelmissä, tämä työ laajentaa tietämystä itse-affiinisten fraktaalien toistuvuudesta tarkastelemalla Bedford--McMullen -mattoja, joiden Hausdorffin dimensio ja laatikkodimensio ovat samat, tuoden uusia näkökulmia kvantitatiiviseen toistuvuuteen ei-konformaalisissa dynamiikoissa. Fourierin heikkenemisen tutkiminen itse-similaareille mitoille luo van der Corput'n lemman yksiulotteisille ei-atomisille itse-similaareille mitoille, jolla on sovelluksia metrisiin teoreemiin ja absoluuttisesti pisteittäiseen normaalisuuteen. Viimeisenä, konformaalisten mittojen paikallisten tilastojen tutkiminen laajentaa tunnettua fraktaalisten skaalautuvien mittojen luokkaa osoittaen, että ergodisten mittojen projisoinnit itse-konformaalisten iteratiivisten funktiosysteemien kautta ovat skaalautuvia mittoja, paljastaen syviä yhteyksiä skaalautuvien mittojen ja ergodiateorian välillä.
Nämä tulokset yhdessä tarjoavat syvemmän ymmärryksen fraktaaligeometrian, todennäköisyysteorian ja dynaamisten systeemien välisestä vuorovaikutuksesta, tarjoten uusia lähestymistapoja avoimiin ongelmiin ja mahdollisia suuntaviivoja tulevalle tutkimukselle. Osajulkaisut Wu, Y.-L., & Yuan, N. (2025). Quantitative recurrence problem on some Bedford-McMullen carpets. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 543(2), 128938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128938 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128938 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Ban, J.-C., & Wu, Y.-L. (2025). On the topological pressure of axial product on trees. Stochastics and Dynamics, 25(01), 2550007. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219493725500078 https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219493725500078 Algom, A., Chang, Y., Wu, M., & Wu, Y.-L. (2025). Van der Corput and metric theorems for geometric progressions for self-similar measures. Mathematische Annalen. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-025-03233-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-025-03233-3 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Wu, M., & Wu, Y.-L. (2025). Scaling properties of invariant measures for conformal iterated function systems. Manuscript in preparation. Academic dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Doctoral Programme Committee of Technology and Natural Sciences of the University of Oulu for public defence in the OP auditorium (L10), Linnanmaa, on 25 October 2025, at 12 noonAbstract
This thesis investigates the statistical and geometric properties of various symbolic and geometric fractals. Utilizing techniques from dynamical systems, ergodic theory, and large deviation theory, it provides a comprehensive analysis of key questions concerning Markov subshifts on rooted d-trees, self-conformal and self-affine fractals, and their associated measures. The research is organized into four central themes: the thermodynamic formalism of Markov subshifts over d-trees, the recurrence properties in Bedford--McMullen carpets, the decay in the Fourier spectrum of self-similar measures, and the local statistics of conformal measures.
The exploration of thermodynamic formalism for Markov subshifts over d-trees aligns with current research on statistical mechanical systems on trees, providing a large deviation description for d-tree-indexed Markov chains, characterizing pressure, entropy, and dimension in this non-Euclidean setting. Regarding recurrence in fractal systems, this work extends knowledge on recurrence in self-affine fractals by examining Bedford--McMullen carpets with coinciding Hausdorff and box-counting dimensions, providing new insights into quantitative recurrence under non-conformal dynamics. The investigation of Fourier decay in self-similar measures establishes a van der Corput lemma for one-dimensional non-atomic self-similar measures, with applications to metric theorems and absolutely pointwise normality. Finally, the study of local statistics of conformal measures expands the known class of fractal scaling measures by demonstrating that projections of ergodic measures through self-conformal iterated function systems are scaling measures, unveiling deep connections between scaling measures and ergodic theory.
These results collectively contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between fractal geometry, probability theory, and dynamical systems, providing novel approaches to addressing problems and offering potential directions for future research.Tiivistelmä
Tämä väitöskirja tutkii erilaisten symbolisten ja geometristen fraktaalien tilastollisia ja geometrisia ominaisuuksia. Hyödyntäen tekniikoita, jotka liittyvät dynaamisiin systeemeihin, ergodiateoriaan ja suurpoikkeamateoriaan, se tarjoaa kattavan analyysin keskeisistä kysymyksistä, jotka koskevat Markovin siirtoja juurellisilla d-puilla, itse-konformeja ja itse-affiinisia fraktaaleja sekä niihin liittyviä mittoja. Tutkimus on jaettu neljään keskeiseen teemaan: Markovin siirtojen termodynaaminen formalismi d-puilla, toistuvuuden ominaisuudet Bedford--McMullen -matoissa, Fourier-spektrin heikkeneminen itse-similaareille mitoille ja konformien mittojen paikallinen tilastollinen käyttäytyminen.
Markovin siirtojen termodynaamisen formalismin tutkiminen d-puilla on linjassa nykyisen tutkimuksen kanssa tilastollisista mekaanisista systeemeistä puilla, tarjoten suurpoikkeamateoreettisen kuvauksen d-puuindeksoiduille Markovin ketjuille, ja paineen, entropian ja ulottuvuuden karakterisoinnin tässä ei-Euklidisessa ympäristössä. Mitä tulee toistuvuuteen fraktaalisissa järjestelmissä, tämä työ laajentaa tietämystä itse-affiinisten fraktaalien toistuvuudesta tarkastelemalla Bedford--McMullen -mattoja, joiden Hausdorffin dimensio ja laatikkodimensio ovat samat, tuoden uusia näkökulmia kvantitatiiviseen toistuvuuteen ei-konformaalisissa dynamiikoissa. Fourierin heikkenemisen tutkiminen itse-similaareille mitoille luo van der Corput'n lemman yksiulotteisille ei-atomisille itse-similaareille mitoille, jolla on sovelluksia metrisiin teoreemiin ja absoluuttisesti pisteittäiseen normaalisuuteen. Viimeisenä, konformaalisten mittojen paikallisten tilastojen tutkiminen laajentaa tunnettua fraktaalisten skaalautuvien mittojen luokkaa osoittaen, että ergodisten mittojen projisoinnit itse-konformaalisten iteratiivisten funktiosysteemien kautta ovat skaalautuvia mittoja, paljastaen syviä yhteyksiä skaalautuvien mittojen ja ergodiateorian välillä.
Nämä tulokset yhdessä tarjoavat syvemmän ymmärryksen fraktaaligeometrian, todennäköisyysteorian ja dynaamisten systeemien välisestä vuorovaikutuksesta, tarjoten uusia lähestymistapoja avoimiin ongelmiin ja mahdollisia suuntaviivoja tulevalle tutkimukselle
Deletion of vitamin D receptor leads to premature emphysema/COPD by increased matrix metalloproteinases and lymphoid aggregates formation
No full textDeficiency of vitamin D is associated with accelerated decline in lung function. Vitamin D is a ligand for nuclear hormone vitamin D receptor (VDR), and upon binding it modulates various cellular functions. The level of VDR is reduced in lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which led us to hypothesize that deficiency of VDR leads to significant alterations in lung phenotype that are characteristics of COPD/emphysema associated with increased inflammatory response. We found that VDR knock-out (VDR(-/-)) mice had increased influx of inflammatory cells, phospho-acetylation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) associated with increased proinflammatory mediators, and up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-12 in the lung. This was associated with emphysema and decline in lung function associated with lymphoid aggregates formation compared to WT mice. These findings suggest that deficiency of VDR in mouse lung can lead to an early onset of emphysema/COPD because of chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and lung destruction
Wu-Yang Fields
No full textWe generalise the definition of a Wu-Yang field in R^3, to the generic case in R_d, with the exceptions of d = 2, 4
WU-1 directly inhibits both the binding of the glucose analogue (ATB-BMPA) to PfHT and PfHT transport activity.
No full textA) Biotinylated ATB-BMPA, a bis-mannose containing photolabel, binds to the glucose binding site of PfHT. Liposomes containing 0.65 μg PfHT were preincubated with ± 10 μM WU-1 prior to labeling with biotinylated ATB-BMPA. PfHT bound with biotinylated ATB-BMPA was analyzed by immunoblot analysis using a fluorescently labeled streptavidin (Strep). The strep signal was normalized to the amount of PfHT protein. Data are expressed as the means ± SEM., n = 3; (*), p3H]-D-glucose minus ([3H]-L-glucose) into PfHT-containing liposomes. Different concentrations of WU-1 were added to the liposomes 20 min prior to the initiation of the transport reaction. Uptake (quenched after 50 sec) was normalized to the amount of PfHT in the liposomes. Data were fit by nonlinear regression analysis using GraphPad Prism 6.0 software to calculate the IC50 for WU-1. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments.</p
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