18,592 research outputs found
The iconography of the Roman Veronica: From the repertoires of Karl Pearson to Veronica Route
No full textThis article seeks to identify the Roman veronica’s icono- graphic features by comparing the 200 veronicas’ characteristics noted by Pearson in 1887, the observations of diverse veronica scholars, and an online database of 3,817 veronicas (www.veronicaroute.com) in which each example is tagged for place and date. Pearson noted the veronica’s link to the Mandylion – the light/dark face, the trans gured/suffering face – and arrived at 1450 as the turning point from the trans gured to the suffering face. According to the Index of concentration, dark-faced veronicas with a “cut-out”outline are linked to the Roman relic, suggesting that early veronicas resembled the Mandylia in Rome and Genoa. According to the database, the early veronicas resembled the Mandylion; the dominant type of veronica between 1300 and 1500 had the trans gured face; and there is not necessarily a link between the dark face of the veronica and the suffering face of Christ
The Roman Veronica and the Holy Face of Lucca: parallelisms and tangents in the formation of their respective traditions
No full textIn the thirteenth century the civic cult of the Holy Face became the symbol of the libertas of Lucca. Several bishopric indulgences show the importance of worship of the Holy Face and its central role in defining the identity of the city. According to the Legend, Nicodemus sculpted the Face on the image left by Christ’s body on the veil (velamen) used as His funeral shroud. Gervase of Tilbury added that the cloth that covered the whole body of Jesus was placed inside the Holy Face, near the relics of the Passion. He connects the Holy Face to the Veronica and to other images of Christ.
The manuscript 490 of the Biblioteca Capitolare Feliniana, copied in the late 8th or early 9th century, includes the Cura sanitatis Tiberii. A manuscript of Rabanus Maurus’ figured poem De laudibus Sanctae Crucis is preserved in Lucca; however its local origin is unlikely.
Romano Silva has underlined the symmetry between the location of the Holy Face in St. Martin's Cathedral of Lucca and that of the Veronica in St Peter’s, both on the right of the entrance; and Emperor Charles IV from Bohemia, who freed citizens of Lucca from the domination of Pisa in 1369, appreciated both cults, and promoted their spread in Prague. The decoration of a manuscript of the confraternity of the Holy Cross, linked to the St. Luke's hospital, reflects the integration between the public devotion to the Holy Face and the new spirituality focused on the devotion to the suffering Christ, and on charity towards the poor.
A vernacular version of the Legend, published in Lucca in 1586 and immediately recalled, ends with a reference to the Veronica. The Veronica is represented in two 16th century petitions addressed to the pope by the habitants of Alessandria and Montpellier, and preserved in Tuscan Archives.
Instead, I have not found in Luccaʼs medieval iconography references to the Veronica or to the related cycle of Pontius Pilate; and Veronica is not mentioned in Luccan liturgical calendars. In Lucca, the strong rooting of the worship of Volto Santo may have stopped the influx of the Roman Veronica.
Lucca, in fact, while declaring its loyalty to the Church of Rome, already had its own Holy Face, perceived as the solid foundation of the city’s cultural and political identity
After Sulla: study in the settlement and material culture of the Piraeus peninsula in the Roman and Late Roman period
No full textModem text-based and ancient historical accounts take the sack of Piraeus, the port of Athens in Greece, by the Romans under Sulla in 86 ВС as the terminal point of the history of the area in antiquity. Archaeological work on the town has tended so far to regard the post-Classical phases of the settlement as less interesting than those marking the 'heyday' of the port in the Classical period. This thesis explores the nature and scale of settlement in the area in the centuries spanning the town's destruction by the Romans in 86 ВС and the Late Roman period. The study is based on a re-assessment of archaeological data from old and recent rescue excavations in the modem town up to 1997. It also presents and discusses in detail the results of post-excavation work by the author on unpublished material from an extensive site excavated in the early 1980s, These results are compared to and synthesized with epigraphic and other testimonies to answer questions about the nature of settlement and the degree of social and cultural change in the area during the period in focus. The discussion focuses in particular on; 1) exploring continuity and change in the settlement patterns, demography and topography of the town, 2) the changing nature of domestic space and its organization, and 3) investigating patterns of pottery consumption and trade. These issues are examined in the context of the social, economic and cultural changes documented for the Roman imperial and Late Roman period by previous archaeological fieldwork and excavations in the region of southern Greece and the Aegean
The ‘Veronica’ of Boniface of Verona
No full textIn the second half of the thirteenth century, Boniface of Verona wrote a poem in hexameters, the Veronica, describing the story of the holy cloth with the face of Christ. The text is transmitted by a single fifteenth-century manuscript (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS Lat. 8229). This contribution, which is the first step towards the complete critical edition of Boniface of Verona’s Veronica, offers an overview of this unknown testimony of the worship of the relic in Rome during the thirteenth century, under the shadow of the papal curia
A re-examination of the evidence for parade-grounds at auxiliary forts in Roman Britain
No full textThis Thesis examines the underlying evidence for parade-grounds at auxiliary forts in Roman Britain. Firstly by examining the evidence supporting forts with actual physical remains, such as the altars and the tribunal at Maryport and the artificially levelled area at Hardknott, and those with flagged areas which have been interpreted as parade-grounds, such as Ambleside and Gelligaer. The literary evidence of ancient authors is examined with particular reference to training and exercising and where this might have been undertaken. The occasions when a parade might have been appropriate in Roman times are examined, as is the possibility of a modem concept being superimposed on an ancient action
Manifesto. What can you live without?
No full textThe Roman Shelter è un progetto di ricerca sviluppato per la Biennale di Architettura e Urbanistica di Seoul 2021, curata da Dominique Perrault. Il progetto rappresenta il contributo del Dipartimento DiAP dell'Università Sapienza al tema della città resiliente inquadrato dalla Biennale. In questo contesto internazionale, il riparo, come tema centrale della riflessione architettonica, viene esplorato in termini di significato contemporaneo in relazione alle grandi sfide del cambiamento climatico, delle crisi sanitarie, dei conflitti politici o del collasso economico, che danno una nuova dimensione al concetto di casa. The Roman Shelter è stato realizzato dal gruppo di ricerca coordinato da Orazio Carpenzano e Alfonso Giancotti, composto da Fabio Balducci e Paolo Marcoaldi con Veronica Caprino, Domenico Faraco, Daniele Frediani, Andrea Parisella, Claudia Ricciardi. Il presente contributo costituisce il Manifesto programmatico del progetto
The Limits of Knowledge: Explorations of and Information from the Horn of Africa to the East African Coast in the Graeco-Roman Tradition
No full textBucciantini Veronica. The Limits of Knowledge: Explorations of and Information from the Horn of Africa to the East African Coast in the Graeco-Roman Tradition. In: Topoi. Orient-Occident. Supplément 11, 2012. Autour du Périple de la mer Érythrée
Re-Thinking Ritual Traditions: Interpreting Structured Deposition in Watery Contexts in Late Pre-Roman Iron Age and Roman Britain
No full textThis investigation seeks to define the strands of continuity and change in structured deposition across the Late Pre-Roman Iron Age to Early Roman transition in Britain, and interpret their significance in terms of cultural interaction. These interpretations not only examine and re-think structured deposition in relation to ritual traditions, but also explore how the continuity of such traditions was impacted by the transition between these two periods. Metalwork is a central focus but a wide range of other finds are also considered in order to take a holistic perspective on deposition. Watery deposits were an obvious starting point but comparisons with dry context deposits were necessary to provide a more complete understanding of these practices. The data were gathered from a number of individual sites throughout two contrasting case study zones defined by major waterways and labelled as such: the Severn-Thames Axis in the south and the Solway-Forth Axis in the north of Britain. Through the use of site reports as the main source of data, the analysis took a two-tiered approach. Individual episodes of structured deposition were examined and interpreted on a site-by-site basis. This then led to investigations on a broader scale by examining changes in the continuity of practices in the type of finds deposited, the contexts into which deposition took place and pre-deposition practices, such as deliberate breakage to determine patterns of deposition across the case study zones as a whole. With this comparative analysis it can be concluded that watery contexts were not a unique locus of structured deposition, and indeed that this practice is highly diverse across the zones studied. The tempora
The Empire, the Land, and the Exodus: A Study of How the Roman Empire Literally Shaped Christianity: 1 C.E. - 280 C.E.
No full textThis paper explores the factors and trends involved in the movement of Christian communities from Palestine into Asia Minor and regions west of the Aegean Sea. Because the first generation of Christians generally continued to identify themselves as Jewish, this paper looks into the factors that affected the Jewish community with the perspective that a large portion of the early Christians were still members of the Jewish community. Roman land control policies, taxation, and continuous loss and division of land all but pushed many Jews out of the region while the peace of Augustus led many more to depart more voluntarily. It was the culmination of all these factors that led to Jewish emigration from the Palestinian region. The paper will begin with a brief history of the birth of Christianity and the Jewish-Roman relationship in Palestine, followed by a discussion of factors that led to emigration from Palestine, and then end with an analysis of the locations of the Christian communities
Beyond the Foreigner: representations of non-roman individuals and communities in latin historiography, from Sallust to Ammianus Marcellinus
No full textFrom the foundation of the city of Rome in 753 BCE to the capture of the same in 476 CE, the ancient Romans came into contact with a diverse range of peoples. The Romans did not want only to conquer these peoples and incorporate them into the empire, but also they displayed a genuine interest in learning about foreigners. Roman historical narrative demonstrates clearly this prevailing curiosity. This thesis examines the representations of foreign individuals and communities in five works: SaUust, helium lugurthinum; Livy, Ab Vrhe Condita 21-30; Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, Historiae Philippicae 11-12; Tacitus, Germania; Ammianus MarcelHnus, Res Gestae 23.6. These authors represent a broad range of types of history writing (monograph, AUG history, universal history), and they span most of die history of Rome as an empire (40s BCE to the late 300s CE). Moreover, these works represent a diverse range of geographic locations in that they include the three major parts of the world as understood by the Romans: Africa, Europe and Asia. Finally, they cover—or they exist within the context of—the full range of the Roman-Foreign experience: victory (Numidia, Carthage), defeat (Persia), and non- result (Germani).This thesis demonstrates that Roman historians employ a diverse range of presentations of non-Roman individuals and communities. Roman historians appear not to have been constrained by a narrow set of rules when it comes to writing non- Romans; rather, each author can be seen to be engaging in a wider Roman discourse on the foreigner. And this discourse extends beyond the Roman world and Roman historical writing: the historians of Rome can be seen as building upon, and responding to, the so-called father of history, Herodotus, whose own narrative established firmly that exploration of the foreigner is an important part of historical inquiry. Close analysis clearly demonstrates each presentation of a non-Roman character or community to be an intricate and fascinating construction, and understanding how the foreigner is conceptualised in the work is of critical importance. On the one hand, the presentation of foreigners fits into the historian’s overarching aims and objectives in his work; on the other hand, the representation of foreigners can dictate the ways in which the Roman history is narrated. Non-Romans both fit into and they provide direction for, Roman historical narrative. By studying the complexities of the presentation of non-Romans, therefore, this thesis enhances our understanding of the sophistication of Roman historical writing. Despite the continuing acknowledgement of the important role ethnography plays in writings of Herodotus and his Greek and Roman successors and imitators, there has not so far been a genre-wide detailed study of the ethnography in Greek or Roman historiography. This thesis, therefore, seeks to rectify partially this omission on the part of scholarship, and establish a foundation for future study of the non-Roman in Latin literature and Roman culture
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