1,721,070 research outputs found
Remote Sensing and Field Data Based Structural 3D Modelling (Haslital, Switzerland) in Combination with Uncertainty Estimation and Verification by Underground Data
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Origin, characterization and predictive distribution of karst structures
No full textLes réseaux karstiques s'organisent de manière hiérarchique et se comportent comme des drains pour l'écoulement des fluides souterrains. Cependant seule une partie limitée de ces réseaux karstiques est généralement humainement observable, et la connaissance globale d'un système reste limitée. Les simulations géostatistiques représentent un moyen d’étudier les différentes configurations des réseaux karstiques tridimensionnels (3D) probables et ainsi de déterminer les incertitudes sur le comportement du réservoir. Établir une telle démarche nécessite de comprendre les étapes de structuration d'un karst donné à partir de déterminations karstologiques permettant d'identifier la morphogenèse des formes exo- et endokarstique et de reconstituer l'évolution spéléogénétique d'un massif (spéléogenèse épigène ou hypogène, évolution du niveau de base, etc.). Cela a permis de définir une zonation de l'occurrence de l'organisation des structures karstiques (zone vadose, épiphréatique ou phréatique). En parallèle, l'analyse quantitative de géométries et de topologies de données 3D de cavités analogues a permis de comparer les différentes structures de réseaux karstiques et de fournir une base de données quantitative de caractéristiques morphologiques de cavités en fonction de processus spéléogénétiques. Deux approches géostatistiques ont été testées pour la simulation stochastique de réseaux karstiques. Elles reposent sur l'utilisation de méthodes classiques de géostatistiques basées-pixel : la simulation séquentielle d’indicatrice (SIS) et les simulations multipoints (MPS).Karst networks are hierarchically organized and behave as drains for underground fluid flows. However, the humanly observed karst conduits represent only a limited part of the complete karst conduit system, and overall knowledge remains limited. Geostatistical stochastic simulations represent an interesting tool to study the different three-dimensional (3D) probable configurations of karst networks and then, to determine the uncertainties on the reservoir behaviors. This approach first requires understanding the successive stages of karst structuring of a reservoir and then to numerically reconstruct the 3D organization of karst structures. From karstological determinations, it is possible to identify the morphogenesis of the exo- and endokarst forms and to reconstitute the speleogenetic evolution of a massif (epigenic or hypogenic speleogenesis, evolution of the basic level, etc.). The speleogenetic reconstitutions then make it possible to identify the successive phases of the karst system structuration (epigenic or hypogenic speleogenesis, evolution of base level, etc.). In parallel, a quantitative analysis of the geometries and the topologies performed on 3D cave surveys permits to compare the different organizations of the karst network patterns, related to speleogenetic processes. This morphometric analysis provides a quantitative database of morphological characteristics according to their speleogenetic processes. Finally, two geostatistical approaches were tested to generate karst networks. They correspond to two classical pixel-based geostatistical methods: the sequential indicator simulation (SIS) and the multipoint simulations (MPS)
Modeling of sedimentary structures and application to image analysis
No full textLes réservoirs clastiques sont constitués pour la plupart d'un agencement géométrique de plusieurs structures. Le but de ces travaux est de fournir une représentation volumétrique de ces différents objets afin de pouvoir reproduire la grande hétérogénéité des dépôts sédimentaires. Nous proposons une paramétrisation tridimensionnelle compacte des objets sédimentaires qui permet de représenter des géométries variées et qui fournit un espace curvilinéaire pour la modélisation des hétérogénéités internes des structures sédimentaires. Les modèles de corps géologiques sont définis par une représentation par frontières, chacune des frontières étant construite par une surface paramétrique déformable. La formulation mathématique utilisée pour construire les espaces paramétriques sont les B-Splines rationnelles non uniformes dites NURBS (pour Non Uniform Rational B-Splines). Chaque forme élémentaire est contrôlée par des règles de déformations afin de maintenir la géométrie et la cohérence des objets durant l'édition. Les modèles de structures sédimentaires sont appliqués à la simulation de chenaux et des structures qui y sont liées telles que les barres d'accrétion latérale. Ils servent alors de support pour réaliser des simulations de propriétés pétrophysiques qui suivent l'espace paramétrique particulier de chaque objet. Les modèles d'objets sédimentaires sont également appliqués dans le cadre de l'interprétation semi-automatique d'images géologiques en adaptant des méthodes classiques d'extraction de formes. Cette approche est appliquée sur des images satellites de chenaux alluviaux. Des résultats préliminaires sur des données de sismiques 3D sont également présentésMost clastic deposits consist in geometric arrangements of several structures. The purpose of this work is to provide a volumetric representation of these objects in order to reproduce the high heterogeneity of the sedimentary deposits. These models are constructed to be flexible and compact in order to model the sedimentary formations at different scales. The sedimentary models are defined by a boundary representation ; each boundary is defined by a deformable parametric surface. The proposed parametrization is the Non Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS). Each elementary shape is controlled by deformation rules and has connection constraints with associated objects, in order to maintain the geometry and the consistency through editing. Sedimentary structure models are applied to channel simulation and to the construction of the related structures such as point bars. These structures are then used as framework for petrophysical property simulations. The models are also applied to semi-automatically interpret geological images by adapting classical shape extraction methods. This approach is applied on satellite pictures showing alluvial channels and some preliminary results on 3D seismic time slices are also presente
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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