12,200 research outputs found
The loss of *g before *m in Proto-Slavic
No full textThis paper proposes a new sound rule for Proto-Slavic, according to which *g (from PIE *g, *gw, *gh, and *gwh) was lost before *m. This development was posterior to Winter’s law and the merger of voiced and aspirated stop in Slavic. The operation of the rule is illustrated by new etymologies of four Slavic words: *ama, *jama ‘hole, pit’, *těmę ‘sinciput’, *mąžь ‘husband, man’, and *remy ‘leather belt’
Utilization of Palm-mat Geotextiles to Conserve Agricultural Soils.
No full textPreviously, most studies on the effectiveness of geotextiles on soil erosion rates and processes were conducted in laboratory experiments for <1 h. Hence, at Hilton (52o33' N, 2o19' W), East Shropshire, UK, we investigated the effectiveness of employing palm-mat geotextiles (Borassus and Buriti mats) to reduce rainsplash erosion, runoff and soil loss under field conditions. This study is a component of the European Union-funded BORASSUS Project. The effects of Borassus mats on rainsplash erosion were studied for ~2 years (2002-2004), and re-established in January 2007 on a 0o slope. There were 12 experimental plots (six plots completely-covered with mats and six bare plots; each measuring 1.0 x 1.0 m). Runoff-plot studies were also conducted on the loamy sand soil at Hilton for 2 years (2002-2004) with duplicate treatments: (i) bare soil; (ii) grassed, (iii) bare soil with 1 m Borassus-mat buffer zones at the lower end of the plots and (iv) completely-covered with Borassus-mats. Each plot was 10 x 1 m on a 15o (26.6%) slope. To confirm the results, another set of experiments have been in progress at Hilton since January 2007, with one additional treatment (bare soil with 1 m Buriti-mat buffer zones) compared with the earlier experiment. Runoff and soil erosion were collected from each plot in a concrete gutter, leading to a 0.02 m3 (20 liters) capacity receptacle placed inside a 0.14 m3 (140 liters) capacity container. Results (06/10/02-02/09/04; total precipitation = 1038.3 mm) showed Borassus mats on bare soil reduced total rainsplash erosion by ~50% compared with bare plots (9.64 kg m-2; 1.97 lb ft-2). The use of Borassus mats on bare soil (during 01/22/07-01/21/08; total precipitation = 919.2 mm) also reduced soil splash erosion by ~90%. During 03/25/02-05/10/04 (total precipitation = 1319.8 mm) complete cover of Borassus mats on bare soil reduced total runoff by ~19% and soil erosion by ~64%. Furthermore, Borassus mats as 1 m buffer strips on bare soil reduced runoff by ~36% and soil erosion by ~57%. During 01/08/07-01/14/08 (total precipitation = 923.4 mm), plots with Borassus and Buriti mats as buffer strips on bare soil reduced sediment yield by ~93 and 98%, respectively, and runoff by ~83 and 63%, respectively. Buffer strips of Borassus mats were also as effective as complete cover of the same mats. Thus, utilization of palm-mat geotextiles as buffer strips on bare plots (area coverage ~10%) is highly effective for soil and water conservation
Meditation Awareness Training (MAT) for work-related wellbeing and job performance: a randomised controlled trial
No full textDue to its potential to concurrently improve work-related wellbeing (WRW) and job performance, occupational stakeholders are becoming increasingly interested in the applications of meditation. The present study conducted the first randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of meditation on outcomes relating to both WRW and job performance. Office-based middle-hierarchy managers (n = 152) received an eight-week meditation intervention (Meditation Awareness Training; MAT) or an active control intervention. MAT participants demonstrated significant and sustainable improvements (with strong effect sizes) over control-group participants in levels of work-related stress, job satisfaction, psychological distress, and employer-rated job performance. There are a number of novel implications: (i) meditation can effectuate a perceptual shift in how employees experience their work and psychological environment and may thus constitute a cost-effective WRW intervention, (ii) meditation-based (i.e., present-moment-focussed) working styles may be more effective than goal-based (i.e., future-orientated) working styles, and (iii) meditation may reduce the separation made by employees between their own interests and those of the organizations they work for
Development of functional drink based on Foam-Mat Dried Papaya (Carica papaya L.): optimisation of foam-mat drying process and its formulation
No full textConstipation is a common public health problem nationally and internationally. Most constipation sufferers would prefer regular intake of some natural food-stuff that prevents the disorder rather than over-the-counter remedies. Papaya (Carica papaya L.) fruit is usually consumed to prevent and manage constipation because it has laxative effect. Development of functional drink based on foam-mat dried papaya has been done. First step was optimisation the foam-mat drying process. Papaya slurry was foamed by adding egg white of 10%, 15% and 20% w/w. The foamed papaya slurry was dried by using hot air drying method at 60°C for 5 hours. Drying yield increased with increasing of egg white concentration. Moisture content, reconstitution and water holding capacity of the products were in range from 2.91 to 3.09%, from 81.34 to 83.42% and from 6.19 to 6.34 g/g, respectively. The second step was formulation of functional drink based on foam-mat dried papaya. Foam-mat dried papaya was dry blended with other ingredients at different ratio of foam-mat dried papaya and skim milk powder of 6:4; 5:5; 4:6 w/w. The different
ratio of foam-mat dried papaya and skim milk powder affected the physicochemical properties (moisture content, reconstitution, viscosity, turbidity, water holding capacity and stability) and sensory properties (colour, viscosity, aroma and taste) of the product. Consuming of the formulated-product twice a day could supply 9.54% of recommended daily intake of dietary fiber. The developed product has a great potential as a functional drink to prevent and manage constipation
Inject-o-mat 600-4, ca. 1975.
No full textInject-o-mat 600-4, ca. 1975. 1 photograph : col. ; 26x21 cm. The G-O-C company, Huntington, W. Va.https://mds.marshall.edu/marshall_regional_photograph_collection/1254/thumbnail.jp
Miss Viola Sinclair, Alton F. Skipper, and G. W. Bluethman
No full textGlass doors swing open automatically when the shopper steps on the magic mat at the new Safeway Store. The trio, left to right, show how it is done: Miss Viola Sinclair, with arms laden with food; Alton F. Skipper, store manager, and G. W. Bluethman, district manager, who is entering the store through an adjoining door. Published in Fort Worth Star-Telegram morning edition July 8, 1951.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1950s/13559/thumbnail.jp
Lipid taphonomy in the Proterozoic and the effect of microbial mats on biomarker preservation
No full textThe pre-Ediacaran biomarker record has several characteristic features that distinguish it from its Phanerozoic counterpart, including high concentrations of unresolved complex mixture (UCM), low concentrations or absence of eukaryotic steranes, and a conspicuous carbon isotopic enrichment of n-alkyl lipids relative to bulk sedimentary carbon. We propose that these derive from a common, non-actualistic taphonomy based on the pervasive presence of microbial mats prior to the "Cambrian substrate revolution." Such mats would have formed a significant mechanical and biochemical barrier to in-falling plankton, leaving a biomarker record dominated by benthic microbial lipids, most of which would have originated from the lower, heterotrophically reworked layers of the mat. Most Proterozoic biomarker assemblages studied in this work derive from shallow-water sediments, where cyanobacteria-dominated upper mats represent a focused source of corrosive molecular oxygen. This "mat-seal effect" was broken with the onset of bioturbation in the Ediacaran and early Cambrian, at which point the primary source of fossil biomarkers switched from the benthos to the plankton
Możliwość powtórnego wykorzystania keramzytu w szklarniowej uprawie pomidora. Część I. Plonowanie i skład chemiczny owoców
No full textOne of the possibility that allow costs of soilless tomato culture to be reduced is to reuse the same growing medium. Expanded clay is classified as an inert medium, that is, chemically and biologically passive, although some studies indicate the possibility of the occurrence of exchange sorption and ion adsorption in this medium during cultivation. The aim of the study, conducted in the period 2007–2008, was to determine the usefulness of expanded clay being post-production waste in soilless tomato culture under extended cycle conditions. The study used new expanded clay (I) as the control and expanded clay being post-production waste from year-round tomato cultivation with the following experimental design: chemically sterilized material (II); material washed in water with the remains of the old root system of plants removed and additionally chemically sterilized (III); and material without any modifying treatments (IV). Expanded clay was placed in 12 dm3 poly sleeves and formed in the shape of growing slabs. Crops were grown using a drip irrigation and fertilization system with closed nutrient solution circulation, without recirculation. The nutrient solution was supplied to all plants in the same amount and with the same composition. The study found the lowest total fruit yield (15.10 kg·plant-1) and marketable fruit yield (14.07 kg·plant-1) of tomato grown in reused expanded clay without any modifying treatments (IV), whereas this yield was significantly higher from tomato plants grown in the material washed and additionally chemically sterilized (III). Fruits with the highest unit weight (150.8 g) were picked from plants grown in new expanded clay (I), while fruits with a significantly lower weight (138.6 g) were obtained from the treatments with the reused medium both washed and chemically sterilized (III). Fruits of tomato plants growing in reused expanded clay subjected to washing and chemical sterilization (III) contained the highest amount of dry matter (5.71%) and total sugars (3.08% fr.w.), whereas fruits of tomato grown in the new medium (I) had the highest amount of vitamin C (21.96 mg·100 g⁻¹ FW), zinc (25.86 mg·kg⁻¹ d.w) and copper (6.10 mg·kg⁻¹ d.w).Jednym z rozwiązań umożliwiających ograniczenie kosztów uprawy pomidora w systemie bezglebowym jest ponowne wykorzystanie tego samego podłoża uprawowego. Keramzyt klasyfikowany jest jako podłoże inertne, czyli bierne chemicznie i biologicznie, chociaż niektóre badania wskazują na możliwość występowania w trakcie uprawy w tym podłożu sorpcji wymiennej i adsorpcji jonów. Badania przeprowadzone w latach 2007–2008 miały na celu określenie przydatności keramzytu będącego odpadem poprodukcyjnym w bezglebowej uprawie pomidora w cyklu wydłużonym. W badaniach zastosowano keramzyt nowy (I) jako kontrolę oraz keramzyt będący odpadem poprodukcyjnym z całosezonowej uprawy pomidora w następującym układzie: materiał odkażony chemicznie (II), materiał wypłukany w wodzie z usunięciem pozostałości starego systemu korzeniowego roślin i dodatkowo odkażony chemicznie (III) oraz materiał bez jakichkolwiek zabiegów modyfikujących (IV). Keramzyt był umieszczany w rękawach foliowych o objętości 12 dm3 i formowany na kształt mat uprawowych. Uprawę prowadzono z wykorzystaniem kroplowego systemu nawożenia i nawadniania z zamkniętym obiegiem pożywki, bez recyrkulacji. Pod wszystkie rośliny dostarczano pożywkę w takiej samej ilości i o takim samym składzie. W badaniach stwierdzono najmniejszy plon ogólny (15,10 kg·roślina⁻¹ ⁻¹) oraz handlowy (14,07 kg·roślina⁻¹) owoców pomidora przy uprawie w keramzycie powtórnie użytkowanym bez żadnych zabiegów modyfikujących (IV), natomiast istotnie większy przy uprawie w materiale wypłukanym i dodatkowo odkażonym chemicznie (III). Owoce o największej masie jednostkowej (150,8 g) zebrano z roślin uprawianych w keramzycie nowym (I) a istotnie mniejsze (138,6 g) z obiektów z podłożem powtórnie użytkowanym płukanym i jednocześnie odkażanym chemicznie (III). Najwięcej suchej masy (5,71%) oraz cukrów ogółem (3,08% św.m.) zawierały owoce pomidora rosnącego w keramzycie powtórnie użytkowanym po płukaniu i odkażaniu chemicznym (III) natomiast witaminy C (21,96 mg·100 g⁻¹ św. m.), cynku (25,86 mg·kg⁻¹ s.m.) i miedzi (6,10 mg·kg⁻¹ s.m.) owoce pomidora uprawianego w podłożu nowym (I)
A positron annihilation study of crystalline, quasicrystalline and amorphous Al-Cu-T (T=Fe,V) alloys
No full textPT: J; CR: BANCEL PA, 1989, PHYS REV LETT, V63, P2741 BETTERTON JO, 1952, J I MET, V80, P459 BRANDT W, 1967, POSITRON ANNIHILATIO, P155 CALVAYRAC Y, 1990, J PHYS-PARIS, V51, P417 CHIDAMBARAM R, 1990, B AM PHYS SOC, V35, P331 CHIDAMBARAM R, 1990, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V2, P251 DUNLAP RA, 1986, J PHYS F MET PHYS, V16, P11 DUNLAP RA, 1986, J PHYS F MET PHYS, V16, P1247 DUNLAP RA, 1987, J PHYS F MET PHYS, V17, L39 DUNLAP RA, 1988, CAN J PHYS, V66, P476 GURYAN CA, 1989, PHYS REV LETT, V62, P2409 HEINEY PA, 1987, SCIENCE, V238, P660 HIRAGA K, 1988, JPN J APPL PHYS, V27, L951 HUMEROTHERY W, 1962, STRUCTURE METALS ALL JANOT C, 1988, J NONCRYSTALLINE SOL, V106, P193 JANOT C, 1989, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V1, P1029 JANSSEN T, 1986, ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A, V42, P261 KIZUKA T, 1989, PHYS REV B, V40, P796 LAWTHER DW, 1989, CAN J PHYS, V67, P463 PEARSON WB, 1972, CRYSTAL CHEM PHYSICS, CH4 SANYAL MK, 1989, J PHYS-CONDENS MATT, V1, P3733 SCHULTZ PJ, 1988, REV MOD PHYS, V60, P701 SHECHTMAN D, 1984, PHYS REV LETT, V53, P1951 SIEGEL RW, 1980, ANNU REV MATER SCI, V10, P393 TSAI AP, 1987, JPN J APPL PHYS, V26, P1505 VAKS VG, 1988, PHYS LETT A, V132, P131 WAGNER JL, 1988, PHYS REV B, V38, P7436 WAGNER JL, 1989, PHYS REV B, V39, P8091; NR: 28; TC: 10; J9: J PHYS-CONDENS MATTER; PG: 6; GA: DN624Source type: Electronic(1
Application of MAT device to characterize the adhesive bonding strength of membrane in orthotropic steel deck bridges
No full textIn order to characterize adequately the adhesive bonding strength of the various membranes with surrounding materials on orthotropic steel decks and collect the necessary parameters for FE modeling, details of the Membrane Adhesion Test (MAT) have been introduced. Analytical constitutive relations of MAT device have been derived on the basis of Williams (1997). Furthermore, on the basis of experimental data obtained from MAT, ranking of the bonding characteristics of various membrane products is demonstrated as well as the role of other influencing factors, such as the types of substrate and test temperatures.Structural EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
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