1,720,954 research outputs found
Posible rol secretor del proceso apical de las células que contactan el líquido cefalorraquídeo en la médula espinal de ratones
Full text linkLas cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons son neuronas GABAérgicas de la médula espinal, cuyos somas se localizan en la zona subependimaria, y poseen un proceso apical que contacta el líquido cefalorraquídeo. Las propiedades funcionales de estas células son objeto de debate en la actualidad. Si bien algunos autores postulan un rol sensorial químico y mecánico del proceso apical en ratones, basados en evidencias ultraestructurales preliminares de nuestro laboratorio (i.e. presencia de elementos túbulo-vesiculares en el proceso apical), decidimos explorar la hipótesis de la secreción vesicular de GABA en dicho compartimento.
Para poner a prueba esta hipótesis, implementamos múltiples enfoques experimentales utilizando como modelo de estudio ratones transgénicos GATA3, los cuales expresan la proteína fluorescente verde en las células de interés. Para resolver la ultraestructura de los procesos apicales obtuvimos imágenes mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión. La presencia de un intrincado sistema de túbulos y vesículas de apariencia aplanada en el proceso apical fue compatible con la presencia de un aparato secretor. También buscamos evidencias moleculares de secreción vesicular mediante técnicas inmunohistoquímicas. Si bien evidenciamos la presencia del transportador vesicular de GABA en los procesos apicales, no hallamos indicios de otras proteínas presinápticas como la synaptotagmina 1 y 2, o la syntaxina 4. Por otra parte, pusimos en evidencia la presencia de receptores funcionales GABAA en el proceso apical mediante el desenjaulado de GABA en dicho compartimento. De producirse secreción de GABA desde el proceso apical, este resultado permitiría especular respecto de un posible mecanismo de comunicación autócrina o parácrina. Para obtener evidencias electrofisiológicas de la secreción de GABA desde el proceso apical, decidimos utilizar la técnica de "sniffers de GABA" que consiste en obtener registros electrofisiológicos a partir de células que expresen receptores GABA-A, capaces de detectar la presencia de GABA cerca del sitio de liberación durante la estimulación eléctrica de la célula secretora. Con esta finalidad cultivamos células HEK-293 modificadas genéticamente para expresar dicho receptor (células HEK-GABA). Mediante este abordaje, y contrariamente a lo esperado, no obtuvimos corrientes GABAérgicas en las células HEK-GABA como consecuencia de la estimulación eléctrica de las cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons. Por lo tanto, contemplamos la posibilidad de secreción de un contenido vesicular diferente de GABA. Para explorar esta alternativa realizamos mediciones de capacitancia de membrana en los procesos apicales. En las cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons la despolarización y posterior reclutamiento de conductancias activas de calcio, no provocó cambios en la capacitancia de membrana en el proceso apical. Sin embargo, si bien las cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons presentan conductancias activas de calcio, resulta oportuno señalar que no contamos aún con evidencias de la presencia de estas conductancias en el proceso apical. Además, la secreción vesicular dependiente de calcio podría ser mediada por otros sustratos moleculares permeables a dicho ion, como PKD2L1. Puesto que estos canales no son sensibles a voltaje, una posibilidad que contemplamos es que la aplicación de pulsos despolarizantes no sea eficaz para mediar un incremento de la concentración de calcio en el proceso apical. Si bien aquí no hemos obtenido evidencias funcionales de la secreción de GABA desde el proceso apical, consideramos necesario explorar nuevas avenidas experimentales para descartar esta hipótesis por completo.ANII: FCE_1_2021_1_16646
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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