1,720,959 research outputs found
SNP data of 556 isolates of the wheat leaf rust fungus, Puccinia triticina from 11 world-wide regions
No full textWe provide variant calls in VCF and fasta format. Fasta formatted data were used with the deposited python script to calculate the average number of pairwise differences between sequences. GBS SNP calls in Variant Call Format (bgzipped) GBS Haplotype sequence in fasta format (tarballed directory) Python script for calculating average number of pairwise differences using the fasta haplotypes as input. Names dependency file for python script. The excel file gives the virulence/virulence of the same isolates to 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes.This dataset includes SNPs of 556 isolates of the wheat leaf rust fungus, Puccina triticina from 11 worldwide regions that were mapped to the reference genome. This data was used to examine the population structure of Puccinia triticina on a worldwide basis, and to examine the evolutionary relationship between collections from a wheat progenitor, collections from durum wheat, and collections from common wheat. Groups of isolates that were highly related were found in distant continental regions, indicating past and current migration of this important wheat pathogen. Data is being released now in conjunction with publication of a primary research paper that describes this research.Kolmer, James; Herman, Adam; Ordonez, Maria; German, Silvia; Morgounov, Alexy; Pretorius, Zack; Visser, Botma; Anikster, Yehoshoa; Acevedo, Maricelis. (2019). SNP data of 556 isolates of the wheat leaf rust fungus, Puccinia triticina from 11 world-wide regions. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/0f8c-k469
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Characterization of At-RLK3, a putative receptor-like protein kinase from Arabidopsis thaliana
No full textEnglish: An attempt was made during this study to assign a putative role for At-RLK3 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) are a group of proteins that was described in various plants. These proteins have a very characteristic structure. They are integral plasma membrane proteins where a hydrophobic transmembrane domain links an extracellular ligand binding domain with an intracellular protein kinase domain. RLKs are involved in various plant processes including development, disease resistance and hormonal signaling. At-RLK3 is a single copy gene in A. thaliana that is expressed during various stress conditions. Oxidative and osmotic stress, infection with pathogens and exposure to salicylic acid (SA) all led to the induced expression of the gene. A similar increase in At-RLK3 protein levels was found after the respective treatments. The kinase domain shares high homology with several other protein kinases and has all 11 conserved sub-domains characteristic of plant protein kinases. It was proven that At-RLK3 is an active protein kinase that specifically phosphorylates serine and threonine amino acids within its active domain. It preferentially uses Mg 2+ as cofactor. The enzyme is located at the plasma membrane and is rapidly activated upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), menadione and osmotic stress conditions, but not after SA treatment. The extracellular domain has two conserved cysteine rich regions that form part of two “domain of unknown function” (DUF) regions. These cysteines are thought to be involved in the formation of disulphide bridges and to be responsive to changes in the redox conditions surrounding the cell. Plants expressing an antisense copy of the gene showed an altered response to treatments with H2O2 and SA compared to the wild type plants. Whereas the wild type plants activated the plant defense shortly after treatment with both H2O2 and SA, only SA managed a similar activation in the transgenic plants. The transgenic plants treated with H2O2 did not show this initial activation. In addition, after both treatments the wild type plants exhibited an amplified and sustained activation of the defense reaction 48 h after treatment which was completely absent in the transgenic plants. This led to the hypothesis that At-RLK3 is responsible to detect changes in extracellular H2O2 levels in A. thaliana most probably due to a change in redox conditions. This then leads to the activation of the enzyme and the subsequent activation of the plant defense response.Afrikaans: Die doel van die studie was om ‘n moontlike funksie vir At-RLK3 in Arabidopsis
thaliana voor te stel.
Reseptorproteïenkinases (RLKs) is ‘n groep proteïene wat in verskillende plante
beskryf is. Die proteïene vorm die groep as gevolg van hulle kenmerkende struktuur.
Hulle is integrale plasmamembraanproteïene wat in die membraan deur ‘n
hidrofobiese transmembraan domein geanker is. Die domein verbind twee ander
gedeeltes van die proteïen met mekaar, naamlik ‘n intrasellulêre proteïen kinase
domein en ‘n ekstrasellulêre domein wat in staat is om ligande te bind. RLKs is
betrokke by ‘n verskeidenheid van sellulêre prosesse soos plantontwikkeling, die
weerstand van die plant teen siektes en die oordrag van hormonale seine.
At-RLK3 is ‘n enkelkopie geen in die A. thaliana genoom. Die uiting van die geen
word deur ‘n verskeidenheid faktore aangeskakel. Dit sluit in oksidatiewe en
osmotiese strestoestande, infeksies deur patogene en die blootstelling van die plant
aan salisielsuur (SA). Die aktivering van geenuiting was gevolg deur ‘n soortgelyke
toename in proteïenkonsentrasie binne die sel. Die kinasedomein toon homologie met
verskeie ander plant proteïenkinases. Verder is al 11 gekonserveerde subdomeins wat
kenmerkend is van aktiewe proteïen kinases, teenwoordig. At-RLK3 is ‘n aktiewe
proteïenkinase wat serien en treonien aminosure in sy kinasedomein spesifiek
fosforileer. Die ensiem gebruik ook by voorkeur Mg2+ as kofaktor. Die ensiem is
plasmamembraan gebonde en word vinnig na waterstofperoksied (H2O2), menadioon
en osmotiese stres behandelings geaktiveer. SA behandeling aktiveer die ensiem
egter glad nie.
Die ekstrasellulêre domein van At-RLK3 besit twee gekonserveerde sisteïenryke
gebiede wat deel vorm van twee ander gebiede wat bekend staan as “domein met
onbekende funksie” (DUFs). Dit is moontlik dat die gekonserveerde sisteïene by die vorming van disulfiedbrûe betrokke kan wees en dat dit verder sensitief vir enige
veranderings in die redokstoestande buite die sel is.
Transgeniese plante waarin ‘n teensinkopie van die geen tot uiting kom, het ‘n ander
fenotipe as die wilde tipe plante getoon nadat dit met H2O2 en SA behandel is. Die
wilde tipe plante het in beide gevalle ‘n aktivering van die plantverdedigingsreaksie
kort na behandeling getoon. Terwyl SA behandelde transgeniese plante ook ‘n
soortgelyke aktivering getoon het, het die transgeniese plante wat met H2O2 behandel
is, geen aktivering getoon nie. Verder het die wildetipe plante op die langer duur ‘n
sterk voortgesette aktivering van plantverdediging getoon, wat totaal in die
transgeniese plante afwesig was.
Dit het daartoe gelei dat ‘n hipotetiese funksie van At-RLK3 voorgestel is waar die
ensiem verantwoordelik is vir die deteksie van verhoogde H2O2-vlakke buite die sel.
Die aktivering van die ensiem is bes moontlik die gevolg van veranderinge in die
redokskondisies, wat uiteindelik dan tot die aktivering van die
plantverdedigingsrespons lei
Genetic variation in South African Diuraphis noxia biotypes
No full textWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important winter and spring crop in South Africa with average dryland yields of 2.5 t/ha, while irrigated wheat yields 5 t/ha. Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) commonly referred to as the Russian wheat aphid was recorded in 1978 to South Africa and has become a major pest in the wheat industry. It can cause over 80% yield loss in the summer rainfall region if not controlled. There are five described RWA biotypes in SA, namely RWASA1 to RWASA5. We investigated the genetic variation of 24 specimens which are representative of four South African RWA biotypes using three molecular techniques, AFLP, cDNA-AFLP and microsatellites. With AFLP and cDNA-AFLP, we detected variation among specimens within a biotype. The cDNA-AFLP results increased the amount of the variation detected compared to the genomic AFLP results, but it was not sufficient to be linked to a specific biotype. With microsatellites, we were able to detect variation among biotypes and distinguish between them. We were unable to identify markers unique to a biotype. We found evidence that the genetic diversity may be linked to geographic location of the RWA, but further investigation is required to confirm this.Agricultural Research Council-Small GrainNational Research Foundation (NRF
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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