323,504 research outputs found
Security and Privacy Analysis of Vinoth et al.’s Authenticated Key Agreement Scheme for Industrial IoT
No full textVinoth et al. proposed an authenticated key agreement scheme for industrial IoT (Internet of Things) applications. Vinoth et al.’s scheme aimed to protect the remote sensing data of industrial IoT devices under hostile environments. The scheme is interesting because the authorized user is allowed simultaneously to access the multiple IoT sensing devices. Therefore, we carefully analyzed the security and privacy implications of Vinoth et al.’s scheme. Our findings are summarized as follows. One, Vinoth et al.’s scheme failed to defeat user impersonation attacks. Second, Vinoth et al.’s scheme did not prevent IoT sensing device impersonation attacks. Third, Vinoth et al.’s scheme suffered from replay attacks. Fourth, Vinoth et al.’s scheme was vulnerable to desynchronization attacks. Fifth, Vinoth et al.’s scheme could not maintain user privacy. As a case study, our analysis results enlighten researchers and engineers on the design of robust and efficient authenticated key agreement schemes for IoT applications
Studies associating blastocystis sp. tocolorectal cancer Vinoth s/o Kumarasamy
No full textCancer has become a vital public health issue around the world. Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the major causes of deaths worldwide. Numerous reports have correlated infectious agents and cancer including CRC. Infectious agents are known to contribute to 20% of CRC. Recent findings have demonstrated the possible correlation between Blastocystis and CRC with many conflicting reports on the question of pathogenicity of different subtypes of Blastocystis. To improve our understanding on the molecular epidemiology of this parasite, we determined the Blastocystis subtypes (STs) and their relative frequency in CRC patients and control groups. Epidemiological studies related to Blastocystis often give poor results due to poor sensitivity of standard methods available to detect Blastocystis genotypes in the stool sample. As such,
prevalence study was conducted using colonic washouts collected from CRC patients and healthy individuals. The mean prevalence of Blastocystis infection was significantly
higher among CRC patients (n=43, 21.08%) compared to healthy control (n=22, 9.95%, p < 0.01) and subtype 3 was predominant (12.75%) among these individuals. We also
investigated immunoglobulin levels in Blastocystis positive patients who were newly diagnosed with CRC as well as those subjected to chemotherapy. We found the high infection in both newly diagnosed CRC patients and chemotherapy patients with the elevation of specific antibodies. One healthy individual who was negative for Blastocystis both by direct microscopy and in in vitro cultures had higher IgM titers
(1:1600) and 4 showed low titres of IgG antibody. A total of 11 healthy individuals were positive for IgG. Significant number of healthy individuals showed the presence of IgA with the exception of one individual who showed the presence at low titers. The finding showed the presence of association between immune response to Blastocystis
antigen and CRC. In addition, we also evaluated the effect of solubilized antigen isolated from five different subtypes of Blastocystis on colon cancer cells, HCT116 and
peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. Evaluation of gene expression of cytokines, nuclear transcription factors and apoptotic genes in colon cancer cell and immune cells in the presence of Blastocystis was carried out. The proliferation analysis and gene expression findings in the present study implicate a possible pathogenic role for subtype 3 Blastocystis. The inhibitory effect was seen to be higher in PBMCs isolated from CRC patients compared to healthy volunteers which suggests that
Blastocystis infection may prevent immune cell propagation to combat the infection. Besides that, the parasite’s influence on the cytotoxic activity of chemotherapy drugs during cancer treatment was also assessed in this study. We designed an in vitro model to specifically analyse the effect of Blastocystis on chemotherapy drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colon cancer cells, HCT116 and normal colon fibroblast cells, CCD18-Co. 5-FU caused a dose-dependent increase in the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. However, the inhibitory effect was reduced in the presence of Blastocystis antigen at 8μM and 10μM of 5-FU. We speculate that Blastocystis antigen could interfere with the efficacy of 5-FU cytotoxicity towards cancer cells. Blastocystis induced expression of inflammatory cytokines, gene transcription factors and angiogenic factors that resulted in resistance of cancer cells against 5-FU. Further validation of the pathogenicity of Blastocystis was carried out using experimental animal models induced with carcinogen, azoxymethane (AOM). Increased crypts formation and increased colorectal dysplasia and elevated level of oxidative damage were observed in the presence of Blastocystis infection. The study underscores the importance of including Blastocystis infection in routine parasitological investigation among CRC patients especially when it can be easily be acquired from contaminated water, food and possibly from animals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of temperature on NH3 sensing by ZnO: Mg thin film grown by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique
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Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Silencing of prophenoloxidase (proPO) gene in freshwater prawn, <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>, makes them susceptible to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)
No full textProphenoloxidase (proPO) is very important to protect the invertebrates from microbial infections. Our previous studies revealed that proPO was up-regulated in WSSV-injected Macrobrachium rosenbergii and is responsible for protecting M. rosenbergii from WSSV. In order to prove this mechanism, an attempt was made in the present study to silence the proPO gene in freshwater prawn by injection of dsRNA-proPO followed by WSSV challenge. Two partial fragments of proPO with the size of 251 and 331 bp were used to synthesize dsRNA using LITMUS38i vector and E. coli. The bacterially synthesized dsRNA-proPO was used to silence proPO gene to determine its involvement in developing resistance in prawn against WSSV. In proPO gene-silenced prawn, 100% mortality was observed after WSSV challenge whereas no mortality was observed in prawn injected with WSSV alone. The WSSV infection in gene-silenced prawn was confirmed by PCR, and its propagation was quantified by ELISA and real-time PCR at different time intervals. Real-time PCR assay revealed a significant reduction in the expression of proPO gene in WSSV-challenged proPO-silenced prawn when compared to normal prawn. Level of proPO was reduced significantly in the haemolymph of proPO-silenced prawn when compared to prawn injected with PBS.</p
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
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