237 research outputs found
Chiarella: The Need for Equal Access under Section 10(b)
No full textThis Article critiques the Supreme Court\u27s decision in United States v. Chiarella, and suggests that the Court should have held that Chiarella\u27s purchases of securities on the basis of nonpublic material market information constituted fraud in violation of the Securities Exchange Act. The author argues that a rule of law should have been established that a person who possesses nonpublic material market information and engages in purchases or sales of securities on the basis of that information, without disclosing the information to the investing public, violates Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5. The author further argues that the only exception should be for the person who is fulfilling an essential market function or who is a tender of feror. The author concludes that the United States Supreme Court erred in reversing the court of appeals
Thoraco-lumbar fractures with blunt traumatic aortic injury in adult patients. correlations and management
No full textPurpose: Traumatic thoraco-lumbar spine fracture spine with a concomitant blunt aortic injury is uncommon but potentially a fatal association. Our aim was to clarify: morphology of spinal fractures related to vascular damages and vice versa, diagnostic procedures and decision-making process for the best treatment options for spine and vessels. Methods: We enrolled 42 cases culled from the literature and five personal ones, reviewing in detail by AO Spine Classification, Society of Vascular Surgery classification and Abbreviated Injury Scale for neurological evaluation. Results: Most fractures were at T11–L2 (29 cases; 62%) and type C (17; 70%). 17 (38%) were neurological. Most common vascular damage was the rupture (20; 43%), followed by intimal tear (13; 28%) and pseudoaneurysm (9; 19%). Vascular injury often required open or endovascular repair before spinal fixation. Distraction developed aortic intimal damage until rupture, while flexion–distraction lumbar artery pseudoaneurysm and rotation–torsion full laceration of collateral branches. CT and angio-CT were investigations of choice, followed by angiography. Neurological condition remained unchanged in 28 cases (90%). Overall mortality was 30%, but it was higher in AIS A. Conclusion: Relationship between thoraco-lumbar fracture and vascular lesion is rare, but potentially fatal. Comprehension of spinal biomechanics and vascular damages could be crucial to avoid poor results or decrease mortality. Frequently, traction of the aorta and its vessels is realized by C-dislocated fractures. CT and angio-CT are recommended. Spine stabilization should always follow the vascular repair. Early severe deficits worse the prognosis related to neurological recovery and survival. Graphical abstract: These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material
Trading on Market Information: Rule lOb-5 and Market Insiders-\u3cem\u3eUnited States v. Chiarella\u3c/em\u3e
No full textIn United States v. Chiarella, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit held that anyone who regularly receives material nonpublic information is subject to the prohibitions of rule 10b-5. The author of this casenote discusses the expansion of liability created by this holding and analyzes the questions raised by the decision
Arteriovenous Malformation with Underlying Radiologically Silent Primary Brain Tumor: Case Report and Literature Review
No full textBackground: The coexistence of clearly demarcated glioma and vascular malformation is
rarely identified. Astrocytomas represent the most common subtype found.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the literature published until December
2019, using the PubMed database, recording all histologically documented cases of AVM
associated with primary brain tumor. We have reported for each case, study date, age, sex,
intracranial site of the lesion, histopathological features, the neuroradiological techniques
used for diagnosis, extension of surgical resection (biopsy, partial, total), adjuvant treatment
(radiotherapy, chemotherapy, trans-arterial embolization) and overall survival.
Results: With our case, only 21 cases of angiographically detected arteriovenous
malformation and histologically proven primary brain tumor, have been documented. The
mean age was 42 years (range 8-72) with male prevalence (12 M, 9 F). Total tumor resection
was obtained in 12 cases (57.1%), a partial resection in 4 cases (19.04%) whereas a biopsy
was performed in 2 cases (9,5%); in 2 cases no information about the extent of resection was
reported whereas in one 1 case no tissue sampling was obtained because of the death of the
patient. AVM was treated with XRT in 5 cases (23.8%), subtotal resection (STR) was performed
in 2 cases (9.5%), trans-catheter embolization was performed in 2 cases (9.5%) and in 1 case no
treatment was performed for the patient’s death.
Conclusion: The association between primary brain tumors and arteriovenous malformation
is a rare entity that presents various pathogenic hypotheses and diagnosis can be difficult. In all
these cases, we recommend a detailed histological examination of the parenchyma adjacent to
the AVM
Food Safety Assessment and Nutraceutical Outcomes of Dairy By-Products: Ovine Milk Whey as Wound Repair Enhancer on Injured Human Primary Gingival Fibroblasts
No full textThe valorization of milk whey appears to be a promising strategy for managing by-products from dairy food industries, which incur demanding economic costs for treatment and/or disposal. Thanks to its numerous bioactive components, whey is expected to be increasingly incorporated into foods in the future. We investigated the safety of ovine milk whey through in vitro experiments on human primary gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) proliferation and wound healing. Fibroblasts play a crucial role in the repair processes from the late inflammatory phase until the final stages. Cells treated with varying concentrations of ovine whey (0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, and 10%) were able to close wounds more rapidly than vehicle-treated cells. Time- and dose-dependent responses were observed in cell populations exposed to ovine whey. Specifically, wounds treated with 0.1% and 10% milk whey showed better migratory capabilities compared to those treated with 0.01% and 1% milk whey after 24 and 48 h. In addition, ovine milk whey stimulates extracellular matrix deposition, as evidenced by the increasing levels of CD44 antigen density evaluated through FACS analysis, as well as COL1A1 expression measured both via RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. This phenomenon was particularly evident at concentrations of 0.01% and 10%. Ensuring quality and safety has become a major concern for health authorities in the food industry. Our findings suggest that ovine milk whey is safe and possesses regenerative properties. It facilitates tissue re-establishment following exposure to environmental stress, particularly accelerating gingival wound closure
Spinal Capillary and Cavernous Haemangiomas in Developmental Age: Our Experience
No full textVascular anomalies are quite common lesions. They are frequently encountered in the pediatric population, being present at birth or developing later, during infancy, childhood, or adolescence. Most of these lesions are benign. Nevertheless, even benign lesions may exhibit significant morbidity without idoneous management
A Corporate Outsider’s Duty to Disclose Under Rule 10b-5
No full textExamines the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Chiarella v. United States. In Chiarella, the Court held that a corporate outsider does not have a duty to disclose under section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Securities Exchange Commission rule 10b-5. The author believes this decision is contrary to public policy
Brae Formation Grain Size data
No full textThis folder contains files for 3D modelling of micro CT images for the article "Microstructural Analysis from X-ray CT Images of the Brae Formation Sandstone, North Sea" by Thomson, Ellis, Chiarella and Hier-Majumder.
To create the figures in the article run the python script Grain_length_stats.py
Description of data:
The folder ‘Grain_data_csv_files’ contains a series of datasheets obtained from the 3D grain size analysis using PerGeos. Files with the name including ‘grain_morphology’ were used to obtain the average grain length measurements. Open the .csv files to see the grain length and grain width data for each sample.
Three other files are found in this folder containing grain size and permeability data that belong to work by other authors. The name of the author and publication date of the data is shown in each the file names. This data was used as a comparison against our own results.
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Entrapment of the temporal horn: case series and systematic review of literature
No full textEntrapment of the temporal horn (ETH) is a form of focal, obstructive hydrocephalus. Etiology and clinical presentation are diversified. Though known since 1947, standard treatment has not yet been defined. The objective of our study was to perform a systematic review on ETH. Data from patients treated at our Institution from 2008 to 2019 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. A systematic PRISMA review of literature was also performed using PubMed and Google Scholar. 121 cases (mean age 41 years; M/F ratio 1/1) were analyzed. In 65 (vs 56) cases (53.7% vs 46.3%) ETH was not surgery related. Headache was the most common symptom (42%). "Major" treatments were (1) ventriculoperitoneal/ventriculoatrial shunt (42 cases, 34.7%), and (2) endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy (12 cases, 9.9%). In the first group, no perioperative complications were found, 39 patients (92.9%) had a favorable outcome, 3 patients (7.1%) died for the underlying disease, 4 cases (9.5%) went through revision; also considering the cases in which another procedure was performed as definitive treatment, shunt failures were 6 (13.6%). In the second group, 1 case (8.3%) developed a deep intracerebral hemorrhage, 11 cases (91.6%) had a favorable long-term outcome, 1 case (8.3%) had a favorable short-term outcome; also considering the cases in which another procedure was performed as definitive treatment, endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy failures were 6 (37.5%). Described as uncommon, ETH is probably underestimated. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are critical. VP shunt is still the most commonly performed treatment. Further randomized clinical trials are, however, needed to establish the gold standard
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