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Les cornes, la croix et les défenses
No full textCet article repose sur l’étude de trois masques collectés par la mission C. Lemaire dans la région du Lac Moero dans les années 1890. L’auteur de leur analyse tente ici de mieux comprendre l’origine et la fonction de ces objets qui relèvent d’une facette méconnue de l’art du masque au Katanga (République Démocratique du Congo). L’évaluation des hypothèses émises, qui s’appuient notamment sur l’analyse stylistique et iconographique, permet d’établir un rapprochement culturel entre ces masques et les confréries de chasse actives par le passé dans la région. Cette dernière interprétation souligne l’importance du rôle joué par les guildes de chasseurs durant la grande époque du commerce de l’ivoire sous le règne du souverain yeke M’siri. Suivant cette idée, des interrogations sont aussi formulées sur la disparition ou l’évolution de ces différents masques lorsque l’empire de M’siri se désagrégea après sa mort survenue en 1891.This paper is based on the study of three masks collected by C. Lemaire mission in the area of Lake Moero in the 1890s. The author attemps to understand the origin and the function of these objects which relate to a little-known facet of the arts in Katanga (Democratic Republic of the Congo). Hypotheses inspired by the stylistic and iconographic analysis allow establishing a cultural link between these masks and the hunting brotherhoods which were once active in the region. The latter interpretation also enables the author to evoke the important role that hunters’ guilds played during the ivory trade period under the reign of the Yeke sovereign M’siri. With regard to their influence, evidence and considerations are presented on the disappearance or the evolution of these various masks when the empire of M’siri disintegrated after his death in 1891
Questions de datation et d'origine : les médailles chrétiennes et les crucifix trouvés lors de fouilles archéologiques en République démocratique du Congo
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Crucifix kongo (Les)
No full textLes crucifix nkangi kiditu étaient encore possédés aux xixe et xxe siècles par certains chefs de RDC et d’Angola. La notice évoque quelques‑uns des différents groupes kongo ayant connu cet attribut de pouvoir, traite des fonctions de celui‑ci, expose son origine européenne et son lien avec la première évangélisation (xve‑xviiie siècle). Quelques modèles spécifiques de nkangi kiditu sont également présentés.This text briefly presents the “nkangi kiditu” crucifixes, a type of object that some chiefs of the DRC and Northern Angola still owned during the 19th and 20th centuries. The author mentions some of the Kongo groups who knew this emblem as one that represented rank and status. He deals with its functions, divulges its European origin and its link to the first evangelization period from the 15th to the 18th centuries. He also shows a few specific models of nkangi kiditu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Du goût à la théorie. Le « Maître de Buli » au travers du prisme photographique
No full textÀ partir d’une série de photos dédiées à l’une des œuvres les plus emblématiques du Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale, l’auteur dresse un bref historique des approches esthétiques et scientifiques de la porteuse de coupe dite du « Maître de Buli ». Analyser l’intérêt porté par le chercheur belge Frans Maria Olbrechts à cette pièce permet de présenter un résumé des théories olbrechtiennes qui s’appuyèrent autant sur les travaux de l’anthropologue germano-américain Franz Boas que sur ceux de l’italien Giovanni Morelli, historien de l’art, ou, plus indirectement, sur les études de l’anatomiste français Georges Cuvier.Using a number of photographs of one the most emblematic sculptures of the Royal Museum of Central Africa, the author sketches a short evolution of the aesthetic and scientific trends connected to the “Master of Buli” bowl-bearing figure. By analyzing the special interest Belgian scholar Frans-Maria Olbrechts showed for figures by this artist, we will be able to summarize his “Olbrechtian” theories, based on previous work of German-American anthropologist Franz Boas, Italian art historian Giovanni Morelli and indirectly the research of French anatomist Georges Cuvier
Pour qu'en bas on l'entende: les masques ronds striés des Luba orientaux
No full textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
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