1,723,211 research outputs found
Parser-based retraining for domain adaptation of probabilistic generators
Get PDFWhile the effect of domain variation on Penn-treebank-
trained probabilistic parsers has been investigated in previous work, we study its effect on a Penn-Treebank-trained probabilistic generator. We show that applying the generator to data from the British National Corpus
results in a performance drop (from a BLEU score of 0.66 on the standard WSJ test set to a BLEU score of 0.54 on our BNC test set). We develop a generator retraining method where the domain-specific training data is automatically
produced using state-of-the-art parser output. The retraining method recovers a substantial portion of the performance drop, resulting in a generator which achieves a BLEU score of 0.61 on our BNC test data
Zuckerberg Facebook post sharing link to WSJ Opinion Article
No full textMZ Post sharing link to WSJ Opinion Articl
English Models (Morphium + WSJ) for MorphoDiTa
No full textEnglish models for MorphoDiTa, providing morphological analysis, morphological generation and part-of-speech tagging.
The morphological dictionary is created from Morphium and SCOWL (Spell Checker Oriented Word Lists), the PoS tagger is trained on WSJ (Wall Street Journal)
The Civil Rights Commission Backslides
Get PDFWSJ op-ed by a conservative William & Mary law professor decries the USCCR appointments and recent staff firings in particular, and Bush's Black appoitnments in general, as "backsliding." He notes that AF's first meeting at the USCCR was greeted by a kiss from Berry, calls Bush's "appeasement of the civil rights community" a "strategy to re-fang the commission," and notes the USCCR support of the K-H bill
International Climate Change Governance: Issues of Democracy, Institutions and the Media
No full textThe United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was established in 1992 to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The nation states of the world have attempted to arrest climate change through a state-centric large scale multilateral treaty making process. Yet, over a period of more than twenty years, little has been achieved toward that objective. The making of international climate change governance required to arrest climate change is falling short. Greenhouse gases, which scientists consider to be the main culprit of climate change, are increasing rapidly making every subsequent year’s emissions concentration a new record.
Climate scientists say global temperatures rising above 2 degrees Celsius could be extremely dangerous. The 1992 Convention, 1997 Kyoto Protocol, 2009 Copenhagen Accord and subsequent agreements have failed to translate the goal and achieve the threshold target as no serious and viable policies are forthcoming. Instead, the United Nations’ climate conferences have become a yearly chore for diplomats.
The complexities of climate change governance arise not only from the nature and uncertainty of its impact, but also from its embedded relationships with social, cultural, political, economic, historical and institutional dimensions. Appropriate responses to address the challenges of climate change are difficult in the absence of potential solutions in sight. The pre-requisite for any effective policy responses is that the decision making process be democratic, transparent, and inclusive so that the ultimate addressees can ‘own’ the problem and contribute to solutions.
A sizable literature focuses on the causes and reasons behind climate change and advocates radical actions to arrest it. Other research highlights economic implications, alternatives to fossil fuels, consumption and production, scientific uncertainty and challenges the perennial North-South politics in seeking to explain the lack of progress. There has been little research on why international climate change governance is making only incremental progress. This thesis takes as its starting point the paucity of attention to working out how and why progress has not been made, drawing on insights from climate change negotiations, major climate agreements and analyses of data on media communications on the issues of international climate change negotiations for policy making.
The research recognizes the complexity of climate change and takes a comprehensive approach in considering why has there been little progress in the making of an effective international climate change governance to prevent climate change. The thesis takes three complementary approaches in addressing the central research question. The first develops from the concept of a democratic deficit and posits that the failure of progress can be attributed to a lack of the democratic processes in grappling with the issues. The second explores the state-centric framework of UNFCCC and posits that since the environmental issues are non-territorial, the challenges postulated by climate change cannot be resolved and progress made by solely relying on a state-centric approach. The third is to do with media communications and posits the role of the media in public education as central to develop the necessary public support for addressing the issues of climate change. The Kyoto Protocol and the Copenhagen Accord, and how they were achieved are central to this research as these are the two major climate change agreements achieved internationally so far.
This research concludes that the approaches we have adopted so far have been inadequate because of the lack of involvement of the main stakeholders in decision making processes. The common but differentiated and historical responsibilities, pertinent principles in 1992, no longer reflect current economic growth and greenhouse gas emission patterns. There is a need to review our state-centric institutional framework toward a more inclusive, participatory, and deliberative accountability whereby the public and businesses can ‘own’ the problem. The role of the media is paramount in this because it is the media that passes information from the scientists, experts and policy makers to the public. The research concludes that the media has a key role to play and needs to be more critical in advancing measures to address the problems of climate change
WSJ to Publish ICRC's February Report
No full textEmail reports that WSJ would be publishing the ICRC report on GTMO; reports call from ICRC indicating that they were not the source of the leak.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-10T14:28:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Adapting WSJ-trained parsers to the British national corpus using in-domain self-training
Get PDFWe introduce a set of 1,000 gold standard parse trees for the British National Corpus (BNC) and perform a series of self-training experiments with Charniak and Johnson’s
reranking parser and BNC sentences. We show that retraining this parser with a combination of one million BNC parse trees
(produced by the same parser) and the original WSJ training data yields improvements of 0.4% on WSJ Section 23 and 1.7% on the new BNC gold standard set
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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