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ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND BRAND EQUITY OF SELECTED UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTThis study analyses the relationship between corporate social responsibility and brand equity of Universities in Kenya. Many corporations seem to engage in socially responsible behavior as part of their normal business operations. The socially responsible activities include positive actions towards economic, social and environmental concerns of the society in which the firm operates. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) integrates these concerns into the corporate strategy and operations in a transparent and accountable manner which appears to improve relationships with stakeholders. The study specifically sought to establish the effect of economic responsibilities, legal responsibilities, ethical responsibilities, and philanthropic responsibilities on brand equity of universities in Nakuru County. This study was based on the tenets of the instrumental stakeholder theory which supports the view that CSR is a valid source of intangible competitive advantage. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. It targeted 41 management staff and 17 public relations officers working with these universities. The study adopted census design where all members of the study population participated in the study. A questionnaire with both open and closed ended questions was used in data collection. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences and STATA computer software were used in data analysis. Data analysis was both descriptive and inferential. Descriptive analysis captured measures of distribution and chi-square. On the other hand, inferential analysis was in form of Spearman rank correlation and multiple regression. The study revealed that economic responsibilities, legal responsibilities, ethical responsibilities, and philanthropic responsibilities were significantly related to brand equity in universities. It was further found that CSR activities contribute largely towards enhancement of brand equity in the aforestated institutions. The study concluded that economic responsibilities were vital in enhancing the value of the university. Adherence to legal responsibilities was crucially important in enhancing the brand equity of the university. It was further concluded that brand equity attracted financiers, donors and other investors to universities. In addition, it was concluded that universities in Nakuru County were concerned about their image and thus engaged in CSR activities in order to enhance their brand. The management of universities is advised not to focus on any economic gains as a result of engaging in CSR activities. More so, universities should seek legal opinion prior to engaging in any CSR activities. In order to attract more students and increase enrolment, universities should enhance their image by upholding unequivocal ethical and moral standing in the society. Moreover, universities are encouraged to embrace philanthropic attitude when dealing internal and external persons and entities
ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND BRAND EQUITY OF SELECTED UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTThis study analyses the relationship between corporate social responsibility and brand equity of Universities in Kenya. Many corporations seem to engage in socially responsible behavior as part of their normal business operations. The socially responsible activities include positive actions towards economic, social and environmental concerns of the society in which the firm operates. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) integrates these concerns into the corporate strategy and operations in a transparent and accountable manner which appears to improve relationships with stakeholders. The study specifically sought to establish the effect of economic responsibilities, legal responsibilities, ethical responsibilities, and philanthropic responsibilities on brand equity of universities in Nakuru County. This study was based on the tenets of the instrumental stakeholder theory which supports the view that CSR is a valid source of intangible competitive advantage. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. It targeted 41 management staff and 17 public relations officers working with these universities. The study adopted census design where all members of the study population participated in the study. A questionnaire with both open and closed ended questions was used in data collection. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences and STATA computer software were used in data analysis. Data analysis was both descriptive and inferential. Descriptive analysis captured measures of distribution and chi-square. On the other hand, inferential analysis was in form of Spearman rank correlation and multiple regression. The study revealed that economic responsibilities, legal responsibilities, ethical responsibilities, and philanthropic responsibilities were significantly related to brand equity in universities. It was further found that CSR activities contribute largely towards enhancement of brand equity in the aforestated institutions. The study concluded that economic responsibilities were vital in enhancing the value of the university. Adherence to legal responsibilities was crucially important in enhancing the brand equity of the university. It was further concluded that brand equity attracted financiers, donors and other investors to universities. In addition, it was concluded that universities in Nakuru County were concerned about their image and thus engaged in CSR activities in order to enhance their brand. The management of universities is advised not to focus on any economic gains as a result of engaging in CSR activities. More so, universities should seek legal opinion prior to engaging in any CSR activities. In order to attract more students and increase enrolment, universities should enhance their image by upholding unequivocal ethical and moral standing in the society. Moreover, universities are encouraged to embrace philanthropic attitude when dealing internal and external persons and entities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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