1,720,973 research outputs found
BEARS (both ears) - virtual reality training to improve binaural hearing in children
No full textBackground and aims: although people with bilateral cochlear implants typically have better sound localisation and speech-in-noise perception than those with one implant, these skills are far below people with normal hearing. There is evidence to show that computer-based training improves speech-in-noise perception for people with bilateral cochlear implants. We used participatory design to develop virtual reality (VR) games to help children and young people with bilateral cochlear implants hear better in noise. The stakeholders involved were children and young people using bilateral implants, family and friends, teachers, engineers and developers, speech and language therapists, music therapists, and audiologists. Method: we are running an eleven-centre trial of the games for children aged 8 to 16. The games involve speech-in-noise perception, music listening, and sound-source localisation. Recruitment target is 384. Participants are randomised to either use the VR games at home for 3 months or follow their usual care pathway. Results: the primary outcome measure is the difference between baseline and 3 month score on the spatial speech in noise (SSiN-VA) test, with secondary outcomes of scores at three and 12 months on other measures of spatial hearing, language, and quality of life. We are also assessing health economic outcomes. Recruitment began in May 2023 and continues until September 2024; we will present early results.Conclusion: if using the BEARS games significantly improves spatial hearing and/or quality of life in children and young people with cochlear implants, we will be scaling up the intervention across all UK centres offering bilateral cochlear implants to children
Conversion of scores between Bamford, Kowal and Bench (BKB) sentences and Arthur Boothroyd (AB) words in quiet for cochlear implant patients
No full textThis paper describes the relationship between the scores obtained in the Bamford, Kowal and Bench (BKB) sentence test and the Arthur Boothroyd (AB) word test in quiet for a group of 71 cochlear implant users. Each subject was tested at the same appointment and in the same environment during routine clinical appointments at the South of England Cochlear Implant Centre.
Using rationalised arcsine transformation and a linear regression calculation, conversion tables were produced from BKB to AB and from AB to BKB scores. The relationship between scores obtained from the two tests was highly significant.
These conversion tables may be of use in cochlear implant centres and by audiology clinic
Virtual reality games for spatial hearing training in children and young people with bilateral cochlear implants: the BEARS (both ears) approach
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Spatial hearing training for young bilateral cochlear implant users: the BEARS approach
No full textBackground: Although sound localization and speech-in-noise perception are better for people with bilateral Cochlear Implants (CIs) compared to those with a unilateral implant, these skills remain far below those of normally-hearing children (Sarant et al., 2014; Sparreboom et al., 2015). A large body of research demonstrates that sound localisation can improve with training, underpinned by plasticity-driven changes in the auditory pathways for children and adults (Firszt et al., 2015; Yu et al., 2018). The use of audio-visual stimuli helps with task familiarisation, and the gamification approach contributes to improving engagement and attainment, which is crucial for children and teenagers. However, there is currently a lack of engaging, remote, multimodal training programmes for young people with bilateral CIs.The BEARS approach: The BEARS project (NIHR201608) was established: (1) To develop the Both Ears (BEARS) training package, a set of virtual-reality games to train spatial hearing in young people with bilateral CIs through a series of PPIE workshops. (2) To develop the outcome measures needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the BEARS training package. (3) To conduct a large-scale confirmatory clinical trial to assess whether BEARS substantially improves hearing with two implants. (4) To understand the learning mechanism and process evaluation.Results and conclusions: Over the last 2 years, the outcome measures and intervention have been developed and the clinical trial launched in June 2023. Here, we summarise the BEARS logic model, approach and next steps.Funding: Supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR, grant number NIHR201608). MSC was supported by a travel bursary from Oticon Medical.References:Firszt J.B., Reeder R.M., Dwyer N.Y., Burton H., Holden L.K. (2015) Localization training results in individuals with unilateral severe to profound hearing loss. Hearing Research 319: 48–55. doi:10.1016/j.heares.2014.11.005.Sarant J., Harris D., Bennet L., Bant S. (2014). Bilateral versus unilateral cochlear implants in children: A study of spoken language outcomes. Ear Hear. 35(4):396–409.Sparreboom M.A., Langereis M.C., Snik F.M., Mylanus A.M. (2015). Long-term outcomes on spatial hearing, speech recognition and receptive vocabulary after sequential bilateral cochlear implantation in children. Research in Developm Disabil. 36:328–337.Yu F., Li H., Zhou X., Tang X., Galvin J. J. III, Fu Q. J., Yuan W. (2018) Effects of training on lateralization for simulations of cochlear implants and single-sided deafness. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 12: 287, doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00287
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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