96 research outputs found
Data for: Geochemistry and lithostratigraphy of the Mugher Mudstone: Insights into the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Clastic sedimentation in Ethiopia and its surroundings
No full textThe research data contain major, trace and rare earth element composition of 22 samples from the Mugher Mudston
Evaluation of a Smectite Adsorption-Based Electrostatic System to Decontaminate F− Rich Thermal Waters
No full textSeveral studies have shown the presence of fluoride levels much higher than the 1.5 mg/L threshold concentration recommended by WHO in the spring waters and wells of the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Available defluoridation techniques can be costly, present complicated technical aspects, and show limited effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to devise innovative, sustainable, and effective solutions. This study proposes an alternative method of intervention to the known techniques for removing fluoride from water, particularly suitable for smaller rural communities. In particular, in this work, the possibility to use electromagnetic fields as a physical method for removing the excess fluoride was investigated. The study was carried out by developing a multiphysics model used for studying and envisaging the design of a device. In this framework, the combination of this approach with the use of highly reactive smectite clay was numerically studied. The results obtained, although preliminary, indicate that the proposed system could significantly impoverish the waters of the Rift Valley from fluoride, with the consequence of obtaining a resource suitable for human consumption, in particular for rural communities. However, further theoretical investigations and experimental phases will be necessary to achieve the desired results
Book Review: An Emergent Theory of Digital Library Metadata
No full textThis slim volume is a recent release in the long-running Chandos Information Professional Series. Author Getaneh Alemu has an international work history, and is currently cataloguing and metadata librarian at Southampton Solent University in the United Kingdom. Co-author Brett Stevens is a lecturer in the School of Creative Technologies a few miles down the road at the University of Portsmouth
Towards a conceptual framework for user-driven semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries: A social constructivist approach
No full textPurpose – With the aim of developing a conceptual framework which aims to facilitate semantic metadata interoperability, this paper explores overarching conceptual issues on how traditional library information organization schemes such as Online Public Access Catalogues (OPACs), taxonomies, thesauri, and ontologies on the one hand versus Web 2.0 technologies such as social tagging (folksonomies) can be harnessed to provide users with satisfying experiences. Design/methodology/approach –This paper reviews works in relation to current metadata creation, utilization and interoperability approaches focusing on how a social constructivist philosophical perspective can be employed to underpin metadata decisions in digital libraries. Articles are retrieved from databases such as EBSCO host and Emerald and online magazines such as D-Lib and Ariadne. Books, news articles and blog posts that are deemed relevant are also used to support the arguments put forward in this paper. Findings – Current metadata approaches are deeply authoritative and metadata deployments in digital libraries tend to favour an objectivist approach with focus on metadata simplicity. It is argued that unless information objects are enriched with metadata generated through a collaborative and user-driven approach, achieving semantic metadata interoperability in digital libraries will remain difficult. Practical implications – In this paper, it is indicated that the number of metadata elements (fields) constituting a standard has a direct bearing on metadata richness, which in turn directly affects semantic interoperability. It is expected that this paper will contribute towards a better understanding of harnessing user-driven metadata. Originality/value – As suggested in this paper, a conceptual metadata framework which is underpinned by a social constructivist approach substantially contributes to semantic interoperability in digital libraries
Introducing Third-Party Litigation Funding in Ethiopia: Implications for Enhancing Access to Justice
No full textIn our day-to-day experience, it is common to observe persons encountering challenges to exercise their right to access justice due to costly litigation. The litigation expenses that include the advocate’s fee, court fee, and witnesses’ expense are so onerous to some litigants that they resist to start litigation. To mitigate this problem, countries introduced an innovative litigation-funding scheme known as third-party litigation funding or alternative litigation funding (ALF). It is a business system that an investor, not a party to the litigation, funds the costs of litigation of a litigant upon the agreement to receive some portions from the recovery. ALF eases litigants to fund their litigation and thereby ensure their right to access to justice. In Ethiopia, there is no legally recognized scheme of ALF. The aim of this article is, therefore, to examine whether Ethiopia should introduce ALF. In doing so, the author employs a doctrinal research approach. Particularly, the study analyzed commentaries and scholarly research reports as major source of insights on the subject. After examining the issue, the author concluded that the situation in Ethiopia especially the limitations in the legal aid program imperatively requires the introduction of ALF. Finally, this article indicates some regulatory concerns of ALF including disclosure of the agreement, privilege and confidentiality, and funder litigation control
Long-duration laboratory experiment of slow development of steady alternate bars
No full textThe current view is that migrating bars are the result of morphodynamic instability in straight or mildly-sinuous alluvial channels and are therefore an inevitable feature of alluvial river beds. Steady bars, instead, require some external forcing or specific morphodynamic conditions to develop. Yet, recent numerical tests showed that steady bars may develop as a result of spontaneous morphodynamic instability, just like migrating bars, without meeting the specific conditions. We investigated this possibility in the laboratory, following the temporal evolution of alternate bars in a straight flume with mobile bed. The experiment was run with a constant discharge for about 10 weeks. Initially, the bed topography was dominated by the presence of fast growing migrating bars. After three weeks, however, slowly growing, larger, steady bars emerged. These bars had the same wavelength as the ones that formed in another experimental test in which the flow was perturbed by the presence of a transverse plate. The experiment confirms the recent numerical results. Considering that the presence of steady alternate bars is a prerequisite for initiation of meandering, this is now shown to be an inherent feature of alluvial rivers.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Data for: Geochemistry and lithostratigraphy of the Mugher Mudstone: Insights into the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Clastic sedimentation in Ethiopia and its surroundings
No full textThe research data contain major, trace and rare earth element composition of 22 samples from the Mugher Mudston
Capital flight and its effect on private investment: empirical evidence from Ethiopia
No full textAbstract This study examines the impact of capital flight on private investment in Ethiopia over the period 1970–2020, estimating the magnitude of capital flight at 1.5 billion annually. Using the ARDL bounds testing approach, we find that capital flight significantly hinders domestic investment financing in both the short and long run. In addition, government spending, foreign exchange reserves, and bank credit to the private sector complement private investment in the long run but constrain it in the short run. Our analysis also identifies a strong negative effect of foreign aid on private investment. The findings highlight the importance of robust institutions, transparency, and the rule of law to mitigate capital flight and foster private investment in Ethiopia. This study contributes unique insights into the Ethiopian context, offering policy implications for addressing capital flight and promoting economic growth
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