99 research outputs found
Landscape in the writings of Nico Orengo
No full textCette thèse est la première monographie sur l’œuvre de l’écrivain et journaliste italien Nico Orengo (Turin, 1944-2009), auteur de recueils de poèmes, de récits et de romans, de comptines et récits pour enfants. Bien que la critique ait reconnu la valeur et l’intérêt de son œuvre et qu’elle ait présenté Orengo comme étant l’une des voix les plus originales de la littérature italienne contemporaine, aucun travail d’interprétation et d’approfondissement ne lui avait encore été consacré. Ce travail aspire à combler ce vide en démontrant qu’Orengo a été un précurseur eu égard tant aux sujets traités qu’aux modalités d’écriture choisies. Tous ses textes ont été étudiés à l’aune du paysage. L’intérêt de cette perspective relève de la place primordiale accordé dans son œuvre à un paysage bien défini et reconnaissable, celui de la Ligurie occidentale, à la frontière entre France et Italie, terre d’origine de sa famille. Cela nous a permis de vérifier comment l’auteur exploite la réalité du paysage, comment il l’exprime dans son écriture et quelles significations il lui attribue ; cela, dans but d’éclairer la nature de l’écriture d’un paysage. Sur le plan méthodologique nous nous appuyons sur la notion de paysage telle qu’elle a été élaborée par Michel Collot. L’approche thématique, alliée des outils d’analyse à disposition par la linguistique, la stylistique et la phénoménologie, est à la base de notre travail.This thesis is the first monograph about the work of the Italian writer and journalist Nico Orengo (Turin, 1944-2009), the author of poetry collections, short stories and novels, nursery rhymes and children’s short stories. Even if critics have admitted the value and the interest of his work and despite portraying Orengo as one of the most original voices of contemporary Italian literature, not a single work of interpretation and analysis has yet to be written about him. This work aims to fill that void, showing that Orengo was a precursor for both the themes he approaches and the modalities of his writing style. All of his texts have been analysed through the landscape. The interest of this choice lies in the fact that Orengo, although a native of Turin, set almost all of his work in Liguria, focusing on a particularly defined and distinguishable landscape; the far west landscape, between France and Italy, the original region of his family. This allows us to show how Orengo uses this landscape reality, how he re-elaborates it in his writings and the meanings he gives to it, if he makes a coherent construction of it or, on the contrary, whether this construction changes over time and according to the genre of literature. The aim is to show what landscape writing consists of. Composed of three parts, this thesis is introduced by a preamble that defines the subject of this analysis, explaining the issues of research on the landscape in literature. On the methodological level, it is based on the perspective of landscape as proposed by Michel Collet and is inspired by his approach, appealing to thematic critics, but also to linguistics, stylistics and phenomenology
Eznik Kołbac'i entre orient et occident.
No full textThe Ełc ałandoc' ("Refutation of the Sects") by Eznik Kołbacci is among the earliest Armenian writings. It dates back to the 440s, when the Armenians, having lost their independence, were threatened with cultural and religious assimilation by Sasanian Persia. In his treatise the author describes and then refutes several creeds and philosophical theories, such as ancient beliefs dating back to Armenian paganism, doctrines of Greek philosophers, Valentinian Gnosticism, Zurvanism, and, finally, Marcion's Christian heresy.
The paper will try to establish how widespread these doctrines actually were in the Armenian-speaking world during Eznik's times, and assess to what extent they could be considered dangerous for the cultural survival of the Armenians themselves. It will also discuss the possible reasons why Eznik did not address other religious beliefs, such as Armenian paganism stricto sensu or Manichaeism
L'origine et la valeur des grammaires de Oskan Erewanc'i
No full textOskan Łličenc' Erewanc'i (1614-1674), although better known as a printer, was also the author – among other works – of a grammar book. This has reached us in two versions, a longer one attested only in manuscript witnesses, and a shorter, reduced version thereof, published by Oskan himself in his own printing house in Amsterdam in 1666.
The longer version is a translation / adaptation of a Latin text authored by Italian philosopher Tommaso Campanella and published in Paris in 1638. In principle, Oskan could have used this printed version. However, a few elements suggest that he might also have known the still unpublished work through Father Paolo Piromalli, a disciple of Campanella’s, and Oskan’s own teacher in Armenia between 1634 and 1636. At the time, Piromalli was in possession of manuscripts containing some of Campanella’s writings, including, perhaps, his grammatical work.
While reworking his source, Oskan strictly adheres to the original in relatively minor details: for instance, he faithfully reproduces personal names even when the person in question was comparatively unknown in Armenian milieux. On the other hand, he shows considerable independence in relevant aspects: thus, he clearly shows his knowledge of the Armenian grammatical tradition alongside Campanella’s teachings. Moreover, he is clearly aware that certain grammatical categories – such as nominal gender, superlatives, etc. – although present in Campanella’s theoretical framework (based on Latin), do not exist in Armenian.
As for the shorter version published in 1666, it is a basic manual, evidently cheaper to print than the longer version, but also much less informative
L’alterità religiosa in Armenia alla metà del V secolo dopo Cristo: il caso di Eznik di Kołb
No full textAbstract. During the 4th and 5th centuries, Armenia went through a series of major events. In 301 (or rather, more probably,
in 314) Christianity was adopted as the official state religion. Around 387 the country was divided into two parts,
more or less directly controlled by the Persians and by the Byzantines respectively. Around 405 an original script for the
Armenian language was invented, and a literary production (both translations and original works) began. In 428 the
last Armenian king was deposed, and his territory was incorporated into the Persian empire. Around the middle of the
5th century, the Sasanians tried to forcibly convert the Armenians to their Mazdean (Zurvanite) religion; this attempt
was met with strong resistance, which culminated with the historical and tragic battle of Awarayr (451). However,
even before that, the Armenians made a conscious effort to preserve their identity as a people, by writing down the life
of some of the most prominent figures of the 4th and early 5th century (cf. e.g. Koriwn’s biography of Maštocc), and by
refuting pagan or heretical theories that were still present among them. The latter was the goal of Eznik’s treatise Ełc
Ałandocc [Refutation of the Sects]: in this work the author deals with "pagan" sectarians (i.e. Valentinians, Zurvanites,
Astrologers, Greek Philosophers) and with Christian heretics such as the Marcionites, denominations which were all
demonstrably present in Armenia – or in neighbouring countries – in or around his time. The treatise, at least in its
present form, does not include other sects whose refutation might have been expected. Among these, the Manicheans
were probably no longer felt as a menace, while the heresy of the Mclneaykc (Messalians?) had already been discussed
and condemned in the Synod of Šahapivan (in or around 444), so Eznik might have thought any further refutation
superfluous. What is conspicuously missing is a systematic analysis of Armenian paganism: Eznik limits himself to
disproving the existence of a few minor deities, more pertinent to folklore than to religion. This might depend on the
belief – probably reflecting the official position of the Armenian church – that local paganism had been completely
eradicated by that time, and did not warrant any further discussion. In any case, such an ideological standpoint probably
did not correspond to the actual situation of the country
A qualitative study assessing the general health problems of street-based female sex workers in Cape Town
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.Generally, sex workers are a socially marginalized group with poor physical health. Within the hierarchy of sex workers, street-based sex workers are at the bottom. Street-based sex workers face different kinds of work experiences and exposure, with varying degrees of health problems. Their health problems are more severe and worse than the other classes of sex workers. Street-based sex workers are subjected to considerable risks of physical abuse, beatings and rape. These impact greatly on their health. This study explored the general health problems of street-based female sex workers. The study was carried out in Cape Town among street-based female sex workers aged 18 years and above. It was cross-sectional, conducted over a period of six months using fifteen (15) in-depth interviews and four (4) focus group discussions. The respondents were non-randomly recruited through the Embrace Dignity Project, whose activities involved sex workers. The study discovered that condom use was inconsistent as a result of financial incentives, condom breakage, violence, rape and non-payment from clients when insisting on condom use. But some respondents were not using condoms at all. The majority of respondents reported stigmatization and discrimination by community members and the police. Most of the respondents do not go for routine and other medical checks. Some respondents were not satisfied with health care provision due to discrimination by providers and long waiting times. Notwithstanding, respondents reported a long list of health problems including: flu, cough, HIV/AIDS, TB, headache, vaginal discharge, itchy vagina, sleeplessness, high blood pressure, fever, heart problems, diarrhoea, sweating at night, arthritis, diabetes, alcoholic problems, bad breath, sore throat, and mouth rash. Physical and psychological problems were also mentioned. Most respondents rated their health status as bad. The illegality of sex work in South Africa pushes sex workers to practice the trade in obscure places making them very vulnerable. Street-based female sex workers have numerous general health problems, but with limited access to health services. The law does not also help the course of street-based female sex workers. There is an urgent need to partially criminalize sex work. Reorientation and education of sex workers and providers is also required. All these will help promote the welfare of sex workers
Construct Validity Studies of a Group Development Measurement Scale (EDG-D)
No full textDissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia do Trabalho, das Organizações e dos Recursos Humanos apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação da Universidade de CoimbraThe Integrated Model of Group Development (MIDG), proposed by Miguez and Lourenço (2001), fits into the hybrid category of group development models (Smith, 2001). The model, includes elements from linear – the progression from dependence towards interdependence – cyclical – the psychodynamic perspective of several influencing energies throughout group's developmental process – and polar models – the unceasing tension between the two subsystems that are part of it. The model places its foundations at two equally important subsystems – socio-affective and task – and conceives group development through the course of four stages: Structuring, Reframing, Restructuring and Realization. Each of the subsystems intervenes chiefly in the two earlier or latter stages, respectively, while keeping influential along the way to varying degrees. Group Development Scale – Sport (or EDG-D) is a self-response instrument based on the MIDG, built to measure group development on sports teams. EDG-D uses a self-response 7-point Likert-scale and includes 36 items (9 per stage) measuring central group processes (e.g., communication, conflict, cohesion, clarity of objectives). The original construct validation studies of N. Pinto (2012) lead to the emergence of a three dimensional scale, contrasting to the four stages initially proposed by MIDG: first and second stages corresponded fittingly; thirds and fourth stages, however, emerged grouped together. The present study further tests the psychometric attributes of the scale with a new sample of 54 sports teams (N = 566). Through confirmatory factor analysis we tested the four-stage model (conceptual model) against the three-stage model (emergent model). The scale proved again to fit a three-stage model better, showing very robust psychometric qualities. Subsequent analytical procedures, including a measurement of invariance, with the same set of data, collected at two different moments along the sports season, further confirmed ascertained results. The final version comprising 27 items showed to be a valid and reliable group development assessment instrument. The results are convergent with a number of previous studies and are discussed in the group development theory framework
First Morpho-Functional Assessment of Immature Stages of Pelecocera Species (Diptera: Syrphidae) Feeding on False Truffles
No full textWith 14 species, Pelecocera Meigen, 1822 is a scarce and small genus of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae: Rhingiini) from the Holarctic Region. Apart from the finding of larvae of Pelecocera (Chamaesyrphus) japonica (Shiraki, 1956) in fungi in Japan, the larval biology of these hoverflies is virtually unknown. The early stages of all Pelecocera species are undescribed. The adults of Pelecocera (Pelecocera) tricincta Meigen, 1822 and Pelecocera (Chamaesyrphus) lugubris Perris, 1839 are found in Palearctic conifer forests with sand dunes. We here report the first morphological evidence of the immature stages of Pelecocera (P. lugubris and P. tricincta), as well as specific data on their breeding sites. Larvae of both species were collected feeding on the hypogean basidiomycete Rhizopogon luteolus Fr. & Nordholm, 1817 in Denmark in 2021. The first larval stage and second larval stage of P. tricincta, the third larval stage of P. lugubris, the anterior respiratory process, and the posterior respiratory process of the puparia of these two species were analyzed and studied using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope techniques. The chaetotaxy of the puparium of each species is also described and illustrated. A taxonomic diagnosis of the larvae of the genus Pelecocera is proposed to separate them from the larvae of other genera of the tribe.Student grant of José J. Orengo-Green’s was funded by the University of Alicante (UAFPU2019B 57). This work is part of a PhD thesis of the first author
El análisis de la innovación tecnológica en las organizaciones desde la teoría fundamentada (Grounded Theory)
No full textComportamentos de suporte e eficácia grupal: o papel mediador dos comportamentos de aprendizagem
No full textDissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia do Trabalho, das Organizações e dos Recursos Humanos apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoSupportive behaviours, defined “as the extent to which team members voluntarily provide assistance to each other when needed during task accomplishment” (Aubé & Rousseau, 2005, p.193), constitute a determinant of Team Effectiveness (Dimas, Rocha, Rebelo, & Lourenço, 2016). The current research aims to clarify further the relationship between Supportive Behaviours and Team Effectiveness criteria, mediated by Team Learning Behaviours. Based on the model of effectiveness Input-Mediator-Outcome-Input (IMOI) from Kozlowski and Ilgen (2006), the Supportive Behaviours are viewed as an antecedent (input) of Team Effectiveness, where its impact on the results is achieved through the relationship with intervening or mediating variables, which may constitute team processes or emergent team states. To evaluate effectiveness were considered the following criteria proposed by Aubé and Rousseau (2005), and Rousseau and Aubé (2010): performance, viability, quality of group experience and team processes improvement.The sample was made up of 535 participants from 90 teams (N = 445 team members, N = 90 team leaders), working in 40 Portuguese organisations from different sectors and areas of activity. The measures for data collection used were Portuguese adaptations of Team Effectiveness Measures, Team Learning Behaviors’ Instrument, and Supportive Behaviours Scale. Results revealed that Team Learning Behaviours partially mediates the relationship between Supportive Behaviours and team performance and totally mediates the relationship between Supportive Behaviours and viability.The present study highlights the importance of Supportive Behaviours and Team Learning Behaviours on four criteria of Team Effectiveness.Supportive behaviours, defined “as the extent to which team members voluntarily provide assistance to each other when needed during task accomplishment” (Aubé & Rousseau, 2005, p.193), constitute a determinant of Team Effectiveness (Dimas, Rocha, Rebelo, & Lourenço, 2016). The current research aims to clarify further the relationship between Supportive Behaviours and Team Effectiveness criteria, mediated by Team Learning Behaviours. Based on the model of effectiveness Input-Mediator-Outcome-Input (IMOI) from Kozlowski and Ilgen (2006), the Supportive Behaviours are viewed as an antecedent (input) of Team Effectiveness, where its impact on the results is achieved through the relationship with intervening or mediating variables, which may constitute team processes or emergent team states. To evaluate effectiveness were considered the following criteria proposed by Aubé and Rousseau (2005), and Rousseau and Aubé (2010): performance, viability, quality of group experience and team processes improvement.The sample was made up of 535 participants from 90 teams (N = 445 team members, N = 90 team leaders), working in 40 Portuguese organisations from different sectors and areas of activity. The measures for data collection used were Portuguese adaptations of Team Effectiveness Measures, Team Learning Behaviors’ Instrument, and Supportive Behaviours Scale. Results revealed that Team Learning Behaviours partially mediates the relationship between Supportive Behaviours and team performance and totally mediates the relationship between Supportive Behaviours and viability.The present study highlights the importance of Supportive Behaviours and Team Learning Behaviours on four criteria of Team Effectiveness
Access barriers to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Zimbabwe: a case study of Chivhu Hospital
No full textIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.Access to healthcare is one of the basic social goods which ensures that individuals lead healthy and long lives. There is an increased need towards ensuring access to health care for all, which has led to the question of how access is defined. Access in this study is defined as the degree of fit between the health care system and patients. It involves an interaction between the system and patients in a way which removes access barriers to care. A comprehensive framework was used to measure access in this study. The framework allows for a systematic approach to the concept of access and measures access in three dimensions namely affordability, availability and acceptability. Using this framework, the study looked into the factors affecting access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) by patients at Chivhu Hospital in Zimbabwe. Chivhu was chosen because it has a mixed population of urban and rural patients which represents the typical Zimbabwean population. A cross sectional study design was adopted for this study
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