481 research outputs found
Michał Hanel ze Lwowa – lekarz i poseł Jagiellonów
Get PDFThis article is an attempt to present the Michał Hanel’s biography and the history of his social advancement. He was ennobled citizen of Lviv and medicine doctor who became the archpriest of Buda church and the provost of Esztergom as well as the personal doctor of Władyslaw II Jagiellon, the king of Hungary and Czech.Hanel’s career in court structures and church hierarchy is an example of strong relationships between Polish Kingdom, Hungarian Kingdom and Czech Kingdom under the rule of Jagiellonian dynasty and also an example of the possibilities of social and economic advancements in the first half of the 16th century. Hanel participated in the institution of dynasty marriages and as an envoy he carried classified messages between Buda and Krakow. As a longtime confessor and personal doctor of Władysław king, he became a figure salient for the current affairs in the Kingdom of Hungary, and Polish-Hungarian relations in the early decades of the 16th century.The main aim of this article is to reconstruct the way in which Hanel advanced in social circles. The next step is to compare the said way to other examples of social advancement known to historiography. The results of my research are presented in the form of case study. Moreover, another, equally important aim of the study is to contribute to the debate on the division of estates in Europe in the Jagiellonian period. I hope that this article will serve to start investigation into the biography of Michał Hanel and the history of his family.Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą prezentacji postaci i awansu społecznego Michała Hanela, nobilitowanego obywatela Lwowa, doktora medycyny Uniwersytetu Bolońskiego, nadwornego lekarza króla Czech i Węgier Władysława II Jagiellończyka, a także archiprezbitera kościoła NMP w Budzie i prepozyta kościoła św. Stefana w Ostrzyhomiu.Kariera Michała Hanela w strukturach dworskich i hierarchii kościelnej jest przykładem silnych związków miedzy królestwami Polski, Czech i Węgier pod panowaniem dynastii Jagiellonów oraz możliwych ścieżek awansu społecznego i majątkowego na przełomie XV i XVI w. Działając ponad granicami królestw brał czynny udział w polityce dynastycznej Jagiellonów. Jako poseł i dyplomata uczestniczył w kreowaniu królewskich mariaży oraz przekazywał poufne informacje miedzy dworami w Budzie i Krakowie. Pełniąc wieloletnią funkcję osobistego lekarza i spowiednika króla Władysława II Jagiellończyka stał się postacią o niemałym znaczeniu dla bieżącej polityki Królestwa Węgier oraz relacji polsko-węgierskich w pierwszych dekadach XVI w.Celem prezentowanego artykułu jest odtworzenie na podstawie rozproszonych i niejednoznacznych źródeł drogi awansu Michała Hanela, a następnie porównanie jej z rozpoznanymi już w historiografii przykładami awansu międzystanowego i przedstawienie wypracowanych wniosków w postaci dość powszechnego ‘studium przypadku’. Równorzędnym celem moich rozważań jest także dyskusja z popularnymi tezami dotyczącymi hermetycznego podziału stanowego w Europie Jagiellonów
Directors' personal liability-is the proposed amendment to Section 197 acceptable when compared with Hanel v O'Neill?
No full textOn 2 June 2005, the Australian Government announced a proposal to amend s. 197 of the Corporations Act. This is to overturn the decision in Hanel v. O'Neill ("Hanel") where the South Australian Supreme Court has expanded the circumstances in which directors of trustee companies can be held personally liable for the debts under the current section 197(1) of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). The multiple interpretations presented in Hanel highlighted the uncertainty of s. 197 and this uncertainty is heightened in at least two subsequent cases. The article provides a detailed analysis of how the decision in Hanel is affecting the directors' freedom of management and suggests some precautionary measures that the directors could take as protection against creditor's actions under s. 197. The author welcomes the proposed amendment because the new section will create certainty for directors as to. the scope of their potential personal liability, but contends that the substance of the proposed s. 197 is not acceptable as there is potential for abuse by directors of certain trustee companies.<br
Directors’ personal liability – is the proposed Amendment To section 197 acceptable when compared with Hanel v. O’Neill?
No full textOn 2 June 2005, the Australian Government announced a proposal to amend s. 197 of the Corporations Act. This is to overturn the decision in Hanel v. O'Neill ('Hanel') where the South Australian Supreme Court has expanded the circumstances in which directors of trustee companies can be held personally liable for the debts under the current section 197(1) of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). The multiple interpretations presented in Hanel highlighted the uncertainty of s. 197 and this uncertainty is heightened in at least two subsequent cases. The article provides a detailed analysis of how the decision in Hanel is affecting the directors' freedom of management and suggests some precautionary measures that the directors could take as protection against creditor's actions under s. 197. The author welcomes the proposed amendment because the new section will create certainty for directors as to the scope of their potential personal liability, but contends that the substance of the proposed s. 197 is not acceptable as there is potential for abuse by directors of certain trustee companies.</p
Occlusal analysis by the digital T-Scan III System in comparison to Hanel occlusion foil
No full textDas Ziel dieser klinisch-experimentellen Studie war es, die Anwendbarkeit des
T-Scan-III-Systems in vivo zu untersuchen. Insbesondere wurde die
Reproduzierbarkeit der Sensorfolien sowie die Genauigkeit der registrierten
Kontaktpunkte hinsichtlich ihrer Anzahl pro Zahn und Lokalisation auf der
Zahnfläche überprüft. Die Untersuchung erfolgte an 20 Probanden, die ein
eugnathes und vollständig bezahntes (mindestens bis zum zweiten Molaren), ein
im kautragenden Bereich restaurationsfreies Gebiss sowie keine
kraniomandibulären Dysfunktionen aufwiesen. Als Goldstandard und Referenz
wurden die Kontaktpunkte im Mund mit Hanelfolie markiert. Als Messparameter
wurde die Anzahl der Kontaktpunkte pro Zahn gewählt, dies spezifiziert nach
Front- und Seitenzähnen und weiter verfeinert durch die Evaluation der
Kontakte pro Zahnfläche (zervikal, tuberkulär, inzisal für Frontzähne, mesial,
distal, bukkal, oral für Seitenzähne). Die Reliabilität der
Okklusionsprüfmethoden wurde sowohl für die Hanelfolie als auch für die T
-Scan-III- Folie durch wiederholte Messungen getestet. Die Reliabilität der
Interpretation der Okklusionsergebnisse beider Methoden erfolgte durch eine
zeitlich völlig unabhängige zweite Auswertung aller Messergebnisse nach sechs
Monaten durch dieselbe Untersucherin. Für die T-Scan-III-Folie wurde zudem ein
Belastungstest vorgenommen. Die T-Scan-III-Folie ermittelte signifikant
weniger Kontakte als die Hanelfolie. Die Übereinstimmung beider Messverfahren
war lediglich mittelmäßig bezogen auf alle Kontaktpunkte und nur leicht
differenziert nach Front- und Seitenzähnen. Betrachtet man die verschiedenen
Zahnflächen der Front- und Seitenzähne (zervikal, tuberkulär, inzisal bzw.
mesial, distal, bukkal, oral), so traten Abweichungen zwischen den beiden
Okklusionskontrollmethoden zu über 37% auf, wobei das T-Scan-III verglichen
mit dem Goldstandard der Hanelfolie falsch positive und auch falsch negative
Okklusionspunkte angab. Die Überprüfung der Beurteilungsmethode anhand einer
zweiten Evaluation ergab eine nahezu vollständige Übereinstimmung sowohl für
die Anzahl der Messpunkte insgesamt, unterschieden nach Front- und
Seitenzähnen, als auch bezogen auf die Zahnflächen. Eine gute Reliabilität der
Okklusionskontakte mittels der Hanelfolie konnte durch mehrfache Kontrollen
bestätigt werden. Die Sensorfolie des T-Scan-III-Systems wies keine
Übereinstimmung bei wiederholten Kontrollen mit stets neuen Folien auf. Die
mehrfache Verwendung derselben Folie zeigte deutlich eine Abnahme der
getesteten Kontaktpunkte. Das T-Scan-III-System ist im Vergleich mit der
herkömmlichen Hanelfolie für eine exakte Okklusionsanalyse nicht geeignet. Für
die Okklusionsanalyse sollten herkömmliche Okklusionsindikatoren verwendet
werden.The aim of this clinical experimental study was to investigate the
applicability of the T-Scan III system in vivo. In particular, the
reproducibility of the sensor foils as well as the accuracy of the registered
contact points were examined with regard to their number per tooth and their
localization on the tooth surface. The investigation was performed on 20 test
persons with a complete dentition (at least up to the second molars), an
eugnathic bite without any restorations in the central chewing area and who
didn’t experience any craniomandibular dysfunctions. The contact points in the
mouth were marked with Hanel foil as a gold standard and reference. The number
of contact points per tooth was selected as measurement parameter, classified
by anterior and posterior teeth and further refined by the evaluation of
contacts per tooth surface (cervical, tubercular, incisal for incisors;
mesial, distal, buccal, oral for posterior teeth). The reliability of the
occlusion test method was tested for both the Hanel foil and for the T-Scan
III foil by repeated measurements. The reliability of the interpretation of
the occlusion results for both methods was carried out by a fully independent
(in terms of time) second evaluation of all measured results after six months
by the same investigator. A load test was additionally conducted for the
T-Scan III foil. The T-Scan III foil detected significantly fewer contacts
than the Hanel foil. The agreement between both measurement methods was merely
mediocre, based on all the contact points, and only slightly differentiated by
anterior and posterior teeth. Looking at the different tooth surfaces of the
anterior and posterior teeth (cervical, tubercular, incisal and mesial,
distal, buccal, oral), discrepancies between the two occlusion control methods
occurred to over 37%. The T-Scan III, compared with the gold standard of Hanel
foil, stated both false positive and false negative occlusion points. The
review of the assessment method on a second evaluation showed an almost
complete match for both the number of measurement points in total,
differentiated by anterior and posterior teeth as well as with respect to the
tooth surfaces. A good reliability of the occlusal contacts by the Hanel foil
was confirmed through multiple inspections, while the T-Scan III foil had no
match through repeated checks with always new foils. The multiple use of the
same foil clearly showed a decrease in the tested contact points. Compared
with the conventional Hanel foil, the T-Scan III system is not adequate for
precise occlusal analysis. For the occlusal analysis, conventional occlusal
indicators should be used
Directors’ personal liability – is the proposed Amendment To section 197 acceptable when compared with Hanel v. O’Neill?
No full textOn 2 June 2005, the Australian Government announced a proposal to amend s. 197 of the Corporations Act. This is to overturn the decision in Hanel v. O'Neill ('Hanel') where the South Australian Supreme Court has expanded the circumstances in which directors of trustee companies can be held personally liable for the debts under the current section 197(1) of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). The multiple interpretations presented in Hanel highlighted the uncertainty of s. 197 and this uncertainty is heightened in at least two subsequent cases. The article provides a detailed analysis of how the decision in Hanel is affecting the directors' freedom of management and suggests some precautionary measures that the directors could take as protection against creditor's actions under s. 197. The author welcomes the proposed amendment because the new section will create certainty for directors as to the scope of their potential personal liability, but contends that the substance of the proposed s. 197 is not acceptable as there is potential for abuse by directors of certain trustee companies.</p
Alves_PsychologSci_2018_AvOr - Hanel - Reproduction (with author data & code) - 21352
No full textStress-mediated nuclear stabilization of p53 is regulated by ubiquitination and importin-α3 binding
No full textThe activity of p53 as an inducible transcription factor depends on its rapid nuclear stabilization after stress. However, surprisingly, mechanism(s) that regulate nuclear p53 accumulation are not well understood. The current model of stress-induced nuclear accumulation holds that a decrease in p53 nuclear export leads to its nuclear stabilization. We show here that regulated nuclear import of p53 also has a critical function. p53 import is mediated by binding to the importin-alpha 3 adapter and is negatively regulated by ubiquitination. p53 harbors several nuclear localization signals (NLS), with the major NLS I located at amino-acids 305-322. We find that direct binding of p53 to importin-alpha 3 depends on the positive charge contributed by lysine residues 319-321 within NLS I. The same lysines are also targets of MDM2-mediated ubiquitination. p53 ubiquitination occurs primarily in unstressed cells, but decreases dramatically after stress. Importin-alpha 3 preferentially interacts with non-ubiquitinated p53. Thus, under normal growth conditions, ubiquitination of Lys 319-321 negatively regulates p53-importin-alpha 3 binding, thereby restraining p53 import. Conversely, stress-induced accumulation of non-ubiquitinated p53 in the cytoplasm promotes interaction with importin-alpha 3 and rapid import. In later phases of the stress response, blocked nuclear export also takes effect. We propose that p53 nuclear import defines an important novel level of regulation in the p53-mediated stress response. Cell Death and Differentiation (2010) 17, 255-267; doi:10.1038/cdd.2009.173; published online 20 November 200
Alves_PsychologSci_2018_AvOr - Hanel - Reproduction (with author data & code) - 21352
No full textAlves_PsychologSci_2018_AvOr - Hanel - Reproduction (with author data & code) - 21352
No full textPopulation genetic and phylogenetic insights into the adaptive radiation of Antarctic notothenioid fishes
Get PDFAdaptive radiation is the evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within a rapidly
multiplying lineage, a phenomenon that is considered responsible for a great part of Earthʼs
biodiversity. It occurs as a response to ecological opportunity in the form of competitor-free
habitat, extinction of antagonists, or the emergence of a key innovation. One of the most
spectacular adaptive radiations in the marine realm is the diversification of notothenioid fishes in
the freezing waters of Antarctica. This radiation has led to a unique dominance of the Antarctic
marine habitat by notothenioids, and is often assumed to result from the key innovation of
freeze resistance. Antifreeze glycoproteins are present in blood and tissue of Antarctic
notothenioids and enable them to survive in their sub-zero environment. Notothenioids are
further characterized by prolonged pelagic larval stages, that have been suggested to contribute
to high levels of inter-population gene flow with oceanic currents, which seems to contradict the
high speciation rates observed in the notothenioid adaptive radiation. This doctoral work uses
molecular tools to investigate the character of gene flow in notothenioids as well as the origin of
their diversification. It is demonstrated that larval dispersal is a common agent of long-distance
gene flow in many notothenioid species. The key innovation hypothesis is corroborated by an
extensive molecular dating of the divergence events of notothenioids and related acanthomorph
fishes. New tools for the analysis of microsatellite markers and for Bayesian divergence date
estimation are developed
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