1,721,046 research outputs found
Risicofactoren van geweld bij stalking.
Full text linkRisicofactoren van geweld bij stalkingstatus: Publishe
Analizing crime in Europe: a conceptual and operational approach to the notions of 'safety, fear of crime, security...'.
Full text linkstatus: Publishe
Een dyadische analyse van de rol van voorkeursdisconfirmatie in de verklaring van partnergeweld.
No full textA dyadic analysis of the role of preference disconfirmation in the explanation of intimate partner violence
Intimate partner violence is a pervasive, societal problem. Many studies have tried to explain intimate partner violence through various risk factors. These studies have predominantly focused on individual risk factors that are rdquo; for one of the partners (often the perpetrator). Lately, attention has also shifted toward more contextual risk factors, such as factors that refer to the relationship as such. However, most of these studies only collect data from one partner, thus ignoring the truly relational or ‘dyadic’ context in which IPV is embedded. Behavior within a couple is a process of interaction between both partners, each with its influence on the other partner. This interdependency between partners is rarely taken into account in IPV-research, although it is an inherent aspect of intimate relationships.
The aim in this dissertation was to explore possible relational risk factors for IPV perpetration from a dyadic perspective. More specifically, the possible influence of ‘the preference disconfirmation hypothesis’ was investigated. This hypothesis predicts negative outcomes when either a difference between the preference and perceived reality (preference discrepancy), or a difference between the preferences of both partners (preference incongruence), is observed. One hypothesis is that preference disconfirmation has a direct effect on IPV perpetration. However, preference disconfirmation has never been explored as a possible risk factor for IPV before. Most often, the negative outcome of preference disconfirmation was operationalized in previous research as (relationship) dissatisfaction. Since relationship dissatisfaction is known to be a rather stable risk factor for IPV, a mediated effect of preference disconfirmation on IPV via relationship satisfaction is therefore also hypothesized.
Two studies were conducted. For the first study, couple data from 78 romantically involved couples was collected. This study provided preliminary evidence that preference discrepancy had a significant total effect on IPV perpetration. A second study was then set up, with couple data from 178 romantically involved couples. In this study, the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was used to explore both actor effects (i.e., intrapersonal effects) as well as partner effects (i.e., interpersonal effects). Models were estimated via structural equation modeling, using AMOS. In general, results showed an effect of both preference discrepancy and preference incongruence on psychological and physical IPV, mediated via relationship satisfaction. A person’s preference discrepancy not only influenced that person’s own satisfaction, but also his/her partner’s satisfaction. A couple’s preference incongruence predicted both male and female relational satisfaction, but this association was stronger for men. In turn a person’s relationship satisfaction only predicted that person’s own perpetration of IPV. Besides indirect effects, a direct actor effect of male preference discrepancy on male psychological IPV perpetration was also found.nbsp;highlight the possible important role of preference disconfirmation in explaining relationship dynamics that precede relationship satisfaction and IPV. Furthermore, this study advocated dyadic research in criminology, as it raises the level of understanding of many inherently dyadic phenomena to a higher level.nbsp;status: Publishe
Youth justice models in theory and practice. An empirical research on the discourse and practice of Belgian youth court judges
No full textThis PhD project starts from different theoretical models dealing with youth justice (welfare, justice, sanction, restorative, risk-management model). The central research question is: To what extent elements of these models can be found in the day-to-day practice of Belgian youth court judges?. In other words, can the daily practice of Belgian youth court justice be described in terms of one or more model(s)? What is their practical relevance?
The central research question consists of four specific research questions: (1) Which are the different theoretical youth justice models? What are their key characteristics?; (2) On which model(s) the current Belgian legislation is based on?; (3) By whichmodel(s) the daily practice of youth court judges is characterized?; (4) Is one model more dominant or are there differences in relation to thecase, the judge and/or the context?
These questions are answered by a literature review, an in-depth study of the legal framework, as well as an empirical research. In four judicial districts two either in the Flemish and French speaking part of Belgium judges areobserved and interviewed about their decision-making process in real cases (80 cases in total). For each case, we examine the file, we observe the court room hearing, we interview the judge about the case and his/her decision and finally, we analyse the (written) judgement. In addition,each judge is invited to a more general interview relating to, among others, characteristics of the judge (background, previous function, role perception, etc.) and context factors (culture at the youth court, formal / informal cooperation with others, perceived role of other parties involved, time pressure, case load, etc.). We are primarily using qualitative research methods that allow us to gain an insight into the views of youth court judges. The central focus is on the judge, as an actor, without however losing sight of the wider (structural, cultural) context in which the judge operates and which also has an impact.status: Publishe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
