1,720,980 research outputs found
Raigrás, Lolium spp. Bases para su manejo en sistemas de producción.
No full textSi bien los primeros casos de resistencia de Lolium a glifosato se detectaron en el S-SO de la provincia de Buenos Aires, la presencia de poblaciones resistentes se ha verificado por lo menos en prácticamente toda la provincia, incluyendo sur de Santa Fe y Entre Ríos. En esta publicación se tratan aquellas caracteristicas de importancia agronómica para el manejo de ésta problemática maleza.Fil: Gigón, Ramón. No especifica;Fil: Vigna, Mario Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; ArgentinaFil: Yanniccari, Marcos Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Barrow; Argentin
Assessing the magnitude of impact of volcanic ash deposits on Merino wool production and fibre traits in the context of a drought in North-west Patagonia, Argentina
No full textEnvironmental variability is a key feature of arid and semiarid rangelands worldwide. Drought is one of the main sources of variation in most extensive livestock production systems in arid environments, with biophysical and socioeconomic implications. The effect of non-climatic disturbance factors, such as volcanic eruption and ash deposits, has been less documented in arid environments. The aim was to assess the magnitude of impact of volcanic ash deposits on Merino wool production and quality that took place in the context of a drought, by making a comparison along a gradient of ash deposition before and after a volcanic eruption. It was found that volcanic ash deposits in the context of a regional drought significantly affected Merino wool production and fibre quality traits in farms from North-western Patagonia, Argentina. The magnitude of the impacts differed among wool traits. It is argued that further research is needed on the impact of ash deposits on wool weights and quality, and that measures of livestock production should be included in environmental monitoring systems at regional and farm levelsEstación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Easdale, Marcos Horacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área Desarrollo Rural. Grupo de Sistemas de Producción y Territorios; ArgentinaFIl: Sacchero, Diego. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área Producción Animal. Laboratorio de Fibras Textiles de Origen Animal; ArgentinaFil: Vigna, Mario Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; ArgentinaFil: Willems, Priscila Mabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; Argentin
Argentinean National Plant Protection Network Website
Get PDFThe Argentinean National Plant Protection Network (RedNPV) was created in 2006 as a proposal of the National Plant Protection Program (PNPV), National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA). The National Plant Protection Network (RedNPV) main objective is to articulate national scientific-technological capabilities in Plant Protection.Inst. de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola IMyZAFil: Gasoni, Amelia Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola; ArgentinaFil: Haelterman, Raquel Mercedes. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Truol, Graciela Ana Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Frana, Jorge. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Vigna, Mario Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; ArgentinaFil: Ducasse, Daniel Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentin
Estado de la resistencia de poblaciones de Lolium en lotes de trigo y cebada del So de Buenos Aires, Argentina
No full textEn 115 poblaciones de Lolium (raigrs) de 10 partidos del SO de Buenos Aires se evalu la resistencia a herbicidas a partir de muestras cosechadas en diciembre de 2016. Las semillas se sembraron en macetas donde evaluaron cinco tratamientos herbicidas: 1) glifosato (inhibidor de la EPSPS) 1000 g e.a. ha-1, 2) pinoxaden (inhibidor de la ACCasa, fenilpirazolina, DEN) 40 g p.a. ha¹, 3) (iodosulfuron 12,5 g p.a. ha¹+mesosulfuron 1,95 g p.a. ha¹) + metsulfuron 3 g p.a. ha¹ (inhibidores de la ALS), 4) cletodim (inhibidor de la ACCasa, ciclohexanodionas, DIM) 192 g p.a. ha¹ y 5) haloxifop (inhibidor de la ACCasa ariloxifenoxipropionatos, FOP) 81 g p.a. ha¹. Los herbicidas se aplicaron sobre plantas de Lolium con 3-4 macollos. Se evalu el control visualmente y, nalmente, se efectu el conteo de plantas que sobrevivieron a los tratamientos en cada una de las macetas para calcular el porcentaje de plantas sobrevivientes. Se identicaron tres niveles: poblaciones susceptibles (sin sobrevivencia), poblaciones con resistencia en desarrollo (1 a 19% de sobrevivencia) y poblaciones resistentes (con 20% o ms de sobrevivencia). El 57 % de las poblaciones fueron resistentes a inhibidores de la EPSPS, 26,9 % a inhibidores de la ALS, y 39,7 %, 10,3 % y 8,9 % a inhibidores de la ACCasa DEN, FOP y DIM, respectivamente. El 4,5% de las poblaciones fueron resistentes a los 5 herbicidas, el 11 % fue susceptible a todos y el 28 % resistente a 2 o ms herbicidas. Se evidenci un incremento de resistencia mltiple, respecto a un relevamiento efectuado en 2013, con el fuerte crecimiento de resistencia al inhibidor de la ESPS y menor incremento para inhibidores de ALS y ACCasa DEN. El anlisis de componentes principales mostr relacin entre la sobrevivencia a inhibidores de la ACCasa FOP y DIM (resistencia cruzada) e inhibidores de ALS y ACCasa DEN (resistencia mltiple), y en menor medida, con los casos de sobrevivencia a inhibidores de la EPSPS. Lo registrado en este relevamiento refuerza la idea de que el manejo de la resistencia basado solamente en cambiar sitios de accin de herbicidas en aplicaciones selectivas en cultivos de trigo y cebada es insucienteHerbicide resistance was evaluated in 115 populations of Lolium (ryegrass) in 10 districts of the SW of Buenos Aires from samples harvested in December 2016. The seeds were sown in rectangular pots, achieving between 17 and 35 plants per pot. They remained outside and sheltered fromthewinds. Five herbicide treatments were evaluated: 1) glyphosate (EPSPS inhibitor) 1000 g i.a. ha-1, 2) pinoxaden (ACCase inhibitor, phenylpyrazoline, DEN) 40 g i.a. ha¹, 3) (iodosulfuron 12.5 g i.a. ha¹ + mesosulfuron 1.95 g i.a. ha¹) + metsulfuron 3 g i.a. ha¹ (ALS inhibitors), 4) clethodim (ACCase inhibitor, cyclohexanediones, DIM) 192 g i.a. ha¹ and 5) haloxyfop (aryloxyphenoxypropionates ACCase inhibitor, FOP) 81 g i.a. ha¹. Herbicides were applied on Lolium plants in 3-4 previously counted tillers. Visual control evaluations were made and nally the plants that survived the treatments were counted in each of the pots to calculate the percentage of surviving plants. Three levels were identied: susceptible populations (without survival), developing resistance (1 to 19% survival) and resistant (with 20% or more survival). The 57% of the populations were resistant to EPSPS inhibitors and 26.9, 39.7, 10.3 and 8.9% to ALS inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors DEN, FOP and DIM, respectively. The 4.5% of the populations were resistant to the 5 herbicides, 11% were susceptible to all and 28% resistant to 2 or more herbicides. An increase in multiple resistance was evidenced, with respect to a survey carried out in 2013, with the strong growth of resistance to ESPS and a lower increase for ALS and ACCase DEN. Principal component analysis showed a relation between survival to inhibitors of the ACCase FOP and DIM (cross resistance) and ALS and ACCase DEN (multiple resistance), and in a lesser extent with the cases of survival to EPSPS inhibitors. These results rearm the idea that resistance management based solely on changing sites of herbicide action in selective applications in wheat and barley crops is insucient.Fil: Vigna, Mario Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; ArgentinaFil: Carretto Nocolo, Luis Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; Argentin
Manejo de malezas en los sistemas agriculturizados
Get PDFCada sistema tiene sus problemas y en función de ello hay que trabajarlos y sobre todo estudiarlos, teniendo en cuenta siempre el contexto que se producen. En nuestro país y el resto de América, el problema de las malezas tolerantes y resistentes se está expandiendo en prácticamente todas las regiones donde se hace agricultura más o menos intensiva, aunque cambian las especies y los contextos.EEA BordenaveFil: Vigna, Mario Raúl. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; Argentin
Efecto de diferentes densidades de siembra de trigo sobre la interferencia de Avena fatua L. en diferentes sistemas de siembra
Get PDFEl objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de dos sistemas de siembra y tres densidades de siembra de trigo (150, 300 y 400 semillas útiles m-²) sobre la competitividad de la maleza y el rendimiento del cultivo durante los años 1989,1990 y 1991. El incremento de la densidad del cultivo redujo la biomasa de la maleza y actuó positivamente sobre el rendimiento y los parámetros evaluados del cultivo. Con infestaciones moderadas a altas se logró reducir la biomasa de Avena fatua hasta un 63%. La aplicación de un herbicida selectivo no aumentó significativamente el rendimiento cuando se empleó en interacción con las dos densidades más altas, aunque
la reducción de la biomasa A. fatua al final del cultivo fue mayor de 99%. Se discute la relevancia de estas experiencias para gestionar el manejo cultural de la maleza en el contexto actual considerando la dinámica de emergencia de A. fatua, sistema de siembra, densidades límite del cultivo, precipitaciones y sus interacciones.The effect of two sowing systems and three plant densities of wheat (150, 300 and 400 seeds m-2) were evaluated on Avena fatua competitiveness and crop yields during the years 1989,1990 and 1991. The increased density of the crop reduced the biomass of the weed and acted positively on the yield and evaluated parameters of the crop. Faced with the moderate to high infestations registered, the biomass of Avena fatua was reduced by up to 63%. The application of a selective herbicide did not significantly increase the yield when used with the two highest densities, although the reduction in A. fatua biomass at the end of the crop was greater than 99%. The relevance of these experiences to manage the cultural management of the weed in the current context is discussed, considering the emergency dynamics of A. fatua, sowing system, limit crop densities, rainfall and their interactions.EEA BordenaveFil: Vigna, Mario Raúl. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; Argentin
A Simulation Model as the Core for Integrated Weed Management Decision Support Systems: The Case of Avena fatua-Winter Wheat in the Semiarid Pampean Region of Argentina
No full textThis chapter describes a mathematical simulation model for the multiannual assessment of Integrated Weed Management (IWM) strategies. The model allows to simulate the competitive interaction between an annual weed species and a grain crop. From the weed’s side, the following processes are represented: (1) demographic dynamics on a daily basis considering the numeric composition of the different phenological states, (2) intra- and interspecific competition, (3) seed production and (4) the effect of different control methods. Regarding the crop, the following variables are computed: (1) leaf area index (LAI), (2) competition on the weed and (3) expected yield as a function of weed competition. The model was developed on Microsoft Excel® with Visual Basic complements. Results are provided for the wild oat (Avena fatua)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) system, a typical system of the south-west area of the semiarid Pampean region of Argentina. The model was calibrated and validated with experimental data collected along 4 years. Several multi-year scenarios were generated to evaluate the effect of different IWM strategies against common herbicide-based practices. Finally, possible improvements to the model and some guidelines towards the development of a long-term DSS for weed management are provided.Fil: Molinari, Franco Ariel. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Blanco, Anibal Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Vigna, Mario Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; ArgentinaFil: Chantre Balacca, Guillermo Ruben. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Agronomía; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Changes in Weed Communities of Spring Wheat Crops of Buenos Aires Province of Argentina
Get PDFDuring 2004 to 2008, weed surveys were conducted in 373 wheat fields of two different cropped areas (southwest [SW] and southeast [SE]) of the southern region of Buenos Aires Province of Argentina where different weed communities were expected because of changes in cropping practices over time, including tillage, crop sequence, fertilizers, and herbicides applied. Weed communities differed between regions, with greater numbers of native species for the SW. Weed community diversity was also greater for the SW region, probably due to the more diverse land use that resulted in greater landscape heterogeneity. Rush skeletonweed, sand rocket, yellow starthistle and turnipseed occurred at higher constancy (proportion of fields in which a given species is present) in the SW region, whereas common chickweed, false bishop's weed, corn speedwell, and common lambsquarters were present more frequently in the SE region. Compared with the 1982 survey, constancy of weeds increased, but those species with high constancy in 1982 were also with high constancy in the recent surveys. Diversity (species richness) was greater in conventional than in a no-tillage system. The constancy of Italian ryegrass, sand rocket, and yellow starthistle was lower under no-till than conventional tillage. Surveys allow identification of changes in weed community related to different agricultural systems. Rotation of crops and livestock avoid the homogenization of the environment at the landscape level. Management strategies will be necessary to prevent the increase of weeds populations' size, preserving plant diversity and the properties of the agroecosystem.Fil: Scursoni, Julio Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Gigón, Ramón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; ArgentinaFil: Martin, Andrés Nelson. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vigna, Mario Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; ArgentinaFil: Leguizamon, Eduardo Sixto. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Istilart, Carolina María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Barrow; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lopez, Ricardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bordenave; Argentin
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