1,720,964 research outputs found
Economics of conservation – from local to global:Trade-offs and behaviour in ecosystem services provision
No full textInternational cooperation is needed to protect migratory species and their preferred habitats across borders. But we know little of the factors that compel people in different countries to cooperate to protect those habitats and species. And transnational cooperation ultimately relates to conservation efforts also in one’s home country. The focus of this PhD thesis is to disclose the spatial supply of and trade-offs in ecosystem services at a local and national scale in Denmark as well as examining the behavioral factors affecting regional and international support and cooperation for transnational ecosystem services. In this thesis I propose a spatial multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach as a decision support tool for evaluating land use change at a local level to disclose how decisions can affect multiple ecosystem services. In an empirical case study in a Danish municipality a biophysical and economic baseline mapping of ecosystem services is conducted as basis for sensitivity analyses in changing weights of model criteria. The spatial distribution of land use changes is assessed with the outcome in terms of the welfare economics of ecosystem services. Further, I propose the spatial MCDA approach in a national Danish setting in an analysis of the trade-offs between land rent of agricultural use and selected ecosystem services. The model effectively identifies areas suitable for land use change consideration and is applied to a baseline and four distinct scenarios. These scenarios illustrate how land use change decisions can lead to very different outcomes in the provision of ecosystem services. For migratory species transnational cooperation is needed to secure efficient conservation. Using a choice experiment I examine how the support by Danish households to protect open land habitats at home and in a foreign country area is affected by context and framing of the conservation case. The results suggest that if habitat losses as well as gains are a real risk, support for habitat conservation may be higher than in a context of pure gains. This could become an important feature of future valuation studies. And the results suggest that sharing the conservation challenge with other countries could lead to higher support at home. Finally, in a transnational lab-in-the-field experimental setting in Denmark, Spain, and Ghana I examine how framing and added information in a transnational conservation case affect support and cooperation across borders through donations. The dictator game results suggest that pre-donation information on the necessity of transnational collaboration can increase donation levels. And further, instructions that donation levels would be disclosed to others also could increase donation levels. My results could influence how international conservation organizations develop future fundraising campaigns and increase public support
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
