1,721,363 research outputs found
The co-operative as institution for human development: The case study of COPPALJ, a primary co-operative in Brazil
No full textWhat is the added value of co-operatives in a people-centred development setting? Applying the human development and capability approach to co-operatives in a case study in Brazil, this article investigates the impact of co-operative membership on member agency and well-being as well as on community development. It uses both participatory and econometric methods to understand the real contribution that co-operatives, as people-centred participatory enterprises, can bring to human development and poverty reduction. The article aims to contribute evidence on how co-operatives work for the poor and identifies the crucial role of policy-makers in creating the appropriate environment for co-operative development. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
To Be or Not to Be a Member of a Primary Co-operative in Brazil: Any Difference in Household Decision-Making and Gender Equality?
No full textThe paper investigates the effect of co-operative membership on people's capability to participate in household decision-making and on domestic gender relations. Our hypothesis is that the democratisation process activated in genuine co-operatives, authentic member-owned forms of business, may then be transferred to the household. We tested this in the "Coppalj" co-operative in Brazil, where we collected primary data. Both the techniques employed, regression and propensity score matching, support our hypotheses in a number of life domains. Though results vary slightly according to the domain and the outcome indicator, they show that members of the co-operative have a statistically significant higher capability to participate in decision-making and to share their decisions with partners than non-members (the control group). We then triangulated these quantitative outcomes with qualitative ones: the latter confirm an improvement in gender relations between co-operators and their partners, highlighting the fundamental role of Coppalj in fostering gender equality. © 2014 Oxford Department of International Development
Humour et ironie dans les mèmes politiques : étude contrastive français/italien
No full textThis essay aims at studying some French and Italian political Internet memes in
order to observe the use of irony and humor in the construction of a polemical
discourse against political authorities in France and in Italy. We will first identify
“meme” as a technodiscursive genre or, more precisely, as ‘technographism’
(Paveau 2017). Then, we will present the corpus, its size as well as the criteria
which governed its construction following an inductive approach which aims
to inform theoretical reflection from empirical data. It is only after emphasizing
the link between ironic and humorous aims that we will present the qualitative
analysis of the corpus, before moving on to the conclusions
Choix et problèmes de traduction du livre Prédiscours. Sens, mémoire, cognition de Marie-Anne Paveau
No full textL’article présente des réflexions sur la traduction de l’ouvrage Prédiscours. Sens,
mémoire, cognition de Marie-Anne Paveau en italien. Dans un premier temps, nous
situerons la notion de prédiscours proposée par l’auteure dans la tradition de l'analyse
du discours française, afin de mettre en évidence les apports théoriques qu’elle
représente et l’importance de son intégration dans le panorama de la linguistique
italienne, en particulier de la pragmatique. Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous
concentrerons sur certains choix de traduction afin de montrer plus en détail comment
cette notion peut être mise en œuvre dans le domaine de la pragmatique telle qu’elle
s’est développée en Italie, où la question de l’articulation entre connaissances partagées
et préalables à la formulation en discours, construction du sens et matérialité
linguistique n’a pas encore été pleinement prise en compte, malgré le rôle important
reconnu à l'intersubjectivité en pragmatique et aussi en sémiotique, à travers la notiond’« Encyclopédie » d’Eco
Short-term memory deficits are not uniform in Down and Williams syndromes
No full textNeuropsychological investigation of the development of the mnesic function in mental retardation has primarily focused on evaluating short-term memory (STM). Studies have often documented a reduced verbal short-term memory span in individuals with mental retardation and with Down syndrome in particular, compared to groups of mental age-matched controls. However, recent evidence suggests that verbal short-term memory is not equally impaired in all individuals with mental retardation. Findings in children with Williams syndrome are particularly relevant in this regard. Also, data concerning STM for visual information suggest that visual-object and visual-spatial working memory may be differently compromised in people with mental retardation. In particular, individuals with Williams syndrome exhibit specific difficulties in visual-spatial but not in visual-object working memory tasks compared to typically-developing children matched for mental age. Instead, people with Down syndrome show reduced performance in both visual-spatial and visual-object tests. Taken together, these results reinforce the view that intellectual disability is not a unitary condition characterized by homogeneous slowness of cognitive development but a variety of conditions in which some cognitive functions may be more disrupted than others. The finding that the working memory deficit in individuals with Williams and Down syndrome may be qualitatively differentiated also supports the hypothesis that it is not simply a manifestation of general cognitive impairment but, rather, the expression of a specific deficit of a discrete cognitive ability
[Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome: a review]
No full textIn the last few years a number of studies highlighted striking similarities between Alzheimer's Disease and Down's Syndrome. More specifically, neurochemical, pathologic, genetic and clinical features of the Alzheimer's Disease were described also in the Down's Syndrome, but with some particular differences. The most significant literature reports investigating these aspects are reviewed
A longitudinal study of the teacch program in different settings: The potential benefits of low intensity intervention in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder
No full textWe conducted a longitudinal study of 30 preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) to evaluate the potential benefits of the Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH). Fifteen children following a low intensity TEACCH program were assessed four times for autism severity, adaptive functioning, language skills, maladaptive behaviors and parental stress and compared with a control group of 15 children following a non-specific approach. Findings suggest that a low intensity home and school TEACCH program may provide benefits for children with ASD by reducing autistic symptoms and maladaptive behaviors. Furthermore, a decrease in parental stress indicates that parents' involvement in the rehabilitation program is a crucial factor and contributes greatly to treatment efficacy. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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