196,350 research outputs found
Detection and prevention of bacteria in bone and joints - on microbial diagnostics and cloxacillin prophylaxis
No full textBone and joint infections (BJI) are challenging concerning diagnostics, treatment, and outcome. While physicians struggle to diagnose and manage BJI, patients often suffer pain, disability and require long-term antibiotic treatments.To increase the knowledge on which bacteria cause BJIs, a retrospective study on 363 patients from Södersjukhuset was performed. Staphylococcus aureus was the dominating cause, even in patients receiving antibiotics to avoid staphylococci, through cloxacillin prophylaxis. However, in 25% of the cases the bacterial aetiology could not be defined. 16S rDNA sequencing has been proposed to reduce the proportion of cases where the bacterial cause of BJI is not found. To assess this, a prospective study was designed, analysing 28 episodes of post-operative BJI, comparing conventional culture with sequencing, in patients on antibiotics. Sequencing was helpful in 5/28 cases (18%). Multiple samples per patient helped distinguishing contaminating bacteria from bacteria causing infection .Cloxacillin prophylaxis is dosed with little consideration of kidney function, duration of surgery or weight. Hypothesising that this dosing manner leads to insufficient concentrations to inhibit the growth of methicillin susceptible staphylococci in certain individuals, 204 patients subjected to primary hip or knee arthroplasty were prospectively assessed concerning free cloxacillin concentrations throughout surgery. Fifteen percent of the patients had concentrations 90, weight >100 kg and duration of surgery 90-120 minutes from the pre-operative dose of cloxacillin. Results also showed that the present guideline for dosing was poorly followed. To propose a new guideline for cloxacillin dosing in joint arthroplasty, safeguarding adequate levels throughout surgery in all patients, pharmacodynamic modelling was done, showing that even with optimal guideline adherence, patients would be at risk of inadequate cloxacillin levels during surgery. Monte Carlo simulation concluded that administering cloxacillin via a short bolus infusion of 1 to 2 grams before surgery, followed by a continuous infusion of 1 gram/hour , could ensure adequate levels in all patients. This without increasing the total dose given, compared to present dosing guidelines.List of scientific papersI. Wallander K, Jorup-Rönström C, Ullberg M, Törnblom I, Ottosson C, Giske CG. Etiology of bone and joint infections: a case series of 363 consecutive patients from an orthopaedic infection unit. Infect Dis (Lond). 2016 Aug, 48(8), 618-625. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2016.1183814II. Wallander K, Vondracek M, Giske CG. Evaluation of multi-sample 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing for the diagnosis of postoperative bone and joint infections during antimicrobial treatment. BMC Research Notes. 2022 Mar(22);15(1):113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-022-05992-7III. Wallander K, Beijer G, Eliasson E, Giske CG, Ponzer S, Söderquist B, Eriksen J. Is current guidance for cloxacillin prophylaxis dosages in hip and knee arthroplasty adequate? Evidence from a prospective Swedish cohort. Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. [Submitted]IV. Beijer G, Wallander K, Söderquist B, Giske CG, Breuer O, Eriksen J, Eliasson E. Optimising cloxacillin prophylaxis in hip and knee arthroplasty based on population pharmacokinetics of unbound plasma concentrations. [Manuscript]</p
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
Cognitive status as a risk factor for maladjustment in children with a physical disability
No full textInvestigated the association between cognitive
status and adjustment in children who have a physical
disability, in three independent studies. In Study 1, 119
mothers reported on the cognitive status and behavioral
adjustment of their children, ages 2-18, who had
varying physical or sensory impairments. In Study 2,
the intellectual level of 50 children, ages 6-1 1, with
either spina bifida or cerebral palsy, was estimated
from cognitive test information while mothers reported
on the children’s behavioral adjustment. In Study 3,66
adolescents, ages 11-18, with a physical disability
completed an IQ test and reported on their behavioral
adjustment, as did their mothers. Severity of physical
disability was also assessed in each study. No relationships
could be found between any index of
cognitive status and any adjustment measure when
controlling for severity of physical disability. The
overwhelming majority of zero-order relationships
were also not significant. These findings were discussed
in relation to Wallander and Varni’s Disability-
Stress-Coping model of adjustment in children with
chronic physical conditions.Este artigo descreve investigag6es sobre a associação entre o estatuto cognitivo e o ajustamento em
crianças com deficiência física, em três estudos independentes.
No Estudo 1, 1 19 m5es prestaram informaq20
acerca do estatuto cognitivo e do ajustamento
comportamental dos seus filhos, com idades entre OS 2
e OS 18 anos, e com graus variáveis de deficiência física
ou sensorial. No Estudo 2, o nível intelectual de
50 crianças, com idades entre OS 6 e OS 11 anos e com
spina bifida ou com paralisia cerebral, foi estimado a
partir de testes cognitivos e de relatos maternos sobre
o seu ajustamento comportamental. No Estudo 3, 66
adolescentes, com idades entre OS 11 e OS 18 anos e
com deficiência física, realizaram um teste de QI e
prestaram informação sobre o seu ajustamento comportamental,
relato que também foi feito pelas suas mães. Em cada estudo, a gravidade da deficiência física
foi também avaliada. Controlando a variável
«gravidade da deficiência física», não foi possivel
encontrar relação entre qualquer índice de estatuto
cognitivo e qualquer medida de ajustamento. A grande
maioria de relações de ordem zero também não era
significativa. Estes resultados são discutidos em função
do modelo de Wallander e Varni «Disability-Stress-Coping» sobre o ajustamento em crianças com deficiências
físicas cronicas.National Institutes of Healthinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Simulering av värmeöverföring från en elektronikbox
No full textWhen more and more computing power is needed in todays vechicles, with faster and
more energy consuming computers the cooling of these computers becomes a problem.
Requirements on vibration resistance and protection against moisture leads to
a encapsulation for these computers, which complicates the cooling considerably.
The work has been carried out at Cpac systems AB and has been aimed at simulating
an electronic box that is under development. This is to ensure that heat
transfers becomes sufficient and that no electronic components will be damaged due
to high temperatures.
Several correct simulation models of existing electronics boxes were developed. The
simulation models were verified by performing practical experiments which showed
that the simulation models were in good correspondence with reality.
A new simulation model for the new electronics box was developed with the same
boundary conditions and the values received from previous experiments.
The simulation model of the new electronic box that has been developed can be
used as a basis for decisions regarding:
• Selection of Components
• Component placement
• Enhancement of the box design
Since the new electronic box is not yet produced practical experiments can not be
performed to verify the result from the simulaton. Which becomes a limitation in
this project
Intern experience at CH���M Hill, Inc.: an internship report
No full textIncludes author's vita"Submitted to the College of Engineering of Texas A&M University in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Engineering."Includes bibliographical referencesA review of the author's internship experience with CH���M HILL, Inc.
during the period September 1975 through May 1976 is presented. During this nine month
internship the author worked as an Engineer II in the Industrial Processes discipline of this
large consulting engineering firm... The author's prime responsibility was as one of three
lead design engineers on the design of a large wastewater treatment facility for a pulp mill
in Hoquiam, Washington owned by ITT Rayonier Inc. The work generally consisted of the design
of individual treatment units and associated piping and pumping. The purpose of the project
was to provide wastewater treatment capabilities that would satisfy the effluent limitations
(standards) imposed upon the mill by the State of Washington Department of Ecology and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The author's assignment also entailed necessary
interaction with the project manager and other CH���M HILL design engineers and support staff
members, the client's representatives, and representatives of two other consulting engineering
firms working on the project. Thus, the internship position at CH���M HILL provided considerable
experience coordinating the author's work with the work of other engineers, guiding the design
and administrative efforts of a support staff, and interacting regularly with the client and
other consulting firms. This broad exposure to a variety of engineering and organizational
problems provided a valuable educational experience
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