1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dynamique de la construction de la perception auditive consciente : Aspects électrophysiologiques et corrélats informationnels neuronaux
No full textIn some operational situations in aeronautics, a pilot may not perceive an audible alarm even though it is well above the detection threshold, thus creating a significant risk for the safety of air operations. Detecting an auditory target of interest is a phenomenon of conscious auditory perception, based on an analysis of the auditory scene. Currently, a major challenge is to be able to assist in the diagnosis and prediction of the conscious access and its construction dynamics by means of physiological markers. In order to provide neurofeedbacks to pilots in future neurocockpits, it is necessary to characterize perception at behavioral and electrophysiological levels. The objective of this thesis was therefore to study the relevance of some indicators of brain activity properties in the characterization of conscious auditory perception. This work sought to characterize the dynamics of the construction of conscious auditory perception through behavioral, electrophysiological and macroscopic neural informational correlates. To achieve this, we studied auditory perceptual awareness in healthy adult humans based on experimental psychology and electroencephalography experiments in an informational masking situation. We conducted two experimental studies, one behavioral and the other electrophysiological. The first study allowed us to show that it is possible: i) to study the influence of stimulus factors on the construction of perceptual awareness dynamics in informational masking specifically using time-to-event data analysis models (or survival data models); and ii) to use specific combinations of auditory stimulus factors to "tune" these dynamics and allow the examination of underlying cognitive and neural processes. Using these combinations, the second study allowed us to show: (i) a reproduction of the neural correlates of event-related potentials from the literature of conscious auditory perception in informational masking; and that, conscious auditory perception leads to (ii) a modification of the information content and complexity of the neural signal; (iii) a modification of information transmission patterns within brain networks with notably the presence of a posterior parietal informational center to which information is directed and finally (iv) an increase in information integration within auditory cortices. Several indicators resulting from this work could be used to characterize the conscious access of an auditory target and thus bring solutions to the problem of the absence of perception of the sound alarm by a pilot.Dans le cadre de situations opérationnelles en aéronautique, un pilote peut ne pas percevoir une alarme sonore pourtant bien au-dessus du seuil de détection, engendrant ainsi un risque important pour la sécurité des opérations aériennes. Détecter une cible auditive d’intérêt représente un phénomène de perception auditive consciente, basé sur une analyse de la scène auditive. Actuellement, un défi majeur consiste à pouvoir aider au diagnostic et à la prédiction de l’accès conscient et à la dynamique de sa construction au moyen de marqueurs physiologiques. En vue de fournir des neurofeedbacks aux pilotes dans les futurs neuro-cockpits, il est nécessaire de caractériser la perception à des niveaux comportementaux et électrophysiologiques. L’objectif de cette thèse a donc été d’étudier la pertinence de certains indicateurs des propriétés de l’activité cérébrale dans la caractérisation de la perception auditive consciente. Ce travail a cherché à caractériser la dynamique de la construction de la perception auditive consciente à travers des aspects comportementaux, électrophysiologiques et des corrélats informationnels neuronaux macroscopiques. Pour y parvenir, nous avons étudié la conscience perceptive auditive chez l’être humain adulte sain sur la base d’expérimentations de psychologie expérimentale et d’électroencéphalographie dans une situation de masquage informationnel. Nous avons réalisé deux études expérimentales, l’une comportementale et l’autre électrophysiologique. La première étude nous a permis de montrer qu’il est possible : i) d’étudier l’influence de facteurs du stimulus sur la construction de la dynamique de la conscience perceptive dans le masquage informationnel spécifiquement à l’aide de modèles d’analyse de données de temps à l’évènement (ou modèles de données de survie) ; et ii) d’utiliser des combinaisons spécifiques de facteurs du stimulus auditif afin de « régler » cette dynamique et de permettre l’examen des processus cognitifs et neuronaux sous-jacents. En utilisant ces combinaisons, la seconde étude nous a permis de montrer : i) une reproduction des corrélats neuronaux de potentiels liés à l’évènement issus de la littérature de la perception auditive consciente dans le masquage informationnel ; et que, la perception auditive consciente entraîne ii) une modification du contenu en information et en complexité du signal neuronal ; iii) une modification des patterns de transmission de l’information au sein de réseaux cérébraux avec notamment la présence d’un centre informationnel pariétal postérieur vers lequel se dirige de l’information et enfin iv) une hausse de l’intégration de l’information au sein des cortex auditifs. Plusieurs indicateurs issus de ce travail pourront être utilisés pour caractériser l’accès conscient d’une cible auditive et ainsi apporter des solutions au problème de l’absence de perception de l’alarme sonore par un pilote
Dynamique de la construction de la perception auditive consciente : Aspects électrophysiologiques et corrélats informationnels neuronaux
No full textIn some operational situations in aeronautics, a pilot may not perceive an audible alarm even though it is well above the detection threshold, thus creating a significant risk for the safety of air operations. Detecting an auditory target of interest is a phenomenon of conscious auditory perception, based on an analysis of the auditory scene. Currently, a major challenge is to be able to assist in the diagnosis and prediction of the conscious access and its construction dynamics by means of physiological markers. In order to provide neurofeedbacks to pilots in future neurocockpits, it is necessary to characterize perception at behavioral and electrophysiological levels. The objective of this thesis was therefore to study the relevance of some indicators of brain activity properties in the characterization of conscious auditory perception. This work sought to characterize the dynamics of the construction of conscious auditory perception through behavioral, electrophysiological and macroscopic neural informational correlates. To achieve this, we studied auditory perceptual awareness in healthy adult humans based on experimental psychology and electroencephalography experiments in an informational masking situation. We conducted two experimental studies, one behavioral and the other electrophysiological. The first study allowed us to show that it is possible: i) to study the influence of stimulus factors on the construction of perceptual awareness dynamics in informational masking specifically using time-to-event data analysis models (or survival data models); and ii) to use specific combinations of auditory stimulus factors to "tune" these dynamics and allow the examination of underlying cognitive and neural processes. Using these combinations, the second study allowed us to show: (i) a reproduction of the neural correlates of event-related potentials from the literature of conscious auditory perception in informational masking; and that, conscious auditory perception leads to (ii) a modification of the information content and complexity of the neural signal; (iii) a modification of information transmission patterns within brain networks with notably the presence of a posterior parietal informational center to which information is directed and finally (iv) an increase in information integration within auditory cortices. Several indicators resulting from this work could be used to characterize the conscious access of an auditory target and thus bring solutions to the problem of the absence of perception of the sound alarm by a pilot.Dans le cadre de situations opérationnelles en aéronautique, un pilote peut ne pas percevoir une alarme sonore pourtant bien au-dessus du seuil de détection, engendrant ainsi un risque important pour la sécurité des opérations aériennes. Détecter une cible auditive d’intérêt représente un phénomène de perception auditive consciente, basé sur une analyse de la scène auditive. Actuellement, un défi majeur consiste à pouvoir aider au diagnostic et à la prédiction de l’accès conscient et à la dynamique de sa construction au moyen de marqueurs physiologiques. En vue de fournir des neurofeedbacks aux pilotes dans les futurs neuro-cockpits, il est nécessaire de caractériser la perception à des niveaux comportementaux et électrophysiologiques. L’objectif de cette thèse a donc été d’étudier la pertinence de certains indicateurs des propriétés de l’activité cérébrale dans la caractérisation de la perception auditive consciente. Ce travail a cherché à caractériser la dynamique de la construction de la perception auditive consciente à travers des aspects comportementaux, électrophysiologiques et des corrélats informationnels neuronaux macroscopiques. Pour y parvenir, nous avons étudié la conscience perceptive auditive chez l’être humain adulte sain sur la base d’expérimentations de psychologie expérimentale et d’électroencéphalographie dans une situation de masquage informationnel. Nous avons réalisé deux études expérimentales, l’une comportementale et l’autre électrophysiologique. La première étude nous a permis de montrer qu’il est possible : i) d’étudier l’influence de facteurs du stimulus sur la construction de la dynamique de la conscience perceptive dans le masquage informationnel spécifiquement à l’aide de modèles d’analyse de données de temps à l’évènement (ou modèles de données de survie) ; et ii) d’utiliser des combinaisons spécifiques de facteurs du stimulus auditif afin de « régler » cette dynamique et de permettre l’examen des processus cognitifs et neuronaux sous-jacents. En utilisant ces combinaisons, la seconde étude nous a permis de montrer : i) une reproduction des corrélats neuronaux de potentiels liés à l’évènement issus de la littérature de la perception auditive consciente dans le masquage informationnel ; et que, la perception auditive consciente entraîne ii) une modification du contenu en information et en complexité du signal neuronal ; iii) une modification des patterns de transmission de l’information au sein de réseaux cérébraux avec notamment la présence d’un centre informationnel pariétal postérieur vers lequel se dirige de l’information et enfin iv) une hausse de l’intégration de l’information au sein des cortex auditifs. Plusieurs indicateurs issus de ce travail pourront être utilisés pour caractériser l’accès conscient d’une cible auditive et ainsi apporter des solutions au problème de l’absence de perception de l’alarme sonore par un pilote
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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