1,720,957 research outputs found
Sur lies élevage practice to modulate the features of red wines from calcareous soils with different textures
No full textBackground: In Sicilian calcareous soils, red wines often display unripeness and bitterness features. To enhance wine quality, we employed the 'sur lies elevage' technique, involving prolonged contact of dead yeast cells with the wine to favor the extraction of yeast cellular components through cell lysis. The 7 month treatment utilized two types of Chardonnay lies: fresh and previously matured. To overcome challenges in retrieving lies from red winemaking, we have recovered the lies from a white winemaking. Additionally, the lies underwent a preliminary passage on a red wine to minimize color adsorption on yeast cell walls.Results: The sur lies treatment effectively reduced astringency, bitterness, and brown pigment in wines, with partial removal of red color. It successfully eliminated quercetin aglycone and induced remarkable changes in the aromatic profile, showing increased ethyl esters and relative fatty acids. Sensory evaluations revealed sur lies-treated wines had fruitier and more complex characteristics compared to untreated wines. Matured lies had a greater impact on enhancing fruitiness than fresh lies.Conclusions: The treatments mitigated the unripeness and bitterness of studied wines. Sur lies treatment improved the aromatic profile, leading to fruitier and more complex notes, enhancing overall sensory quality. Matured lies showed greater efficacy in elevating fruitiness than fresh lies. These findings highlight the value of the sur lies technique in enhancing the quality and sensory attributes of Nero d'Avola and Syrah wines from Sicilian calcareous soils.(c
Soil effect on phenolic and volatile composition of Nero d'Avola red wines as revealed by a chromatography-based targeted metabolomic approach
No full textIn this study, the effects of the main soil chemical-physical parameters (i.e., texture, pH, total carbonates, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, electric conductivity, and mineral composition) on some of the most important oenological parameters (e.g., phenolics and volatile organic compounds) of red wines obtained from grapes of Vitis vinifera L. cv Nero d'Avola were studied. The study was conducted by means of a chromatography-based targeted metabolomic approach. The obtained results highlighted that the soil influenced both the phenolic and the volatile composition of the resulting wines. Wines phenolic composition appeared to be influenced by the texture and the cation exchange capacity, that are linked to the modulation of water and nutrient dynamics in soils. The volatile organic composition of the wines was mostly influenced by the cation exchange capacity and the organic matter, both related to soil fertility
Effect of soil type on some composition parameters of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Nero d'Avola grapes at different stages of ripening
No full textIn this study, the soil effect on the chemical composition of red grapes from Vitis vinifera L. (cv Nero d'Avola) was studied. The soil effect was evaluated by considering the main soil chemical–physical parameters (e.g., texture, pH, total carbonates, cation exchange capacity, electric conductivity, organic matter, and mineral composition) of four vineyards located in the southwestern coast of Sicily (southern Italy). Grapes' quality in relation to different soils was investigated by studying some composition parameters and the (in)/homogeneity of ripeness of grapes at the harvest date. Results suggested that the soil greatly affected the quality of Nero d'Avola red grapes. The most impactful soil parameters were cation exchange capacity, electric conductivity, pH, and mineral composition (especially P and Mn content) that are directly involved into grapevine nutrition. Through multivariate statistical analysis, it was highlighted that the soil effect was remarkable within a specific vintage. However, when more vintages are considered simultaneously, the vintage effect (conceivably through the inter-annual climatic variability) is the major factor determining grapes quality
Fermentation performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain with high alcoholigenous power
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the fermentation performance of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Meyen ex E.C. Hansen) yeast strain with high alcoholigenous power during the vinification of Grillo and Nero d'Avola musts with high sugar concentration. The effects of such fermentations, conducted by means of FR-RS8 yeast strain, were evaluated through analyzing the fermentation kinetics, the chemical-physical parameters of musts and wines, and the volatile organic composition of the final wines. The sensory profiles of the obtained wines were also evaluated. Results highlighted that the FR-RS8 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain showed a great fermentation activity, suggesting an appreciable capability to overcome osmotic stress deriving from high sugar concentration musts, while the production of volatile acidity was moderate. Wines fermented by FR-RS8 yeast strain showed low content of higher alcohols, great amount of fermentation esters, and high content of free terpenes in both Grillo and Nero d'Avola wines. Sensory analysis highlighted that the aforementioned wines were very scented, complex, and structured, with good olfactory and gustatory persistence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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