1,721,679 research outputs found
Therapeutic treatment with Laquinimod reduces inflammation, demyelination and axonal damage in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
No full textInsight into the mechanism of laquinimod action
No full textLaquinimod is a small, novel, orally active, well-tolerated molecule that significantly reduced gadolinium-enhancing lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Orally administered laquinimod was found to be present within the central nervous system (CNS) in both healthy mice and mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Laquinimod inhibits development of both acute and chronic EAE. Furthermore, laquinimod minimizes inflammation, demyelination and axonal damage in MOG-induced EAE in mice treated at disease induction and following clinical disease onset. In vitro, laquinimod down-regulates secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhances production of anti-inflammatory cytokines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from healthy subjects and untreated relapsing remitting (RR) MS patients. Additionally, patients treated with laquinimod demonstrate up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the serum. In conclusion, treatment with laquinimod is effective in reducing inflammation, demyelination and axonal damage. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Teva Pharmaceutical Ind
Oligodendroglial cells are present in a subset of inactive MS lesions with pronounced axonal damage
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Reduced inflammation, demyelination and axonal damage after therapeutic laquinimod treatment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
No full textTherapeutic treatment with Laquinimod reduces inflammation, demyelination and axonal damage in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
No full textReduced inflammation, demyelination and axonal damage after therapeutic laquinimod treatment in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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