1,720,959 research outputs found
Processus interculturels dans les zones frontalières exposées aux flux migratoires : malentendus culturels et urgence
No full textIn intercultural exchange, immaterial elements of culture (values, codes of behaviour, traditions and beliefs, etc.) give birth to major problems: they produce differences that are invisible but engender cultural misunderstandings. These usually arise through verbal expression, but they are often hidden in a glance, a silence, a simple gesture which, despite its ordinary appearance, may be the cause of a disturbing feeling for other persons. Cultural misunderstandings may have a tremendous impact on services dedicated to migrants' psychological and physical health. They add further obstacles to migrants' psychosocial conditions and they make the expression and understanding of their needs more difficult. This is dramatically true in border areas highly exposed to migration flows. An urgent intervention requires a rapid and clear identification of their problems. The unsafe conditions of their long journey and their first and distressing confrontation with diversity, as well as their mental bewilderment, or even anxiety and hostility, all are obstacles to an intercultural communication process. In such critical contexts, intercultural communication faces further challenges, as shown by the real case of a cultural misunderstanding with a young Nigerien migrant, in the small Italian island of Lampedusa in 2011. This case also gives the opportunity to introduce a wider and more integrated approach on how to manage migration crises. This approach aims at considering both migrants' psycho-physical conditions and their cultural elements rooted in their behaviors. They need to be acknowledged and addressed before reaching a deep mutual understanding and providing a suitable answer to their needs
Lampedusa, frontière de l’Europe
No full textFace à un flux croissant de migrants, la petite île italienne de Lampedusa a été dotée, au cours des années, d’un système complexe de gestion des frontières, se composant d’une multitude d’acteurs militaires et humanitaires. Leurs pratiques et leurs comportements ont fait l’objet d’une observation participante et ont été mis en relation avec les orientations principales dans la narration médiatique de l’immigration – souvent bâtie sur la médiatisation des débarquements à Lampedusa – ainsi que dans les mesures politiques. On a pu noter une certaine correspondance entre ces dimensions : d’un côté, entre la manière dont les migrants sont traités aux frontières et celle dont ils sont représentés par les médias ; de l’autre, entre le récit médiatique sur la migration et les principales politiques visant à sa gestion. Le migrant n’est pas seulement représenté, mais aussi traité selon une image stéréotypée.The small Italian island of Lampedusa has been equipped over the years with a sophisticated border management system, to face the growing flows of migrants reaching its coasts. As a result, a variety of security and humanitarian actors have been deployed to the island. Their practices have been observed through the method of the participating observation. They have also been analysed in light of the prevailing trends in the media narrative of immigration—often built on the mediatisation of migrant landings in Lampedusa—as well as in public policies. A correspondence between these dimensions has been detected; on the one hand, between how migrants are treated at borders and the way they are represented by the media; on the other hand, between the media narrative of immigration and the main migration policies. Migrants are therefore not only represented but also treated according to their stereotyped image
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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