331 research outputs found
Scopolamine and MK801-induced working memory deficits in rats are not reversed by CBD-rich cannabis extracts
No full textSmoking marijuana causes working and short-term memory deficits, an effect that is mediated by cannabinoid receptor (CBI) activation in the brain. While this may be due to the main psychoactive constituent Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), plantextracts also contain other cannabinoid and terpenoid compounds with unknown properties. Towards this end, we have recently shown that high concentrations of plant extracts rich in cannabidiol (CBD) can reverse working memory deficits induced by Delta(9)-THC which is a remaining contaminant of this extract [Fadda P, Robinson L, Fratta W. Pertwee RG, Riedel G. Differential effects of THC- and CBD-rich cannabis-ex tracts on working memory in rats. Neuropahrmacology 2004:47:1170-9]. Since this effect was dose-dependent and indicative of memory enhancing qualities of the CBD-rich extract, this prompted a wider investigation into the effects of CBD on other forms of amnesia in order to determine the mechanism of action and to reveal its potency against anticholinergic and antiglutamatergic agents.
We employed a spatial delayed matching to position task in the open-field water maze. Both scopolamine (0.2 mg/kg i.p.) and dizocilpine (MK801: 0.1 mg/kg i.p.) impaired working memory at delays of 30 s and 4 h. Two doses of CBD-rich extracts (5 and 10 mg/kg), which did not affect working memory when given alone, were unable to reverse these deficits when co-administered with scopolamine or MK801.
These data suggest that reversal of working memory deficits by CBD-rich extracts are specific to the cannabinoid system and do not compensate for acutely induced cholinergic or glutamatergic receptor hypoactivity. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Synthesis and opioid receptor affinity of bivalent ligands derived from 3,8-diazabicyclo (3.2.1) octanes
No full textA new series of bivalent ligands (2a-d), derived from the previously reported analgesic 3-cinnamyl-8-propionyl-3,8-diazabicyclo(3.2.1)octane (1a), has been synthesized and tested in vitro for their affinity towards opioid receptors and in vivo for their analgesic potency. None of the new compounds showed either appreciable affinity for opioid receptors or analgesic activity comparable to that of the model 1a
Arnaut Daniel, “Lancan son passat li giure” (BdT 29.11)
No full textThe article provides a commentary of Arnaut Daniel’s “Lancan son passat li giure”, a moralistic song whose main theme is ‘fals’Amor’ (sensual love). The song holds strong intertextual relations with Raimbaut d’Aurenga’s “Apres mon vers vueilh sempr’ordre”, as is shown primarily by the use of the same rhymes ‘-il’ et ‘-iure’, which do not appear elsewhere in the troubadour corpus. Raimbaut’s song, whose verses 37-54 are interpreted differently by W. T. Pattison, its main editor, also deals with ‘fals’Amor’. But if Raimbaut praises the pleasures of physical love, which is portrayed as an irresistible cajoler, Arnaut condems and refuses it, after having experienced it. In this instance, “Lancan son passat li giure” seems to be a kind of polemic reply to “Apres mon vers”. In Arnaut’s view anyway, ‘fals’Amor’, though criticized, turns out to be the winning pattern of courtly behaviour, given its seductive and persuasive skill, to which it is difficult to resist. The text of Arnaut’song is the one established by M. Eusebi, with substantial modifications
Niewysłuchane wyznania Włocha. Le confessioni di un italiano i Na zamku Fratta. O powieści Ippolita Nieva oraz jej recepcji i polskim przekładzie
No full textIppolito Nievo was an Italian revolutionary and author, known mainly for his posthumously published novel, Confessioni di un italiano (1867), included by many critics amongst the best literary works of the Risorgimento period. The novel was translated in various languages, and since the beginning of the 21st century it is being republished or retranslated in different countries. The Polish translation of the first five chapters – considered of greater literary value than the others – authored by Barbara Sieroszewska was published in 1954 as Na zamku Fratta, with an introductory note from Jerzy Adamski. The paper is an attempt at clarifying the circumstances of the publication of the Polish version, and its assumed role in the Polish literary polysystem. The paper also analyses the novel’s reception in Italy, Poland (mainly immediately after its publication) and – briefly – other European countries, and considers various factors that may have influenced the lack of interest it faced in Poland despite its importance in Italy and experienced Polish translator
Chronic imipramine, L-sulpiride and mianserin decrease Corticotropin releasing Factor levels in the rat brain
No full textAmong clinically effective antidepressant drugs, the action mechanism of mianserin has recently been related to variations in corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) levels in the rat locus coeruleus. We describe a specific effect on CRF levels after chronic treatment with different antidepressants: mianserin (10 mg/kg), imipramine (20 mg/kg), both for 21 days, or L-sulpiride (1 mg/kg) for 15 days. While all antidepressants used greatly decreased CRF concentrations in the hypothalamus, only mianserin decreased CRF concentrations by 40% in extrahypothalamic sites. Acute treatments failed to modify CRF levels. Chronic treatment with mianserin did not affect CRF density either in the hypothalamus or the extrahypothalamic areas. This new finding may add another facet to the therapeutic action of certain antidepressants and in particular to the atypical profile of mianserin
Sleep deprivation decreases mu and delta opioid receptor binding in the rat limbic system
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