22 research outputs found
Polymorphisms in mirna-binding sites of nucleotide excision repair genes and colorectal cancer risk
No full textReduced DNA repair capacity and DNA damage accumulation may lead to cancer development. Regulation of and coordination between genes involved in DNA repair pathways is fundamental for maintaining genome stability, and post-transcriptional gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) may therefore be of particular relevance. In this context, the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the 3'untranslated regions of target DNA repair genes could alter the binding with specific miRNAs, modulating gene expression and ultimately affecting cancer susceptibility.In this study, we investigated the role of genetic variations in miRNA-binding sites of nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes in association with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. From 28 NER genes, we screened among SNPs residing in their 3'untranslated regions and simultaneously located in miRNA-binding sites, with an in silico approach. Through the calculation of different binding free energy according to both alleles of identified SNPs, and with global binding free energies median providing a threshold, we selected nine NER gene variants. We tested those SNPs in 1098 colorectal cancer cases and 1469 healthy controls from the Czech Republic.Rs7356 in RPA2 and rs4596 in GTF2H1 were associated with colorectal cancer risk. After stratification for tumor location, the association of both SNPs was significant only for rectal cancer (rs7356: OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.02-2.26, P = 0.04 and rs4596: OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50-0.94, P = 0.02; results not adjusted for multiple testing).Variation in miRNA target binding sites in the 3' untranslated region of NER genes may be important for modulating colorectal cancer risk, with a different relevance according to tumor location. © The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
CHINESE LITERARINESS: CONCEPT AND THEME
No full textThe works of critics as dissimilar, in almost every other respect, as Shklovsky, Tynianov, Vodicka, Paul de Man, etc. show the usefulness of “comparative approach” to the general concept of “literariness”, however heterogeneously it may be put to work. The author of the essay argues that the distinction Literariness vs. Literature corresponds with the idea of autonomous worlds of literariness from the typological point of view in the global inequality; it presents the field of “comparative literature” as a way of reading and re-reading in unexpected ways of devices and vices. Chinese literariness as a typological, historically closed and theoretically productive in-between of Sinology and comparative literature.91
Čínská literárnost: pojem a téma // Chinese literariness: concept and theme
No full textThe works of critics as dissimilar, in almost every other respect, as Shklovsky, Tynianov, Vodicka,
Paul de Man, etc. show the usefulness of “comparative approach” to the general concept of “literariness”,
however heterogeneously it may be put to work. The author of the essay argues that the distinction
Literariness vs. Literature corresponds with the idea of autonomous worlds of literariness
from the typological point of view in the global inequality; it presents the field of “comparative literature”
as a way of reading and re-reading in unexpected ways of devices and vices. Chinese literariness
as a typological, historically closed and theoretically productive in-between of Sinology and
comparative literature
Critical and Culturally Sustaining Music Pedagogy
No full textWhether by mandate or by personal aspiration, teachers across the United States are compelled to teach in a manner that is culturally relevant to their students. Culturally relevant pedagogy, and its recent iteration, culturally sustaining pedagogy, call for high levels of student achievement, the development of multiple cultural competencies, and the raising of sociopolitical consciousness. Culturally sustaining ped- agogy and critical pedagogy share a focus on connecting to students’ lived experience, empowering students in the classroom and in the world, and developing students’ critical consciousness. As asset-based peda- gogies, both approaches focus on what students know first. This essay defines culturally sustaining pedagogy and presents a comprehensive example of the pedagogy in action. Then, through narrative exploration, the author reflects on his own journey from teaching as monologue, to teaching as dialogue, and finally, to teaching as cultural sustainment
Resisting the monolingual hegemony in super-diverse urban contexts: collective autonomy and interlingual spaces [abstract only]
No full textThis paper builds on the exploration of relationships between learner/teacher autonomy and space/place that took place in the AILA 2014 symposium (Brisbane, Australia) organised by the first author and Garold Murray. It contributes to the field by taking an interdisciplinary perspective on the construct of autonomy in relation to theories of place/space, which involves a shift from personal autonomy that has been a major orientation in research in the field in recent decades to a collective, political autonomy that considers how groups/communities can empower themselves. Data will be drawn from three research projects conducted by the authors in the UK and elsewhere in Europe. These projects have employed ethnographic research methods e.g. classroom observations, structured discussions, policy and documentary analysis, and analysis of artefacts, to explore the spaces in which different languages are included and excluded in the linguistically super-diverse urban contexts of formal and informal educational and public spaces. In particular, they have focused on ways in which both educational communities and urban linguistic communities have resisted such exclusion by finding spaces in which they are able not only to maintain linguistic diversity, but also to develop strategies to challenge the monolingual hegemony that suppresses other languages, repositioning multilingualism as a resource for all rather than a problem. Data from both a national research project in England and a European project will illustrate ways in which, despite policy constraints, school communities have developed structural and curricular interlingual spaces that include diverse languages as well as preparing all learners to value multilingualism. We will also draw on our research into ways in which linguistic communities themselves produce interlingual spaces, ensuring that their languages continue to be learnt, used and valued both in informal educational spaces and in local neighbourhood spaces
Shared decision making in primary care: barriers and facilitators of shared decision making in the context of decreasing the use of unnecessary antibiotics for preschool children ages 3-5 with upper respiratory tract infections
No full textThe unnecessary use of antibiotics for upper respiratory infections is a global public health concern (Alumran, Hou & Hurst, 2013; Lucas et al., 2015; Dwibedi et al., 2015; Kutty, 2011; Llor & Bjerrum, 2014; Rouusounides et al., 2011). This issue is most prevalent in preschool aged children, due to the frequency of upper respiratory tract infections in this group (Alumran, Hou, & Hurst, 2013; Clavenna & Bonati, 2011; Vodicka, et al., 2013). An integrative review was done and ten articles were chosen to answer the question: What are the barriers and facilitators to implementing shared decision making in relation to unnecessary antibiotic use in primary care settings when primary care providers are working with parents of preschool aged children with upper respiratory infections? Barrier subthemes identified were ineffective communication and lack of parental knowledge...Antibiotic
The author's dream on the stage : Harald Molander as a director and writer
No full textThe thesis is a structural biography of Harald Molander (1858-1900), stage manager, author, translator and critic.The investigation is based on his literary works and the reviews of these. Articles, letters and the director's comprehensive manuscripts and other documents are analyzed. The reactions of the audience are studied.Molander's authorship and directing were artistically coherent. In accordance with the theories of Felix Vodicka and Jan Mukarovsky a model of description is formulated for the study of the period norm. The structure of Molander's literary works, the reception of them, and the modern conception of stage management are related to the changes in the norm.As an. author Molander successively associated himself with tradition, with the realism of the modern breakthrough and the interest in historical subject. His works were often shaped by literary impressions. His works as an author and stage manager were frequently religiously tinged.As a director Molander was a transitional figure. He began as an author-director and gradually took up modern stage management. In this thesis his work as a director is studied as part of the division of labour in the theatre, as staging-procedure and as an expression of principles of style and artistic viewpoint. His directing was chiefly aimed at realizing the author's vision on the stage. He wanted to transform the possibilities of the drama into scenic reality.As a stage manager Molander was influenced by the Meininger Company and Wagner. As a director he was very systematic. He distanced himself from the kind of theatre which was dominated by the actors, from Romanticism and ideal realism, and he studied naturalism. Tradition, fidelity to authors, realism, historicism, ensemble-acting and the harmonization of the means of expression of the theatre characterized his stage managing. Molander also had a didactic view of the theatre; he wanted to discuss societal and psychological problems and he wanted to amuse his audience.Molanderwas active both in Sweden and in Finland. The highlight of his early period was the staging of Goethe's Faust (1889). He shaped it into a realistic-fantastic Gesamtkunstwerk. He made pictorially attractive stagings of Strindberg's historical dramas, Mäster Olof (1897), Gustaf Vasa and Erik XIV (1899). The staging of Hauptmann's The Weavers was his masterpiece. The instruction of the masses in this strike drama was consistent. The Swedish labour movement greeted the play with enthusiasm.digitalisering@um
Författarens dröm på scenen [Elektronisk resurs] : Harald Molanders regi och författarskap
No full textThe thesis is a structural biography of Harald Molander (1858-1900), stage manager, author, translator and critic.The investigation is based on his literary works and the reviews of these. Articles, letters and the director's comprehensive manuscripts and other documents are analyzed. The reactions of the audience are studied.Molander's authorship and directing were artistically coherent. In accordance with the theories of Felix Vodicka and Jan Mukarovsky a model of description is formulated for the study of the period norm. The structure of Molander's literary works, the reception of them, and the modern conception of stage management are related to the changes in the norm.As an. author Molander successively associated himself with tradition, with the realism of the modern breakthrough and the interest in historical subject. His works were often shaped by literary impressions. His works as an author and stage manager were frequently religiously tinged.As a director Molander was a transitional figure. He began as an author-director and gradually took up modern stage management. In this thesis his work as a director is studied as part of the division of labour in the theatre, as staging-procedure and as an expression of principles of style and artistic viewpoint. His directing was chiefly aimed at realizing the author's vision on the stage. He wanted to transform the possibilities of the drama into scenic reality.As a stage manager Molander was influenced by the Meininger Company and Wagner. As a director he was very systematic. He distanced himself from the kind of theatre which was dominated by the actors, from Romanticism and ideal realism, and he studied naturalism. Tradition, fidelity to authors, realism, historicism, ensemble-acting and the harmonization of the means of expression of the theatre characterized his stage managing. Molander also had a didactic view of the theatre; he wanted to discuss societal and psychological problems and he wanted to amuse his audience.Molanderwas active both in Sweden and in Finland. The highlight of his early period was the staging of Goethe's Faust (1889). He shaped it into a realistic-fantastic Gesamtkunstwerk. He made pictorially attractive stagings of Strindberg's historical dramas, Mäster Olof (1897), Gustaf Vasa and Erik XIV (1899). The staging of Hauptmann's The Weavers was his masterpiece. The instruction of the masses in this strike drama was consistent. The Swedish labour movement greeted the play with enthusiasm.</p
Mutational analysis of TSC1 and TSC2 genes in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex patients from Greece
No full textTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder causing benign tumors in the brain and other vital organs. The genes implicated in disease development are TSC1 and TSC2. Here, we have performed mutational analysis followed by a genotype-phenotype correlation study based on the clinical characteristics of the affected individuals. Twenty unrelated probands or families from Greece have been analyzed, of whom 13 had definite TSC, whereas another 7 had a possible TSC diagnosis. Using direct sequencing, we have identified pathogenic mutations in 13 patients/families (6 in TSC1 and 7 in TSC2), 5 of which were novel. The mutation identification rate for patients with definite TSC was 85%, but only 29% for the ones with a possible TSC diagnosis. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) did not reveal any genomic rearrangements in TSC1 and TSC2 in the samples with no mutations identified. In general, TSC2 disease was more severe than TSC1, with more subependymal giant cell astrocytomas and angiomyolipomas, higher incidence of pharmacoresistant epileptic seizures, and more severe neuropsychiatric disorders. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive TSC1 and TSC2 mutational analysis carried out in TSC patients in Greece. © 2017 The Author(s)
