16 research outputs found
Dynamics of power systems at critical load levels
No full textIn this thesis, eigenvalue algorithms used in the commercial software packages (AESOPS and PEALS) to analyze low frequency oscillations in large scale power systems have been explained in terms of commonly understood iterative schemes. These algorithms have been extended to include the calculation of any desired system mode. Next, the voltage instability problem has been addressed from a dynamic viewpoint in the context of critical modes of the linearized system matrix. The eigenvalue algorithms have been used to establish a correspondence between the critical modes and certain system states. Two case studies have been performed to analyze the dynamic nature of the voltage problem. Finally, Hopf bifurcation theory has been used to analyze the nonlinear power system at critical load levels.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:49:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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The sparing number of the powers of certain Mycielski graphs
No full textIn this paper, we discuss the sparing number of the power graphs of the Mycielski graphs of certain graph classes.The first named author would like to dedicate this paper to his respected teacher, mentor and motivator Prof. (Dr) T. Thrivikraman, as tribute for his glittering services in teaching and research in mathematics
A Study on Diagnostic Methodology Neerkkuri Neikkuri of Manthaara Kaasam (Bronchial Asthma)
No full textINTRODUCTION:
Urine examination has got demonstrable objectivity with clear cut tangible rules laid down by Siddhars which will reduce the variations in examination between one physician and another.
The urine examination consists of macroscopic observation of colour, odour, froth, density and deposits. Apart from this general examination of urine, there is a unique methodology of urine examination originally conceived and crafted by Siddhars in which a drop of gingely oil is instilled over the urine sample surface collected under standard set of conditions. This unique methodology is called as “Neikuri”. The word ‘Nei’ in Tamil means oil or gingely oil to be more precise. ‘Kuri’ refers to sign. The procedure and various patterns in Neikuri are illustrated in the text of Theran, a Siddhar who excelled in propounding urine examination procedures.
Neikkuri is dropping sesame oil drop onto the mid stream urine sample surface collected in a crystal glass bowl during early morning.The mode of spreading nature of oil indicates the prognosis and diagnosis of diseases.
In Siddha system, diseases are defined as alteration in own nature of seven udal thathukkal and Uyir thathukkal in gross material body and also in subtle body. One among such diseases is ‘MANTHAARA KAASAM’.
A worldwide rise in the prevalence of asthma is being reported with increase in wheeze at an alarming rate of 5% per year. From 1983 onwards an increase in asthma mortality and morbidity has been noticed worldwide. This condition is developed on the allergic constitutional setting in an individual. This hypersensitive nature can be modulated by various treatments and Siddha system has a major role in this regard. Therefore, a simple and cost effective diagnostic tool needs to be developed which will enable physicians to detect this hypersensitive nature at the time treatment commencement, during the course and even during the symptom free period.
Hence this study explores the possibility of establishing this investigation procedure in diagnosing the ‘MANTHARA KAASAM’ and will be the low economic technique available to common man.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES:
AIM:
To develop the Neerkkuri, Neikkuri examination in Siddha system as a cost effective, yet powerful tool for diagnose and appropriate prognosis of the condition Manthaara kaasam.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To document the diagnostic patterns of Neerkkuri, Neikkuri in Manthaara kaasam/Bronchial asthma.
2. To observe for any significant Neerkkuri, Neikkuri pattern which may provide a clue in the diagnosis, prognosis or its complication.
3. To establish the review of literature.
4. To compare the neikkuri patterns of Manthaara kaasam patients with Modern parameters.
5. To elucidate the three shapes of Neerkkuri, Neikkuri on the three consecutive days.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
“A Study on Neerkkuri Neikkuri Diagnostic Methodology in Manthaara Kaasam – Bronchial Asthma” would be carried out in the Out patients and In Patients NoiNaadal Department of Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital of the National Institute of Siddha, Tambaram Sanatorium, and Chennai 47.
Population Sample: Out of the 80 cases screened, 40 diagnosed cases will be selected from the outpatient department and 20 normal subjects screened, 10 normal subjects will be selected. The study would be followed under the supervision of the HOD and Lecturers of the Noi Naadal Department.
Sample Size: Total : 50. Normal Healthy Volunteers : 10, Manthaara kaasam patients : 40.
Selection of Cases: Selection of cases is based on the screening of patient population as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria listed out in the Screening Proforma. The patient population consists of patients attending the OPD/IPD of Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital of National Institute of Siddha, Chennai.
Study Period: one year.
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Age -18 to 60 years.
2. Difficulty in breathing.
3. Wheezing.
4. Cough with mild expectoration.
5. Increased perspiration.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Lung carcinoma.
2. Tuberculosis.
3. Major systemic illness (DM, HT).
4. Any vulnerable groups (Pregnancy, Lactation).
CONCLUSION:
In Neerkkuri, colour, odour, froth, specific gravity, volume and pH were observed. The urine was mostly straw colour and aromatic odour. The froth was mostly absent and the specific gravity was mostly ranged from 1.003-1.010. The volume of urine passed per day was mostly 1-1.5 lit per day. The pH was mostly ranged between 5.1 and 6.
The reason for the difference in the Neikkuri patterns of a given patient on three consecutive days could be dietary variations. In most of the cases the dissemination dynamics of oil drop observed were of slow spreading nature. It indicates good prognosis.
If there is kabam in urine, the spread of the instilled oil drop will be slow. As the spread of oil is limited, the oil forms a pearl like appearance which can be observed in Neikuri. So, the pearl formation can be predominantly presumed to be because of kapham in the urine. More concentrated the pearl formation, higher the kapham in urine.
The Neikuri pattern observed for members in green zone, yellow zone and red zone were coin shape, circular shape and pearl shape respectively. In other words, from the Neikuri pattern, the zone of BA can be identified.
From the above study it is clearly evident that there was no variation of neikkuri shapes observed on the three consecutive days.
This study the author conclude that the Neikuri in Manthaara kaasam can be a good diagnostic tool for differentiating the zones of Bronchial asthma.
This study may throw new lights to standardize the Neerkkuri and Neikkuri and provide a lead to carry out further researches by the upcoming generation
Lignoselluloosa- ja selluloosamateriaalien kehittyneet kuvantamismenetelmät
No full textAbstractLignocelluloses and their structural components are the most abundant biopolymeric materials. They are a renewable and biodegradable source for several applications (e.g., paper, packaging, and functional materials). Potential innovations related to lignocelluloses are foreseen both in the traditional product sectors such as packaging, hygiene, and tissue paper products, and multiple new areas, ranging from electronics to biomedicine. These innovations are based on novel forms of sustainable materials, such as nano- and microscale celluloses. For instance, nanocellulose films are tough, durable, and biodegradable. Their properties (e.g., mechanical strength and optical properties) can be altered when combined with functional fillers. Understanding the composition of lignocellulosic biomass and the structure of its different material designs is crucial for its efficient use. However, the material analysis of lignocelluloses is not straightforward; thus, easy-to-use analytical techniques are needed. Advanced imaging techniques offer appealing possibilities in lignocellulose analysis. This thesis aimed to investigate and understand various lignocellulose and cellulose materials, i.e., delignified wood fibers (thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers), tissue paper, and nanocellulose films, using advanced imaging techniques. The objective was to harness new techniques that can provide detailed information on the spatial distribution of material constituents and the structure and dynamics of physicochemical phenomena of materials derived from lignocelluloses. Fluorescence lifetime imaging tracked the delignification process based on a eutectic mixture and its effect on the TMP fiber characteristics, where it was found that cellulose poses fluorescent characteristics, and that lignin starts dissipating from the outer most layer of the fibers. The topography of tissue paper was tracked using noninvasive laser confocal microscopy, and measured the affect of the production on tissue paper’s softness. The morphology and chemical composition of hybrid nanocellulose films was measured in tandem using scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy. The structure correlated to the mechanical properties, showing that agglomeration affects the mechanical behavior of the hybrid films at a certain point. Finally, the color change of thermochromic nanocellulose films was studied using optical microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy, showing that the color change happens gradually in relation to temperature and humidity.Original papersOriginal papers are not included in the electronic version of the dissertation.Ismail, M. Y., Sirviö, J. A., Ronkainen, V.-P., Patanen, M., Karvonen, V., & Liimatainen, H. (2022). Wood fibers delignified with eutectic mixture of carvacrol and methanosulfonic acid – Analysis of structure and fractional distribution of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Manuscript in preparation.Ismail, M. Y., Patanen, M., Kauppinen, S., Kosonen, H., Ristolainen, M., Hall, S. A., & Liimatainen, H. (2020). Surface analysis of tissue paper using laser scanning confocal microscopy and micro-computed topography. Cellulose, 27, 8989–9003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03399-wSelf-archived versionIsmail, M. Y., Patanen, M., Sirviö, J. A., Visanko, M., Ohigashi, T., Kosugi, N., Huttula, M., & Liimatainen, H. (2019). Hybrid films of cellulose nanofibrils, chitosan and nanosilica—Structural, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 218, 87–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.065Self-archived versionKarzarjeddi, M., Ismail, M. Y., Sirviö, J. A., Wang, S., Mankinen, O., Telkki, V.-V., Patanen, M., Laitinen, O., & Liimatainen, H. (2022). Adjustable hydro-thermochromic green nanofoams and films obtained from shapable hybrids of cellulose nanofibrils and ionic liquids for smart packaging. Chemical Engineering Journal, 443, 136369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.136369Self-archived versionTiivistelmäBiomassat ja niiden johdannaiset, erityisesti selluloosa, ligniini ja hemiselluloosa (lignoselluloosat) ovat luonnon yleisimpiä biopolymeerejä, joita voidaan käyttää uusiutuvina ja biohajoavina raaka-aineina useissa sovelluksissa (esim. paperi-, ja pakkausmateriaaleissa ja funktionaalisissa kemikaaleissa). Fossiilisiin raaka-aineisiin liittyvien ympäristöongelmien vuoksi on tärkeää löytää uusiutuvia materiaaleja ja lisätä biopohjaisten vaihtoehtojen käyttöä. Lignoselluloosamateriaalien tutkimus ja niihin liittyvät innovaatiot ovat olennaisessa osassa ympäristön kannalta kestävien tuotteiden kehityksessä. Erilaiset kuvantamis- ja karakterisointimenetelmät ovat keskeisiä näiden materiaalien tutkimuksessa. Tässä väitöstyössä on keskitytty erityisesti kehittyneiden kuvantamismenetelmien soveltamiseen biomassapohjaisten lignoselluloosamateriaalien ja tuotteiden analysoinnissa. Työssä tutkittiin (ligno)selluloosamateriaalien, kuten puukuitujen (ns. TMP-kuiduttujen) delignifiointia uusilla vihreillä liuottimilla sekä pehmopaperituotteiden ja nanoselluloosakalvojen hienorakennetta ja kemiallisia ja fysikaalisia ominaisuuksia. Työn tulokset luovat perustaa biomassojen tutkimukselle kehittyneitä ja uudenaikaisia kuvantamistekniikoita käyttäen.OsajulkaisutOsajulkaisut eivät sisälly väitöskirjan elektroniseen versioon.Ismail, M. Y., Sirviö, J. A., Ronkainen, V.-P., Patanen, M., Karvonen, V., & Liimatainen, H. (2022). Wood fibers delignified with eutectic mixture of carvacrol and methanosulfonic acid – Analysis of structure and fractional distribution of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Manuscript in preparation.Ismail, M. Y., Patanen, M., Kauppinen, S., Kosonen, H., Ristolainen, M., Hall, S. A., & Liimatainen, H. (2020). Surface analysis of tissue paper using laser scanning confocal microscopy and micro-computed topography. Cellulose, 27, 8989–9003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03399-wRinnakkaistallennettu versioIsmail, M. Y., Patanen, M., Sirviö, J. A., Visanko, M., Ohigashi, T., Kosugi, N., Huttula, M., & Liimatainen, H. (2019). Hybrid films of cellulose nanofibrils, chitosan and nanosilica—Structural, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 218, 87–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.065Rinnakkaistallennettu versioKarzarjeddi, M., Ismail, M. Y., Sirviö, J. A., Wang, S., Mankinen, O., Telkki, V.-V., Patanen, M., Laitinen, O., & Liimatainen, H. (2022). Adjustable hydro-thermochromic green nanofoams and films obtained from shapable hybrids of cellulose nanofibrils and ionic liquids for smart packaging. Chemical Engineering Journal, 443, 136369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.136369Rinnakkaistallennettu versioAcademic dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Doctoral Programme Committee of Technology and Natural Sciences of the University of Oulu for public defence in the Arina auditorium (TA105), Linnanmaa, on 5 May 2023, at 12 noonAbstract
Lignocelluloses and their structural components are the most abundant biopolymeric materials. They are a renewable and biodegradable source for several applications (e.g., paper, packaging, and functional materials). Potential innovations related to lignocelluloses are foreseen both in the traditional product sectors such as packaging, hygiene, and tissue paper products, and multiple new areas, ranging from electronics to biomedicine. These innovations are based on novel forms of sustainable materials, such as nano- and microscale celluloses. For instance, nanocellulose films are tough, durable, and biodegradable. Their properties (e.g., mechanical strength and optical properties) can be altered when combined with functional fillers. Understanding the composition of lignocellulosic biomass and the structure of its different material designs is crucial for its efficient use. However, the material analysis of lignocelluloses is not straightforward; thus, easy-to-use analytical techniques are needed. Advanced imaging techniques offer appealing possibilities in lignocellulose analysis. This thesis aimed to investigate and understand various lignocellulose and cellulose materials, i.e., delignified wood fibers (thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers), tissue paper, and nanocellulose films, using advanced imaging techniques. The objective was to harness new techniques that can provide detailed information on the spatial distribution of material constituents and the structure and dynamics of physicochemical phenomena of materials derived from lignocelluloses. Fluorescence lifetime imaging tracked the delignification process based on a eutectic mixture and its effect on the TMP fiber characteristics, where it was found that cellulose poses fluorescent characteristics, and that lignin starts dissipating from the outer most layer of the fibers. The topography of tissue paper was tracked using noninvasive laser confocal microscopy, and measured the affect of the production on tissue paper’s softness. The morphology and chemical composition of hybrid nanocellulose films was measured in tandem using scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy. The structure correlated to the mechanical properties, showing that agglomeration affects the mechanical behavior of the hybrid films at a certain point. Finally, the color change of thermochromic nanocellulose films was studied using optical microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy, showing that the color change happens gradually in relation to temperature and humidity.Tiivistelmä
Biomassat ja niiden johdannaiset, erityisesti selluloosa, ligniini ja hemiselluloosa (lignoselluloosat) ovat luonnon yleisimpiä biopolymeerejä, joita voidaan käyttää uusiutuvina ja biohajoavina raaka-aineina useissa sovelluksissa (esim. paperi-, ja pakkausmateriaaleissa ja funktionaalisissa kemikaaleissa). Fossiilisiin raaka-aineisiin liittyvien ympäristöongelmien vuoksi on tärkeää löytää uusiutuvia materiaaleja ja lisätä biopohjaisten vaihtoehtojen käyttöä. Lignoselluloosamateriaalien tutkimus ja niihin liittyvät innovaatiot ovat olennaisessa osassa ympäristön kannalta kestävien tuotteiden kehityksessä. Erilaiset kuvantamis- ja karakterisointimenetelmät ovat keskeisiä näiden materiaalien tutkimuksessa. Tässä väitöstyössä on keskitytty erityisesti kehittyneiden kuvantamismenetelmien soveltamiseen biomassapohjaisten lignoselluloosamateriaalien ja tuotteiden analysoinnissa. Työssä tutkittiin (ligno)selluloosamateriaalien, kuten puukuitujen (ns. TMP-kuiduttujen) delignifiointia uusilla vihreillä liuottimilla sekä pehmopaperituotteiden ja nanoselluloosakalvojen hienorakennetta ja kemiallisia ja fysikaalisia ominaisuuksia. Työn tulokset luovat perustaa biomassojen tutkimukselle kehittyneitä ja uudenaikaisia kuvantamistekniikoita käyttäen
Recurrent Ameloblastoma: A Surgical Challenge
No full textAmeloblastoma is locally aggressive benign odontogenic tumour with increased risk of recurrence rate. The choice of treatment depends on the histologic subtype. Radical therapy is the recommended modality for solid ameloblastomas. The possibilities of recurrence even after enbloc resection are still high. The author presents two case reports of recurrent ameloblastomas postradical resection. First case describes the recurrence of ameloblastoma in the bone graft which was used for reconstruction, and the second case depicts recurrence in the infratemporal fossa. Intraoperative radiography of the frozen section of the soft tissue margin plays an important role in the holistic management of these lesions.</jats:p
Recurrent Ameloblastoma: A Surgical Challenge
No full textAmeloblastoma is locally aggressive benign odontogenic tumour with increased risk of recurrence rate. The choice of treatment depends on the histologic subtype. Radical therapy is the recommended modality for solid ameloblastomas. The possibilities of recurrence even after enbloc resection are still high. The author presents two case reports of recurrent ameloblastomas postradical resection. First case describes the recurrence of ameloblastoma in the bone graft which was used for reconstruction, and the second case depicts recurrence in the infratemporal fossa. Intraoperative radiography of the frozen section of the soft tissue margin plays an important role in the holistic management of these lesions
Elements of Magical Realism in the Odyssey of Protagonist in Chithra Bannerjee Divakaruni’s THE MISTRESS OF SPICES
No full textAbstract
This paper defines magical realism and traces its origin. It states how Chitralekha Banerjee Divakaruni has dexterously employed this literary device in her novel The Mistress of Spices. In Divakaruni’s novels, the opposites co-exist but instead of contradicting, they only complement one another. Her vivid and engaging style strongly supports the character development of the protagonists. The coexistence of magical fantasy and the characteristics of hybrid culture with postcolonial or postmodern novelistic devices in her novels and short stories has often led the author to define her writing approach as magical realism. Circumstances are never very easy in any of Divakaruni’s novels or short stories. Tilo plays many roles and keeps on changing her names to befit her roles. This universalizes the complex problem of identity crisis that the Indians try to cope up with, in a foreign land. She has been changing her name from NayanTara as a daughter to Bhagyavati during her stay with the pirates, then to Tilo, and finally Maya when she finds her love. The name Maya is very interesting to note since it means illusion. One can pause and ask whether Maya is real or another illusion created by the author to enhance the magical suspense in the novel or whether it is the newly found identity of Tilo. The name is noteworthy since the novel has magical elements. The name ?Maya? reinforces the theme. KEY WORDS: Magic realism, identity crisis, hybrid culture, metamorphosis
Piglet Immunization with a Spike Subunit Vaccine Enhances Disease by Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus
No full textImmunization with an insect cell lysate/baculovirus mixture containing recombinant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) spike protein induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies in both mice and piglets. However, immunization of piglets with this vaccine resulted in enhancement of disease symptoms and virus replication in vaccine recipients exposed to PEDV challenge. Thus, these observations demonstrate a previously unrecognized challenge of PEDV vaccine research, which has important implications for coronavirus vaccine development
Silver nitrate (AgNO3) as an alternative contrast agent for X-ray imaging of wheat tissue samples
No full textOne of the challenges in using X-ray computed tomography (CT) for plant imaging is lack of contrast in anatomical structures and tissues due to similar density. Iodine is the most commonly used contrast agent and studies on additional contrast agents are scarce. In the present study, we describe the successful application of silver nitrate (AgNO3) as a novel contrast agent in synchrotron-based CT of wheat. The lower K-edge of silver (25.514 keV) is more optimal for plant imaging than a high atomic number contrast agent, such as iodine (33.164 keV), for which the below- and above-edge images would have poorer absorption contrast (due to reduced ratio of absorption coefficients from plants). Particularly, this is applicable for studies at the BMIT-BM beamline at the Canadian Light Source due to the peak flux of the beamline being proximal to the K-edge of silver in comparison to iodine (leading to lower exposure time, and thus faster scan times and a better signal-to-noise ratio).The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Linalool decreases HepG2 viability by inhibiting mitochondrial complexes I and II, increasing reactive oxygen species and decreasing ATP and GSH levels
No full textCoriander is used as an appetizer, a common food seasoning in Mediterranean dishes, and a remedy for many ailments. In this study we tested the biochemical effect of its essential oil components, in particular linalool, its main component. The oil extract was prepared by hydro-distillation of coriander seeds. The various components were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy. The effect of the various oil components on the viability of different cell lines (HepG2, Caco2, NIH3t3, MCF7 and Hek293) was examined using MTT assay. Linalool was the most potent and HepG2 cells the most sensitive. A 50percent and 100percent decrease in the viability of HepG2 was obtained at 0.4 μM and 2 μM linalool, respectively. Whereas none of the other components exerted a significant effect at concentrations lower than 50 μM, myrcene and nerolidol, the structural analogues of linalool, were more potent at 100 μM than the other components decreasing HepG2 viability to 26percent. The biochemical effect of linalool on mitochondria isolated from HepG2 showed a concentration-dependent inhibition in complexes I and II activities of the respiratory chain, and a time-dependent decrease in ATP level. In addition, a time-dependent decrease in glutathione (GSH) level and in the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium was obtained, indicating increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Pretreatment with the antioxidants: N-acetyl cysteine (2 mM), Trolox (100 μM) and different flavonoids (50 μM) was partially protective against the linalool-induced cell death; the most effective response was that of rutin and apigenin which restored 91percent of HepG2 viability. We hereby report a decrease in cell viability of HepG2 cells by linalool and identify the mitochondria as one possible target for its site of action, inhibiting complexes I and II and decreasing ATP. In addition linalool increased ROS generation and decreased GSH level. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 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