1,721,021 research outputs found
Intra-Rater Reliability and Validity of Neuro-Mobinavigation: A Mobile App and Laser-Guided System of Motor HotSpot Localization
No full textBackground: Optimal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) efficacy depends on precise coil placement and orientation, as even minor deviations can significantly change the excitation evoked when stimulating the primary motor cortex (M1). To compare the intra-rater reliability of a novel method for consistent TMS coil orientation over a predetermined hotspot in M1, and to benchmark its accuracy against non-navigated method. New method: A three-step method was employed. First, a laser-guided-system stabilized head position. Second, a mobile-app monitored coil tilt and orientation. Finally, coil position was marked on participant’s head cap for visual reference for both methods. Twenty-nine healthy-participants underwent six TMS blocks of 20 pulses each. Six experimental blocks, alternating between non-navigated-TMS and Neuro-Mobinavigated-TMS, to investigate the parameters of motor evoked potential (MEP). The experimental blocks were quasi-randomized with a five-minute interval. Results and comparison with existing method(s): The novel method demonstrated excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.95, 95 % CI: 0.90–0.97) compared to moderate intra-rater reliability of the non-navigated TMS (ICC = 0.73, 95 % CI: 0.57–0.85) for MEP peak amplitude. Repeated measures ANOVA for novel-method showed consistent peak amplitude across three blocks (p = 0.078), non-navigated TMS exhibited significant variations (p < 0.0001). Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed significantly higher mean peak amplitudes for the novel method (1.02 ± 0.74) compared to non-navigated TMS (0.78 ± 0.61) (p < 0.001), small effect size (r = 0.35). Conclusions: Neuro-Mobinavigation is superior to non-navigated method and provides a reliable and cost-effective alternative for MEP studies where gold standard neuronavigation is not available
Is High-Intensity Interval Training More Effective Than Moderate Continuous Training in Rehabilitation of Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textObjectives: The present study aimed to conduct meta-analysis to determine whether the high intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol is more beneficial in improving outcome measures compared to moderate continuous training (MCT) in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). It also aimed to systematically review the exercise protocols differences. Data Sources: A search strategy, locating HIIT in PwMS, was executed in six databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Central Cochrane, Pedro, and Ovid MEDLine. Study Selection: Randomized control trials of HIIT utilizing cycle ergometer or recumbent stepper as exercise modalities were included in analysis. Intervention arms should include at least two intervention arms, including HIIT in one arm, and MCT in the other group. Data Extraction: Data extracted from each study includes the following items: basic details of the study (such as author, date of publication, location, and study design), participant characteristics (sample size, mean age, sex, mean disease duration, and extended disability status scale), specif ications of the HITT protocol (exercise modality, session duration, number of intervals/session, interval intensity, recovery intensity, recovery interval, and adverse effect), as well as primary outcomes at baseline and post-intervention (cardiorespiratory fitness, fatigue, body composition, cognitive functions, and blood biomarkers). Data Synthesis: 22 studies included in the systematic review, 11 were included in random effects model pooled analysis. There was a significant effect in favor of HIIT for VO2max of cardiorespiratory functions compared to MCT (ES=0.45 95%, CI [0.14, 0.76], P=.004), and for memory domain of cognitive functions (ES=0.34 95% CI [0.05, 0.63], P=.02). Statistical significance was not achieved for the other variables. Conclusion: HIIT and MCT yield similar results in terms of fatigue, body composition, cognitive functions, and blood biomarkers. However, VO2max of cardiorespiratory functions and memory domain of cognitive functions were in favor of HIIT protocol.No funding was received for this research
Response to Letter to the Editor: “Is High-Intensity Interval Training More Effective Than Moderate Continuous Training in Rehabilitation of Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis”
No full texts insightful commentary on our systematic review and meta-analysis. First, because the reporting guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses that we followed during the study did not mandate the level of agreement between authors, 1 we did not include a quantitative assessment of author agreement. We acknowledge its importance for future studies to strengthen the reliability of findings. Second, the authors commented on the level of evidence supporting our results. Thus, we have implemented Grading of Recommendations , Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) assessment to determine the level of evidence of results obtained in our review concerning the effect of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on people with multiple sclerosis. 2 We found that the level of evidence for cardiorespiratory functions was low. The evidence for fatigue and body composition domains (including lean tissue mass and fat percentage) was also low and very low, respectively. However , for all domains of cognitive functions, it was moderate. Lastly, there was low evidence regarding the effect of different exercise protocols on biomarker levels. Importantly, the level of evidence was downgraded because of participation of different multiple sclerosis phenotypes in each included study, which hinders the generalizability of the obtained results (indirectness domain of GRADE assessment). 3 In addition, there were several included studies with a small sample size, affecting the imprecision domain of GRADE assessment. Furthermore, we acknowledge the limited number of trials available. However, we ensured that this limitation was considered during protocol preparation because 2 studies are the minimum for conducting a meta-analysis. 4 Third, in our study we addressed risk-of-bias analysis by reporting the total score of each article using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Although a comprehensive assessment of publication bias was desirable, limitations in the number of studies included in the meta-analysis precluded the use of a funnel plot. Funnel plots are known to have limited power to detect asymmetry with <10 studies, making it difficult to distinguish true publication bias from chance findings. 5 Finally, as emphasized in the Study Limitations subsection of the Discussion section, conducting subgroup analyses based on Expanded Disability Status Scale was not feasible in our study because of insufficient data availability. 2 Additionally, most of the studies included in our review aggregated participants across the entire spectrum of Expanded Disability Status Scale scores within either the experimental or control group without accounting for the diverse disease subtypes such as relapse and remitting, primary progressive, or secondary progressive. This aggregation poses challenges for further subgroup analysis, particularly considering the lower prevalence of primary progressive and secondary progressive compared with that of remitting. The current study's conclusion is not definitive, primarily because of the limited quality of evidence stemming from the heterogeneous nature of training characteristics in high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training across various studies. In conclusion, we are confident that our review adheres to rigorous methodology and presents relevant findings regarding the effects of different exercise modalities on individuals with MS. We appreciate the constructive feedback provided and will consider these points for future studies to enhance the quality and clarity of our work
Kitâbu'n-Nesâyih (Review-Text-Index)
No full textHâlvetî tarikatının önemli şeyhlerinden ve asıl adı Cemâleddin Mahmud olan Hulvî Cemâleddin, VXII. yüzyılın önemli mutasavvıf şairlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada, yazarın bilinen tek nüshası olan Kitâbu’n-Nesâyih adlı eserinin incelemesi yapılmıştır.
Çalışma; Giriş, İnceleme, Metin, Dizin/Sözlük adı altında dört ana bölümden oluşmaktadır.
Giriş kısmında; dönemin Türkçesi, müellif ve eserleri, eserin içeriğinin daha iyi anlaşılması açısından da nasihat-nâmeler hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir.
İnceleme bölümünde metin; yazım, ses bilgisi ve biçim bilgisi başlıkları altında ele alınarak incelenmiştir.
Metin bölümünde Arap harfli metin transkribe edilmiştir. Metinde Arapça ve Farsça şiirler, ayet ve hadisler Arap harfleriyle yazılmıştır.
Dizin/Sözlük bölümünde metindeki kelimeler, metinde geçen anlamlarıyla verilerek alfabetik sıraya göre dizilmiş, varak ve satır numaraları verilmiştir.
Sonuç kısmında; eserde elde edilen bulgulardan bahsedilmiş ve bu doğrultuda kısa bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.Hulvî Cemâleddin, whose real name was Cemâleddin Mahmud and one of the important sheikhs of the Halveti order, VXI. He is one of the most important Sufi poets of the 20th century. In this study, the only known copy of the author, Kitâbu'n-Nesâyih, was analyzed.
Study; Apart from the Preface, Introduction and Conclusion, it consists of three main parts under the name of Review-Text-Index/Dictionary.
In the entrance part; In order to better understand the Turkish of the period, the author and his works, and the content of the work, information is given about the advice-nâmes.
The text in the review section; are shown under the headings of spelling, phonology and morphology.
In the text section, the text in Arabic letters is transcribed. In the text, Arabic and Persian poems, verses and hadiths are written exactly in Arabic letters.
In the Index/Dictionary section, the words in the text are given with their meanings in the text, arranged in alphabetical order, and leaf and line numbers are given.
In the conclusion part; The findings obtained in the work were mentioned and a short evaluation was made in this direction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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