1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Propagation of acoustic-elastic excitations of polypropylene industrial samples
No full textThe aim of this thesis was the experimental investigation of the elastic properties of thin films of nanocomposite materials which consist of polymer reinforced with inorganic nano-sized particles. For the determination of the main properties of the individual components, the behavior of model polymers as well as nanoparticles was studied. For amorphous polymer systems of polypropylene (PP) and polyisoprene (PI), we employed Brillouin light scattering (BLS) at temperatures far above the glass transition temperature (Tg+100K) where we obtained the characteristic relaxation time of the longitudinal modulus M*. We found that the characteristic relaxation time, irrespectively of the fitting procedure, is faster than the α-relaxation which obeys the non-Arrhenius VFT equation. Albeit, this has been noticed, it remains a puzzling finding in glass forming systems. The available knowledge is based only on temperature dependent BLS experiments performed, however, at a single wave vector (frequency). Using a new BLS spectrometer, we studied the phonon dispersion at GHz frequencies in molecular (oterphenyl, OTP) and polymeric (polyisoprene, PI and polypropylene, PP) glass formers. We found that the hypersonic dispersion does relate to the glass transition dynamics but the disparity between the BLS-relaxation times and tₐ is system dependent. In PI and PP, the former is more than one order of magnitude faster than tₐ, whereas the two relaxation times become comparable in the case of OTP. The difference between the two relaxation times appears to relate to the “breath” of the relaxation time distribution function. In OTP the α-relaxation process assumes a virtually single exponential decay at high temperatures well above the glass transition, in clear contrast to the case of the amorphous bulk polymers. In order to add one more technique for the investigation of α-relaxation at temperatures far above Tg we employed fluorescence correlation spectroscopy experiments on amorphous polymer samples and we found that under specific conditions τα can be subtracted from the diffusion coefficient of a fluorescent molecule diffusing in polymer sample investigated. Concerning the nanoparticles, we used two core (SiO₂) - shell (polystyrene) particles with different grafting densities (600- 1100 chains/core). For these particles we determined their shape and size in dilute suspensions using photon correlation spectroscopy. In concentrated samples where the particles are close to each other, we found that after a critical concentration the interpenetration of the polymeric shell is possible. For the particle where the grafting chains are long and few, the interpenetration appears at concentration close to the overlap concentration. For the particle where the grafting chains were more and shorter the interpenetration of the grafting chains appears at concentration much bigger than the overlap concentration. The particles above were dispersed in polystyrene matrix and supported thin films samples were prepared with the concentration of SiO₂ varying form 1.2-30%wt. We employed Brillouin light scattering experiments at two different scattering geometries from where we obtained the elastic properties parallel and normal to the film surface. We found that the elastic properties of the polymer-coated particle thin films are different from the polymer matrix. Furthermore, the results showed an unexpected mechanical anisotropy, the out-of-elastic properties in the particle films and particulate PS falls lower than the value in the neat PS. In contrast, the in-plane elastic properties increase in the particulate PS films above the bare PS value.Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας, ήταν η πειραματική μελέτη των ελαστικών ιδιοτήτων λεπτών υμενίων νανοσύνθετων υλικών που αποτελούνται από μια πολυμερική μήτρα, με εμπλουτισμένα σε αυτήν ανόργανα νανοσωματίδια. Για το προσδιορισμό των βασικών ιδιοτήτων των επιμέρους συστατικών τους μελετήθηκε η συμπεριφορά πρότυπων πολυμερικών συστημάτων και νανοσωματιδίων. Για τα άμορφα πολυμερικά συστήματα πολυπροπυλενίου και πολυισοπρενίου, εφαρμόστηκε η φασματοσκοπία σκέδασης Brillouin (BLS) σε θερμοκρασίες πολύ υψηλότερες από το σημείο υαλώδους μετάβασης (Τ~Τg+100Κ) και προσδιορίστηκε ένας χαρακτηριστικός χρόνος χαλάρωσης μέσω της διασποράς του μέτρου ελαστικότητας M*. Βρέθηκε πως ο χαρακτηριστικός χρόνος χαλάρωσης τBLS που προσδιορίστηκε από την φασματοσκοπία BLS σχετίζεται με τη θερμοκρασία υαλώδους μετάβασης και ακολουθεί μια θερμοκρασιακή συμπεριφορά αντίστοιχη με αυτήν των χαρακτηριστικών χρόνων χαλάρωσης της τμηματικής κίνησης της αλυσίδας τα. Για πολυμερικά συστήματα (πολυισοπρενίου και πολυπροπυλενίου) που η κατανομή των χρόνων χαλάρωσης σε μια δεδομένη θερμοκρασία είναι ευρεία βρέθηκαν μεγάλες αποκλίσεις ανάμεσα στους χρόνους τBLS και τα. Αντίθετα συγκρίνοντας αυτούς τους δυο χαρακτηριστικούς χρόνους χαλάρωσης για ένα πρότυπο μοριακό υαλοποιητή (όρθο-τερφαινύλιο), που η κατανομή των χρόνων χαλάρωσης είναι σχεδόν δέλτα, βρέθηκε ότι η διαφορά μεταξύ των τα και τBLS να είναι πολύ μικρή. Το φαινόμενο αποδόθηκε στο ότι ο χαρακτηριστικός χρόνος χαλάρωσης που ανιχνεύουμε χρησιμοποιώντας την φασματοσκοπία BLS συνδέεται με τον χρόνο τα αλλά σε αντίθεση με τις υπόλοιπες κλασσικές τεχνικές που εφαρμόζονται για τον προσδιορισμό του: DS, PCS και DLS, τον ανιχνεύουμε στη γρήγορη περιοχή της κατανομής του. Για να προστεθεί μια ακόμη πειραματική τεχνική στον πιθανό προσδιορισμό του τα σε θερμοκρασίες πολύ υψηλότερες της Tg, διερευνήθηκε η εφαρμογή της φασματοσκοπίας συσχέτισης φθορισμού σε δείγματα άμορφων πολυμερών και βρέθηκε πως, υπό συνθήκες, είναι δυνατός ο προσδιορισμός του τα, αξιοποιώντας την τιμή του συντελεστή διάχυσης μιας χρωμοφόρας ένωσης μέσα στα υπό εξέταση πολυμερών. Όσο αφόρα τα νανοσωματίδια, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν σωματίδια τύπου: πυρήνα ( SiO₂)-μανδύα (πολυστυρενίου) διαφορετικής πυκνότητας πρόσδεσης στο πυρήνα (600- 1100 αλυσίδες/πυρήνα). Αυτά συνθέτονται από ένα μεγάλο αριθμό γραμμικών πολυμερικών αλυσίδων χημικά ενωμένων σε ένα κοινό πυρήνα. Για τα σωματίδια αυτά (PS@SiO₂) προσδιορίστηκε το μέγεθος και το σχήμα τους σε αραιά διαλύματα μέσω τη τεχνικής της δυναμικής σκέδασης φωτός. Σε πυκνά διαλύματα, που τα σωματίδια έρχονται πολύ κοντά μεταξύ τους, μετά από μια κρίσιμη συγκέντρωση, βρέθηκε πως είναι δυνατή η ‘διείσδυση’ (interpenetration) των πολυμερικών τους αλυσίδων ανάμεσα σε δυο ίδια σωματίδια. Για το σωματίδιο που οι εμβολιασμένες αλυσίδες είναι λίγες και μακριές η διείσδυση των αλυσίδων παρουσιάζεται σε συγκεντρώσεις κοντά στη συγκέντρωση αλληλοεπικάλυψης. Παρόμοια δυναμική συμπεριφορά παρουσίασε και το δεύτερο PS@SiO₂, που ο ανόργανος πυρήνας ήταν εμβολιασμένος με πολλές και μικρές αλυσίδες, αλλά, σε πολύ μεγαλύτερες συγκεντρώσεις από την συγκέντρωση αλληλοεπικάλυψης. Για παραπάνω σωματίδια τύπου πυρήνα-μανδύα (PS@SiO₂) έγινε η διασπορά τους μέσα σε μήτρα πολυστρυρενίου και παρασκευαστήκαν δείγματα λεπτών υμενίων συγκέντρωσης σε SiO₂: 1.2 - 30% w/t. Εφαρμόζοντας την τεχνική BLS σε δυο διαφορετικές γεωμετρίες σκέδασης, προσδιορίστηκαν οι ελαστικές ιδιότητες των δειγμάτων, παράλληλα και κάθετα προς την επιφάνεια των υμενίων μέσω επιλεκτικής διεύθυνσης του κυματαριθμού σκέδασης. Εξετάζοντας δείγματα διαφορετικής σύστασης σε SiO₂ βρέθηκε πως οι ελαστικές ιδιότητες των νανοσύνθετων υλικών είναι διαφορετικές από αυτές της πολυμερικής μήτρας. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν πως, οι ελαστικές τους ιδιότητες των νανοσύνθετων υμενίων παράλληλα προς την επιφάνεια τους ενισχύονται, ενώ κάθετα προς την επιφάνεια εξασθενούν σε σχέση με τη μήτρα του πολυστυρενίου
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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