1,720,995 research outputs found
Innovative Approaches to the Dynamic Behavior of Rockfall Protection Embankments
No full textL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Economic and Social Impacts of the Media
No full textIn this survey, we review the literature on the impact of exposure to the media. We cast a wide net and cover media impacts on education, family choices, labor and migration decisions, environmental choices, health, crime, public economics, attitudes, consumption and savings, and development economics. We stress five themes. First, the demand for entertainment plays a key role, with the economic impacts emerging largely as by-products. Second, to understand the media effects, one cannot just focus on the direct effect of exposure but one needs to take into account the crowding out of alternative activities (substitution effect). Third, the sources of identification play a critical role in determining what is known: credible estimates of short- and long-run effects are available for some topics and some media but not for others. Fourth, most of the evidence on social and economic impacts is for exposure to the entertainment media such as television, as opposed to the printed press. Fifth, for the policy impacts, both the substitution effect of media exposure and the demand for entertainment play important roles
Market-based lobbying: evidence from advertising spending in Italy
No full textWe analyze a novel lobbying channel: firms shifting spending toward a politician's business in the hope of securing favorable regulation. We examine the evolution of advertising spending in Italy during 1993-2009, a period in which Berlusconi was in power three separate times, while maintaining control of Italy's major private television network, Mediaset. We document a significant pro-Mediaset bias in the allocation of advertising during Berlusconi's political tenure, especially for companies in more regulated sectors. We estimate that Mediaset profits increased by one billion euros during this period and that regulated firms anticipated sizeable returns, stressing the economic importance of this channel
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Role of Delays in the Performance of Blasting
Full text linkWhen researching rock blasting, the design parameters typically used for analysis are the geometric and charging parameters. This study focuses on a different approach based on the effect of timing, specifically the role of delays in the initiation sequence. Data were obtained from the results of full-scale blasts. The experimental setting and location allowed us to consider all parameters, other than the number of delays, as constants. The experimental results were analyzed, relating the delay variables to the fragmentation and KPIs of downstream operations. It was found that increasing the number of delays per unit of blasted rock and reducing simultaneous adjacent holes produces finer fragmentation, reduces the amount of fines, facilitates secondary operations, and reduces the risk of flyrock
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Numerical Simulation of Rockfall Protection Embankments in Natural Soil
Full text linkRockfall events represent a significant hazard in mountainous regions, putting human
safety and critical infrastructure at risk. Various mitigation devices are available, among which,
Rockfall protection embankments (RPEs) located in natural soil are passive defense work suitable
for high-energy and high-frequency events. Currently, limited research has been conducted in
this area, with the Austrian standard ONR 24810 providing the sole codified design method. A
parametrical analysis involving both the RPE geometry and the impact features was developed by
Abaqus/Explicit FEM code, with 2270 cases overall. The research aims to identify conditions under
which RPEs effectively stop falling blocks, focusing on two failure mechanisms: the block pass over
the RPE after impacting the upstream side bank and the RPE structural collapse . Additionally, the
interaction between RPEs and their foundations during the impact is explored. The results provide
valuable insights into the dynamic behavior of these structures. In terms of design considerations,
this study offers analytical equations to quantify crater depth and foundation stress induced by the
impact. Furthermore, design charts are developed to assess the block passing over verification and
the structural collapse verification
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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