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    The Civilization Responsibility for the Judge Student Name: walid issa Obayat

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    The Purposed of the civilization Responsibility is the Responsibility about indemnity for damage that caused because of the Lack of Obligation whether the source of the Obligation was the contract , its called the Contractual Responsibility , and if the source of the Obligation was Negligence in a work , it’s called Negligence Responsibility , where the subject of this study about the Civilization Responsibility For the Judge , that judge will be Responsible about indemnity for damage that caused by his false in his own work and here will be controlled by special rules it’s called the Rules of adversary . The subject of this study is about the Civilization Responsibility for the Judge Which it is related to his profession through the Civilization and commercial Procedures law Num (2) for the year (2001) Whence the nature of this responsibility which it’s Contractual or Negligence or a Legal Responsibility , in this study we Explained about the rules of adversary and the legal Philosophy and the Legality To Exempt the judge From the Responsibility during to the infraction Mandatory Law Num (36) for the year (1944) during the Primary law that text about the Responsibility for the country of indemnity for the mistakes of the judicial authority that texted in the Civilization and Commercial Procedures Law in Palestine Under The Title THE RULES OF ADVERSARY , and we explained about the Reasons and cases of the judges strife that texted in the Law . This study Focusing on the Judges strife case and his Civilization Responsibility about big mistakes that done by judge during to his Profession , and this study does not Focusing about Administrator mistakes that causes Which can not be a Reason For Responsibility , and this study does not Focusing about the Criminal Responsibility For Judge if he does a Crime . And this study doesn’t Focusing on Judges Responsibilities of Contractual Correlation and Mistakes in their Own life out of their Professions . and this rules of adversary Which is the Subject of our study is Specialized in the Civilization Responsibility about Mistakes that Causes by the Judge during his Judicial Profession and anything Related to that . And these Rules includes all Judges that Known in the Judicial Authority Law , and its important for the adversarial Case to be accepted the Existence OF Damage and a Reason For the Adversarial . And we studied Also in this search the Procedures and the rules of the adversary Case through the Procedures Before the Lawsuit and the Parties of the LAwSuit and the Set up Procedures for the Lawsuit and the Competent court in this Lawsuit , and also we studied through this subject the Responsibility Range of the Supreme Judicial council about Judges work By studying the Responsibility of the Country about the Judicial Authority Mistakes and the Possibility of adversary about Deputations annulment , and the Possibility of adversarial to the Administrator decisions that related in courts Forming and Judges Advancement . This study explained the Range to the Civilization Responsibility For Judge and to Achieve this purpose we Settled the Comparision Analytical Method through collecting information about the Civilization Responsibility and to fit the Texts on the Responsibility of the Judge , and to Analyze these Texts and compares Texts to Reach to the Main Purpose which it is The civilization Responsibility for Judge . The Summarization of this study that the Judge Responsibility in Palestine it is a Special Responsibility cause it has a special texts about it that Differentiate it from others Lawsuits and special Procedures and Purposes and Cases and effects, and it Also has a dual Nature about indemnity and nullity, so this LawSuit has a special nature and a Dual Nature and it’s a Personality Responsibility for the Judge in the face of the Adversary and to The country that can Return on the judge. In The End , this Study Recommends to Add the Cheating situation and justice denial and Perfidy and Bribery and stealing and Spoliation and hiding and not to signature the Adjudication or it’s draft and the embezzlement and Exploitation of the job to The adversary Reasons , and this study also Recommends to Cancel the Text of the article Number (154) From the Palestinian Civilization and commercial Procedures Law which it must be removed a condition that must Notify the high Judicial court Before Submitting the Adversary Lawsuit Because this can Restricts The Right of Litigation and this is a Legal right For Every Body

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used

    Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902

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    In Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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