2,037,319 research outputs found
Author Co-Citation Analysis (ACA): a powerful tool for representing implicit knowledge of scholar knowledge workers
Get PDFIn the last decade, knowledge has emerged as one of the most important and valuable organizational assets. Gradually this importance caused to emergence of new discipline entitled ―knowledge management‖. However one of the major challenges of knowledge management is conversion implicit or tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Thus Making knowledge visible so that it can be better accessed, discussed, valued or generally managed is a long-standing objective in knowledge management. Accordingly in this paper author co- citation analysis (ACA) will be proposed as an efficient technique of knowledge visualization in academia (Scholar knowledge workers)
Studying direct-touch interaction for 2D flow visualization
No full textTraditionally, scientific visualization research concentrates on the development and improvement of interactive techniques to support expert data analysis. While many scientific visualization tools have been developed for desktop environments and individual use, scenarios that go beyond mouse and keyboard interaction have received considerably less attention. We present a study that investigates how large-display direct-touch interaction affects data exploration and insight generation among groups of nonexperts exploring 2D vector data. In this study, pairs of participants used interaction techniques to customize and explore 2D vector visualizations and collaboratively discussed the process to develop their own understanding of the data sets
EMDialog : bringing information visualization into the museum
No full textDigital interactive information displays are becoming more common in public spaces such as museums, galleries, and libraries. However, the public nature of these locations requires special considerations concerning the design of information visualization in terms of visual representations and interaction techniques. We discuss the potential for, and challenges of, information visualization in the museum context based on our practical experience with EMDialog, an interactive information presentation that was part of the Emily Carr exhibition at the Glenbow Museum in Calgary. EMDialog visualizes the diverse and multi-faceted discourse about Emily Carr, a Canadian artist, with the goal to both inform and provoke discussion. It provides a visual environment that allows for exploration of the interplay between two integrated visualizations, one for information access along temporal, and the other along contextual dimensions. We describe the results of an observational study we conducted at the museum that revealed the different ways visitors approached and interacted with EMDialog, as well as how they perceived this form of information presentation in the museum context. Our results include the need to present information in a manner sufficiently attractive to draw attention and the importance of rewarding passive observation as well as both short and longer term information exploration.Peer reviewe
Visualization methods for metric studies
Get PDFMetric studies are based on complex, voluminous and heterogeneous data. In order to obtain meaningful results, human guided analysis is therefore needed and can be achieved with information visualization methods. In this paper, we survey visualization methods traditionally used in informetrics and present recent achievements in this domain. We also outline some potentially interesting visualization tools from machine learnin
Assisting reading and analysis of text documents by visualization
Get PDFThe research reported here examined the use of computer generated graphics as a means to assist humans to analyse text documents which have not been subject to markup. The approach taken was to survey available visualization techniques in a broad selection of disciplines including applications to text documents, group those techniques using a taxonomy proposed in this research, then develop a selection of techniques that assist the text analysis objective. Development of the selected techniques from their fundamental basis, through their visualization, to their demonstration in application, comprises most of the body of this research. A scientific orientation employing measurements, combined with visual depiction and explanation of the technique with limited mathematics, is used as opposed to fully utilising any one of those resulting techniques for performing complete text document analysis.
Visualization techniques which apply directly to the text and those which exploit measurements produced by associated techniques are considered. Both approaches employ visualization to assist the human viewer to discover patterns which are then used in the analysis of the document. In the measurement case, this requires consideration of data with dimensions greater than three, which imposes a visualization difficulty. Several techniques for overcoming this problem are proposed. Word frequencies, Zipf considerations, parallel coordinates, colour maps, Cusum plots, and fractal dimensions are some of the techniques considered.
One direct application of visualization to text documents is to assist reading of that document by de-emphasising selected words by fading them on the display from which they are read. Three word selection techniques are proposed for the automatic selection of which words to use.
An experiment is reported which used such word fading techniques. It indicated that some readers do have improved reading speed under such conditions, but others do not. The experimental design enabled the separation of that group which did decrease reading times from the remaining readers who did not. Measurement of comprehension errors made under different types of word fading were shown not to increase beyond that obtained under normal reading conditions.
A visualization based on categorising the words in a text document is proposed which contrasts to visualization of measurements based on counts. The result is a visual impression of the word composition, and the evolution of that composition within that document.
The text documents used to demonstrates these techniques include English novels and short stories, emails, and a series of eighteenth century newspaper articles known as the Federalist Papers. This range of documents was needed because all analysis techniques are not applicable to all types of documents. This research proposes that an interactive use of the techniques on hand in a non-prescribed order can yield useful results in a document analysis. An example of this is in author attribution, i.e. assigning authorship of documents via patterns characteristic of an individual's writing style. Different visual techniques can be used to explore the patterns of writing in given text documents.
A software toolkit as a platform for implementing the proposed interactive analysis of text documents is described. How the techniques could be integrated into such a toolkit is outlined. A prototype of software to implement such a toolkit is included in this research. Issues relating to implementation of each technique used are also outlined
Information visualization on interactive tabletops in work vs. public settings
No full textDigital tabletop displays and other large interactive displays have recently become more affordable and commonplace. Due to their benefits for supporting collaborative work—when compared to current desktop-based setups—they will likely be integrated in tomorrow’s work and learning environments. In these environments the exploration of information is a common task. We describe design considerations that focus on digital tabletop collaborative visualization environments. We focus on two types of interfaces: those for information exploration and data analysis in the context of workplaces, and those for more casual information exploration in public settings such as museums. We contrast design considerations for both environments and outline differences and commonalities between them
Display Models for Visualization
Get PDFModels for visualization are important, helping the developer and user to understand the visualization process; to follow the connections and the data paths through the system; and to reference and compare the functionality and the limitations of different systems or techniques. Display models specifically classify the data by what type of output can be created. Jacques Bertin described a symbolic reference model that he used to describe images and displays. In this paper we review his and other `display orientated models' describing important aspects of these methods and ideas. We then translate Bertin's scheme into an algebraic form as a method to describe visualizations
Visualization for the masses : learning from the experts
Get PDF18th International Conference on Case-based Reasoning (ICCBR 2010), 19-22 July 2010, Alessandria, ItalyIncreasingly, in our everyday lives, we rely on our ability to access and understand complex information. Just as the search engine played a key role in helping people access relevant information, there is evidence that the next generation of information tools will provide users with a greater ability to analyse and make sense of large amounts of raw data. Visualization technologies are set to play an important role in this regard. However, the current generation of visualization tools are simply too complex for the typical user. In this paper we describe a novel application of case-based reasoning techniques to help users visualize complex datasets. We exploit an online visualization service, ManyEyes,
and explore how case-based representation of datasets including simple features such as size and content types can produce recommendations to assist novice users in the selection of appropriate visualization types.Science Foundation IrelandConference detailshttp://www.iccbr.org/iccbr10/To be published by Springer in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence series: http://www.iccbr.org/iccbr10/html/call_for_papers.html. On publication, 12 months embargo. Condition: provide a link to the published article on Springer’s website, accompanied by the text “The final publication is available at springerlink.com”. Author version can remain as is (no set text)- AV 7/10/2010. ti ke SB. 11/10/2010
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Personal visualization and personal visual analytics
No full textData surrounds each and every one of us in our daily lives, ranging from exercise logs, to archives of our interactions with others on social media, to online resources pertaining to our hobbies. There is enormous potential for us to use these data to understand ourselves better and make positive changes in our lives. Visualization (Vis) and Visual Analytics (VA) offer substantial opportunities to help individuals gain insights about themselves, their communities and their interests; however, designing tools to support data analysis in non-professional life brings a unique set of research and design challenges. We investigate the requirements and research directions required to take full advantage of Vis and VA in a personal context. We develop a taxonomy of design dimensions to provide a coherent vocabulary for discussing Personal Visualization and Personal Visual Analytics. By identifying and exploring clusters in the design space, we discuss challenges and share perspectives on future research. This work brings together research that was previously scattered across disciplines. Our goal is to call research attention to this space and engage researchers to explore the enabling techniques and technology that will support people to better understand data relevant to their personal lives, interests, and needs
Understanding Visualization: A formal approach using category theory and semiotics
No full textThis article combines the vocabulary of semiotics and category theory to provide a formal analysis of visualization. It shows how familiar processes of visualization fit the semiotic frameworks of both Saussure and Peirce, and extends these structures using the tools of category theory to provide a general framework for understanding visualization in practice, including: relationships between systems, data collected from those systems, renderings of those data in the form of representations, the reading of those representations to create visualizations, and the use of those visualizations to create knowledge and understanding of the system under inspection. The resulting framework is validated by demonstrating how familiar information visualization concepts (such as literalness, sensitivity, redundancy, ambiguity, generalizability, and chart junk) arise naturally from it and can be defined formally and precisely. This article generalizes previous work on the formal characterization of visualization by, inter alia, Ziemkiewicz and Kosara and allows us to formally distinguish properties of the visualization process that previous work does not
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