44 research outputs found
'Civil society en de Europese burger: maatschappelijk verschijnsel of politiek instrument?'
No full textMinority Protection in the European Union: From Economic Rights to the Protection of European Values
No full textMinority protection did not receive attention in the original EC treaty of 1956. The concept of nondiscrimination of laborers and later of EU citizens became the cornerstone for minority protection. Gradually the EU became familiar with the concept of human rights because of judgments of the European Court of Justice (ECJ). This concept has officially been introduced in the 2009 Lisbon Treaty, which includes the rights of persons belonging to minorities and has been elaborated in Article 21 of the EU Charter of Human Rights. If the Charter is not applicable, minorities have to address national legal instances where there is no say for the EU regarding minorities. In this paper, I will demonstrate that the complex European legal system is not easy to understand in terms of protection of minorities. Recently, the ECJ has decided in the CHEZ versus Nikolova case that it can empower lower national courts against measures of systematic discrimination against minorities based on EU equality directives and Article 21 of the Charter. This verdict together with the EU Commission‘s intention to give the Charter a broad practical legal context shown in the working areas of the Fundamental Rights Agency, should ensure national minorities that European institutions pay really attention to their problems.Keywords: minority policy, minority protection, EU Charter of Human Rights, EU equality law, Fundamental Rights Agenc
De Persche zaak
No full textMarkante uitspraak van het Europees Hof van Justitie over het verbod van discriminatie ten aanzien van belastingfaciliteiten voor schenkingen aan algemeen nut organisaties die zich in andere EU lidstaten bevinden
Naar een verbeterde vorm van toezicht op de stichting voor het goede doel? Het wettelijke kader voor de bescherming van het doelvermogen
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Civil society under the Treaty of Lisbon: relationship between national public benefit organizations and European Union policy?
No full textThe active involvement of European citizens became a new form of democracy in the Treaty of Lisbon of 2009 by the introduction of a whole new chapter dedicated to this purpose. There is an article that obligates the Commission to give serious consideration to the demands of one million citizens from a significant number of Member States. The treaty also provides for a better role of NGOs such as foundations and associations. However, there are uncertainties concerning the definition and the nature of the concept of civil society of which NGOs may be regarded as typical. The European Union gives as leading principle of civil society the concept of voluntariness. Currently, the legal typology of NGOs in the European Union is determined by national laws of the Member State. The present forms of NGOs show great differences regarding formal requirements. There is a variety of legal forms available in EU Member States for public benefit organizations as typical civil society organizations. In the concept of European Union governance there are different concepts about which role civil society could or ought to play in Europe’s governance structure. One of these concepts is that the European Union cooperates with the national civil society institutions through partnership agreements. However, the European Union provides no indication of ways to measure whether an organization can be considered as a public benefit organization. Also, the supervising competences in the EU Member States are different. As a result of these the participatory democracy in the EU does not reflect the power of Europe’s civil society
Rechtsbescherming door het Gerecht van Eerste Aanleg aan van terrorisme verdachte personen
No full textDe uitspraak van het Hof van Justitie in de zaak Jose Maria Sison tegen de Raad van de Europese Unie d.d. 11 juli 2007 inzake het treffen van maatregelen ter bestrijding van terrorisme blijkt ruimte te geven aan van terrorisme verdachte personen. Heelt het Hof van Justitie het gebrek aan rechtsbescherming onder het EU Verdrag voor de individuele rechtzoekende
Bescherming van warm en koud vermogen. Is het toepassingsgebied van de corporate governance-code terecht beperkt tot beursgenoteerde vennootschappen?
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