1,721,022 research outputs found
Online academic exams: Does multiplicity of exam versions mitigate cheating?
No full textWe study academic integrity in a final exam of a game theory course with 463 undergraduate students at a major Spanish university. The exam is an unproctored online multiple-choice exam without backtracking. A key characteristic is that for each (type of) problem, groups of students receive different versions. Moreover, each problem version is assigned to one subgroup during one stage of the exam and to another subgroup during an immediately consecutive later stage. Thus, we can exploit grade points and timestamps to study students’ academic integrity. We observe a significant decrease in completion time at each later stage; however, surprisingly, there is no corresponding impact on average grade points. The precise number of different versions does not seem to have an effect on either variable. Our findings thus suggest that employing a limited number of distinct problem versions (as few as two) can diminish cheating effectiveness in online exams.Flip Klijn gratefully acknowledges financial support from AGAUR–Generalitat de Catalunya (2021-SGR-00416) and the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033) through grant PID2020-114251GB-I00, PID2023-147136NB-I00, and the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (Barcelona School of Economics CEX2019-000915- S). MarcVorsatz gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through grant PID2021-122919-NB-I00.Peer reviewe
Academic integrity in on-line exams: Evidence from a randomized field experiment
No full textWe study academic integrity in a final exam of a compulsory course with almost 500 undergraduate students at a major Spanish university. Confinement and university closure due to Covid-19 took place by the end of the last lecture week. As a consequence, the usual classroom exam was turned into an unproctored on-line multiple-choice exam without backtracking. We exploit the different orders of exam problems and detailed data with timestamps to study students’ academic integrity. First, taking the average over questions that were part of both earlier and later “rounds”, we find that the number of correct answers to questions in the later round was 7.7% higher than in the earlier round. Second, the average completion time of questions in the later round was 18.1% shorter than in the earlier round. Third, a mere reminder of the university’s code of ethics, which was sent to a subgroup halfway through the exam, did not affect cheating levels.He gratefully acknowledges financial support from AGAUR–Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain (2017-SGR-1359) and the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación
(AEI), Spain through grants ECO2017-88130-P and PID2020-114251GB-I00 (funded by MCIN/ AEI, Spain/10.13039/501100011033) and the Severo Ochoa
Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D, Spain (Barcelona School of Economics CEX2019-000915-S)He gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through grant PID2021-122919-NB-I00.Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Essays in education and health economics
No full textThis dissertation consists of three chapters that investigate students’ and teachers’ incentive programs, and the intergenerational infant health consequences of a labor market policy. In the first chapter, I perform a randomized control trial at a distance learning university to compare three different monetary incentive schemes varying students’ performance target in the same educational environment. I show that the performance target implemented interacts with some of the characteristics of the students incentivized, such as intrinsic motivation and experience with the incentivized task. Moreover, a novel finding of this study is that incentives foster students’ strategic behavior that is triggered by the way performance is measured. In the second chapter, I examine how tying teachers’ pay to students’ performance affects the latter’s achievements. I show that a nationwide program implemented in Peru giving monetary rewards to teachers conditional on their students’ performance, has a precisely estimated zero impact on students’ grades. Finally, in the third chapter I investigate the effect of a child labor regulation that increased the minimum legal age to work from 14 to 16 years old, on fertility and infant health outcomes. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, I find that the reform increased educational attainment, and decreased marriage and fertility. Interestingly, I show that the reform was detrimental for the health of the offspring at the moment of delivery.Aquesta tesi s’estructura en tres capítols que investiguen els programes d’incentius per als estudiants i professors, i les conseqüències intergeneracionals per a la salut infantil d’ una política de mercat de treball. En el primer capítol vaig duu a terme un experiment de camp en una universitat d’educació a distància amb la finalitatat de comparar tres incentius monetaris diferents en el mateix entorn educatiu, variant l’objectiu de rendiment dels estudiants incentivat. Mostro que l’objectiu de rendiment implementat interactua amb algunes de les característiques dels estudiants, com ara la seva motivació intrínseca i l’experiència que tenen amb la tasca incentivada. D’altra banda, també trobo que els incentius fomenten el comportament estratègic dels estudiants com a conseqüència de la manera en la que es mesura el seu rendiment. En el segon capítol examino com afecta a l’assoliment dels estudiants el fet de que la retribució dels seus professors estigui lligada al seu rendiment acadèmic. A aquests efectes, analitzo un programa nacional implementat a Perú que dóna una recompensa monetària als mestres condicionada al rendiment dels seus alumnes. El programa té un efecte nul precisament estimat sobre les qualificacions dels estudiants. Finalment, en el tercer capítol investigo l’efecte sobre la fertilitat i la salut del canvi legislatiu que va augmentar l’edat mínima legal per treballar de 14 a 16 anys. Utilitzant una estratègia de diferències en diferències, arribo a la conclusió que la reforma va incrementar el nivell d’educació, alhora que va disminuir la fertilitat i probabilitat de contraure matrimoni. Addicionalment, mostro que la reforma va ser perjudicial per a la salut de la descendència en el moment del part.Programa de doctorat en Economia, Finances i Empres
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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